Abstract
A new species, Melanogaster sinensis (Paxillaceae, Boletales), from Jilin Province in Northeast China, is described and illustrated based on morphological observations and molecular evidence. It is characterized by hypogeous to semi-hypogeous basidiomata, a single-layered peridium, 8spored basidia (10.5–16.0 × 6.0–9.0 µm), and fusiform basidiospores (4.8–6.2 × 3.0–3.8 μm). Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS dataset placed our collection within Melanogaster as M. sinensis and recovered a monophyletic lineage. A full description, illustrations, and phylogenetic analysis results of the new species are provided. In addition, the new species is compared with closely related taxa.
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