XIAO, WEN, Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China; The provincial innovation team of biodiversity conservation and utility of the three parallel rivers from Dali University, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China; Yunling black-and-white snub-nosed monkey observation and research station of Yunnan province, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China, China