Abstract
Gelidium pusillum is a species reported from the northern Gulf of California to the tropical region of the Mexican Pacific, but there is wide morphological variation among populations. The objective of this research was to evaluate of the Mexican species using morphological and molecular approaches, with the markers rbcL and COI-5P. This study examined 12 samples from four sites in the Mexican tropical Pacific. Phylogenetic analyses resolved these specimens within two clades separated from the topotype material of G. pusillum. The main morphological differences with other Mexican and phylogenetic closely related species were size, branching pattern, branching order, distribution of internal rhizoidal filaments, and shape of the tetrasporangial sori. The sequence divergences between these clades and the morphological differences support their representing distinct species so that Gelidium nayaritense sp. nov. is proposed for tropical specimens of the Mexican Pacific, whose diagnostic characteristics are the little or absent branching, its small size, as well as the presence of internal rhizoidal filaments concentrated in the subcortex, further G. sanyaense is register for first time from Mexico and Eastern Pacific.
References
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Guillemin, M.L., Valero, M., Faugeron, S., Nelson, W. & Destombe, C. (2014) Tracing the Trans-Pacific Evolutionary History of a Domesticated Seaweed (Gracilaria chilensis) with Archaeological and Genetic Data. PLoS ONE 9: e114039. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114039
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Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium, Series 41: 95–98.
Hongjamrassilp, W., Murase, A., Miki, R. & Hastings, P.A. (2020) Journey to the west: trans-Pacific historical biogeography of fringehead blennies in the genus Neoclinus (Teleostei: Blenniiformes). Zoological Studies 59: 9. https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2020.59-09.
Iha, C., Milstein, D., Guimarães, S.M.P.B., Freshwater, D.W. & Oliveira, M.C. (2015) DNA barcoding reveals high diversity in the Gelidiales of the Brazilian southeast coast. Botanica Marina 58: 295–305. https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2014-0069
Jamas, M., Iha, C., Oliveira, M.C., Guimarães, S.M.P.B. & Fujii, M.T. (2017) Morphological and molecular studies on Gelidiaceae and Gelidiellaceae (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) from Brazil with description of the new species Gelidium calidum. Phytotaxa 314: 195–218. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.314.2.2
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Kim, K.M., Gerung, G.S. & Boo, S.M. (2011b) Two-gene sequences and morphology of Gelidium zollingeri (Kützing) comb. nov. (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta). Algae 26: 209–209. https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2011.26.1.209
Kim, K.M. & Boo, S.M. (2012) Relationships and distribution of Gelidium crinale and G. pusillum (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) based on cox1 and rbcL sequences. Algae 27: 83–97. https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2012.27.2.083
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