Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 761 No. 1: 10 Jun. 2026
Type: Monograph
Published: 2026-06-10
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.761.1.1
Page range: 1-129
Abstract views: 0
PDF downloaded: 0

Taxonomic revision of Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae) from Brazil

Universidade Federal do Paraná; Departamento de Botânica; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica; Cx. P. 19031; Jardim das Américas; Curitiba; Paraná; Brazil; 81530-900
Universidade Federal do Paraná; Departamento de Botânica; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica; Cx. P. 19031; Jardim das Américas; Curitiba; Paraná; Brazil; 81530-900
Monocots Aspidogyne Microchilus Neotropics Physurus a subtribo está representada pelo gênero Microchilus com aproximadamente 250 espécies sendo reconhecida pelo hábito distinto com caule desenvolvido constituído de uma

Abstract

Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae) is subordinated to Orchidoideae, tribe Cranichideae, and is distributed in the New and Old World’s tropical and subtropical zones. In the Neotropical region, the subtribe is represented by the genus Microchilus, with approximately 250 species. It is recognised by its distinct habit, with a developed stem consisting of a basal root portion and a foliated distal portion. Additionally, the labellum is subdivided into epichile, mesochile, and hypochile, with the hypochile being calcariform. This study presents a taxonomic treatment of the Goodyerinae subtribe in Brazil, where 33 native species were recorded. During the taxonomic study and verification of types and protologues, it was possible to re-establish three names previously considered synonyms, as well as propose two new synonyms, in addition to presenting two new geographic distribution records for Brazil, and 16 new state records. A nomenclatural review of the species included in the study was carried out, where 19 lectotypes, eight neotypes, and three epitypes were proposed. Among the endemic species (global assessment), six species are classified as Least Concern (LC), two as Endangered (EN) and three as Critically Endangered (CR). An identification key, descriptions, taxonomic and ecological comments, geographic distribution, illustrations, and photographs of the species studied are provided.

References

  1. Ames, O. (1915) The genera and species of Philippine orchids. Orchidaceae 5: 3–270. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15433
  2. Ames, O. (1922) Notes on Erythrodes with nomenclatural changes and descriptions of three new species. Orchidaceae 7: 63–78. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15433
  3. Angely, J. (1972) Flora Analítica e Fitogeográfica do Estado de São Paulo 6. Phyton, São Paulo, 1279 pp.
  4. Archila, F., Chiron, G.R. & Szlachetko, D. (2014) Aspidogyne tribouillieri, une nouvelle orchidée commelinoïde du Guatemala. Richardiana 14: 176–184.
  5. Barbosa Rodrigues, J. (1877) Genera et species Orchidacearum novarum I. Typografia Nacional, Sebastianópolis [Rio de Janeiro], 214 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.585
  6. Barbosa Rodrigues, J. (1882) Genera et species Orchidacearum novarum II. Typografia Nacional, Sebastianópolis [Rio de Janeiro], 295 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.585
  7. Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A. & Fraga, C.N. (2010) Orchidaceae. In: Forzza et al., Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 1344–1425.
  8. Baptista, D.H., Campacci, M.A. & Oliveira, S.M. (2005) Novas combinações de nomenclatura. Boletim CAOB 58: 49–51.
  9. BFG (2015) Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil. Rodriguésia 69: 1513–1527. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
  10. BFG (2018) Brazilian Flora 2020: Innovation and collaboration to meet Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC). Rodriguésia 66: 1085–1113. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201869402
  11. BFG (2022) Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network. Taxon 71: 178–198. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12640
  12. Blume, C.L. (1825) Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië 8. Ter Lands Drukkerij, Batavia, pp. 354–434. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.395
  13. Blume, C.L. (1859) Collection des orchidées les plus remarquables de l’archipel indien et du Japon. C.G. Sulpke, Amsterdam, 190 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.154048
  14. Brade, A.C. & Pabst, G.F.J. (1958) Novitates Herbarii Hortus Fluminensis – I. Orquídea 20: 5–7.
  15. Brown, R. (1813) Goodyera. In: Airton, W.T. (Ed.) Hortus Kewensis or Catalogue of the Plants Cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew 5. Paternoster Row, London, pp. 197–198.
  16. Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109
  17. Buysson, D. (1878) L’Orchidophile; traité théorique et pratique sur la culture des orchidées. Auguste Goin, Paris, 536 pp.
  18. Buzatto, C.R., Singer, R.B., Romero-González, G.A., van den Berg, C. & Salazar, G.A. (2013) Typifications and taxonomic notes in species of Brazilian Goodyerinae and Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae) described by José Vellozo and Barbosa Rodrigues. Taxon 62: 609–621. https://doi.org/10.12705/623.10
  19. Carnevali, G. & Foldats, E. (1989) A new Aspidogyne (Orchidaceae) from Venezuelan Guayana. Annals of Missouri Botanical Garden 76: 596–597. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399502
  20. Carnevali, G. & Dodson, C.H. (1993) Nomenclatural notes in the Orchidaceae. Lindleyana 8: 101–102.
  21. Cogniaux, C.A. (1895) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C.F.P. von, Eichler, A.W. & Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora brasiliensis. Vol 3, pars 4. F. Fleischer, Monachii et Lipsiae, 160 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.454
  22. Cogniaux, C.A. (1898) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C.F.P. von, Eichler, A.W. & Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora brasiliensis. Vol 3, pars 5. Typographia Regia C. Wolf et fil., Monachii et Lipsiae, 188 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.454
  23. Cogniaux, C.A. (1906) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C.F.P. von, Eichler, A.W. & Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora brasiliensis. Vol 3, pars 6. F. Fleischer, Monachii et Lipsiae, 202 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.454
  24. Cogniaux, A. (1906, publ. 1907) Orchidées du Brésil et des régions voisines. Bulletin de la Société Royale de Botanique de Belgique 43: 266–356.
  25. Chase, M.W., Cameron, K.M., Freudenstein, J.V., Pridgeon, A.M., Salazar, G., van den Berg, C. & Schuiteman, A. (2015) An updated classification of Orchidaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 177: 151–174. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12234
  26. Christenson, E.A. (1995) Type specimens of Orchidaceae conserved at the Komarov Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia (LE). Brittonia 47: 31–43. https://doi.org/10.2307/2807246
  27. Christenson, E.A. (1996) Notes on Neotropical Orchidaceae II. Lindleyana 11: 12–26.
  28. CRIA (2025) Centro de Referência e Informação Ambiental – SpeciesLink. Available from: http://www.splink.net (accessed 19 April 2025)
  29. Dietrich, D.N.F. (1852) Enumerator Systematica – Plantarum plerunque adhuc cognitarum cum differentiis specificis et synonymis selectis. Synopsis Plantarum 5: 1–576. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.168
  30. Chiron, G. & Bolsanello, R.X. (2015) Orchidées du Brésil – As orquídeas da serra do Castelo (Espírito Santo – Brasil). Tropicalia, Voreppe, 371 pp.
  31. Docha Neto, A. & Petini-Benelli, A. (2006) Alatiglossum culuenense: uma nova espécie de Orchidaceae de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Orchidstudium 5: 55–77.
  32. Dowe, J.L., Appelhans, M.S., Bräuchler, C., Hilje, L. & Schlumpberger, B.O. (2022) The botanical expedition of Hermann Wendland in Central America: A nomenclatural study and travel report. Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, Genève, 136 pp.
  33. Dunsterville, G.C.K. & Garay, L.A. (1972) Venezuelan orchids illustrated V. Andre Deutsch, London, 334 pp.
  34. Engels, M.E., Barros, F. & Smidt, E.C. (2016) A subtribo Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae) no estado do Paraná, Brasil. Rodriguésia 67: 917–952. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201667406
  35. Engels, M.E. & Smidt, E.C. (2022a) Microchilus dasilvae: a new species of Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae) from Southeastern Brazil. Phytotaxa 555: 252–258. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.555.3.4
  36. Engels, M.E. & Smidt, E.C. (2022b) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes in Microchilus longicornu (Goodyerinae Orchidaceae). Phytotaxa 568: 296–300. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.3.7
  37. Engels, M.E. & Smidt, E.C. (2024) Microchilus culuenensis: a new species of Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae) from Southeastern Brazil. Phytotaxa 644: 056–062. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.644.1.8
  38. Engels, M.E. & Smidt, E.C. (2025) Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature of Pelexia pauciflora (Orchidaceae). Acta Biológica Paranaense 54: 01–05. https://doi.org/10.5380/abp.v54i1.99625
  39. Fidalgo, O. & Bononi, V.L.R. (1989) Técnicas de coleta, preservação e herborização de material botânico. Reimpressão. Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, 62 pp.
  40. Flora e Funga do Brasil (2025) Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/ (accessed 17 April 2025)
  41. Gonçalves, E.G. & Lorenzi, H. (2011) Morfologia vegetal: organografia e dicionário ilustrado de morfologia das plantas vasculares. Instituto Plantarum de Estudos da Flora, Nova Odessa, 512 pp.
  42. Garay, L.A. (1954) Erythrodes bidentifera. Comunicaciones del Instituto Nacional de Investigación de las Ciencias Naturales Anexo al Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”: Ciencias Botánicas 1: 1–7.
  43. Garay, L.A. (1958) Studies in American orchids IV. Botanical Museum Leaflets 18: 186–218. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.295183
  44. Garay, L.A. (1967) Studies in American orchids VI. Botanical Museum Leaflets 21: 249–264. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.168551
  45. Garay, L.A. (1977) Systematics of the Physurinae (Orchidaceae) in the New World. Bradea 28: 191–204.
  46. Garay, L.A. (1978) Studies in American Orchids X. Botanical Museum Leaflets 26: 01–38.
  47. Garay, L.A. (1980 publ. 1982) A generic revision of the Spiranthinae. Botanical Museum Leaflets 28: 277–425. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.168651
  48. Garay, L.A. & Romero, G.A. (1998) Schedulae Orchidum. Harvard Papers in Botany 3: 53–62.
  49. Hauman, L.L. (1917) Quelques orchidées de l’Argentine. Anales del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires 29: 353–389.
  50. Hiepko, P. (1987) The collections of the Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem (B) and their history. Englera 7: 219–252.
  51. Hoehne, F.C. (1910) História natural: Botânica. Parte I: Bromeliaceas, Pontederiaceas, Liliaceas, Amaryllidaceas, Iridaceas, Orchidaceas, Aristolochiaceas, Droseraceas e Passifloraceas. Comissão de Linhas Telegraphicas e Estratégicas de Matto Grosso ao Amazonas, Rio de Janeiro, 71 pp.
  52. Hoehne, F.C. (1945) Flora Brasílica. Graphicars-F. Lanzara, São Paulo, 389 pp.
  53. Hoehne, F.C. & Schlechter, F.R.R. (1926) Physurus macer. Arquivos de Botânica do Estado de São Paulo 1: 196.
  54. IBGE (2012) Manual Técnico da Vegetação Brasileira, 2ª edição revisada e ampliada. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro, 275 pp.
  55. Insaurralde, I.S. & Radins, J.A. (2010) Misiones – Orquídeas. Golden Iniverse, Buenos Aires, 191 pp.
  56. Ithaka (2025) JStore Global Plants. Available from: https://plants.jstor.org/ (accessed 22 April 2025)
  57. IUCN (2022) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria. IUCN, Gland, Cambridge. [Version 15.1, Prepared by the standards and petitions subcommittee]
  58. Jabot (2025) JBRJ—Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Jabot—Banco de Dados da Flora Brasileira. Available from: http://jabot.jbrj.gov.br (accessed 19 April 2025)
  59. JACQ (2025) Jointly administered herbarium management system and specimen database of the following herbaria: ADMONT, B, BAK, BATU, BEOU, BP, BRNM, BRNU, CBH, CHER, DR, ERE, FT, GAT, GJO, GZU, HAL, HBG, HERZ, JE, KIEL, KFTA, KUFS, LAGU, LECB, LW, LWKS, LWS, LZ, MJG, MNVD, NBSI, OLD, PAV, PI, PIAGR, PRC, ROPV, SIENA, SPP, SZU, TBI, TGM, TGU, TMRC, TO, TUB, UBT, ULM, W, WU and WUP. Available from: https://www.jacq.org (accessed 25 September 2025)
  60. Johnson, A.E. (2001) Las Orquídeas del Parque Nacional Iguazú. LOLA, Buenos Aires, 282 pp.
  61. Klotzsch, J.F. (1846) Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde Gebrauchlichen Gewachse 14. [pl. 24]
  62. Kock, C. & Lauche, F.W.G. (1857) Physurus argenteus. Allgemeine Gartenzeitung 5: no page.
  63. Kraenzlin, F. (1911) Beiträge zur Orchideenflora Südamerikas. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar 46: 1–88.
  64. Kraenzlin, F. (1921) Orchidaceae Dusenianae novae. Arkiv för Botanik 16: 02–29.
  65. Linden, J.J. (1859) Catalogue des Plantes Exotiques, Nouvelles et rares, Cultivées dans les serres de J. Linden 12. M. Hayez, Bruxeles, 46 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.140002
  66. Lindley, J. (1840) The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants. Ridgways, Piccadilly, London, 553 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.120492
  67. Lindley, J. (1861) New Plants. The Gardeners’ chronicle and agricultural gazette 19 October 1861: 926.
  68. Loudon, J.C. (1850) Anoectochilus argenteus. Loudon’s Hortus Britannicus 3: 608.
  69. Loudon, J.C. (1850) Anoectochilus pictus. Loudon’s Hortus Britannicus 3: 608.
  70. Mabberley, D.J. (2015) Rapid publication in the mid-nineteenth century: John Lindley’s “New Plants” column in the Gardeners’ Chronicle. Taxon 64: 841–844. https://doi.org/10.12705/644.16
  71. Mansfeld, R. (1929) Orchideenfloren der südamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis 57: 1–142.
  72. Merrill, E.D. (1943) Destruction of the Berlin Herbarium. Science 98: 490–491. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.98.2553.490
  73. Meneguzzo, T.E.C. (2010) New combinations in Brazilian Orchidaceae. Neodiversity 5: 23–25. https://doi.org/10.13102/neod.51.6
  74. Meneguzzo, T.E.C. (2012) Mudanças nomenclaturais em Goodyerinae do Novo Mundo (Orchidaceae). Orquidário 26: 86–91.
  75. Meneguzzo, T.E.C. (2025a) Aspidogyne in Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB37213 (accessed 17 April 2025)
  76. Meneguzzo, T.E.C. (2025b) Microchilus in Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB11843 (accessed 17 April 2025)
  77. Mikan, J.C. (1820) Delectus Florae et Faunae Brasiliensis. Sumptibus auctoris, Typis Antonii Satrauss, Vindobonae [Vienna], [part 1; t. 3 (without page)] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.63994
  78. Moore, L.S.M. (1895) The Phanerogamic Botany of the Matto Grosso expedition, 1891–92. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 4: 265–516. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1895.tb00046.x
  79. Moreira, L.H.L., van den Berg, C. & Barbosa, M.R.V. (2022) Synopsis of Orchidaceae Juss. in the northern lowland Atlantic Forest. Acta Botanica Brasilica 36: e20220098. https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941X-ABB-2022-0098
  80. Muller, D., Warren, R., Miller, I.M. & Seehawer, H. (2006) Serra dos Órgãos – Sua História e suas orquídeas. Editora Scart, Nova Friburgo, 567 pp.
  81. Nascimento, M.V. (2021) Orquídeas Nativas de Florianópolis. Edição do autor, Florianópolis, 473 pp.
  82. Ormerod, P. (2002) Taxonomic changes in Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae). Lindleyana 17: 189–238.
  83. Ormerod, P. (2005) Studies of Neotropical Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae). Harvard Papers in Botany 9: 391–423.
  84. Ormerod, P. (2007) Studies of Neotropical Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae) 2. Harvard Papers in Botany 11: 145–177. https://doi.org/10.3100/1043-4534
  85. Ormerod, P. (2008) Studies of Neotropical Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae) 3. Harvard Papers in Botany 13: 55–87. https://doi.org/10.3100/1043-4534
  86. Ormerod, P. (2009) Studies of Neotropical Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae) 4. Harvard Papers in Botany 14: 111–128. https://doi.org/10.3100/025.014.0203
  87. Ormerod, P. (2013) Studies of Neotropical Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae) 5. Harvard Papers in Botany 18: 51–60. https://doi.org/10.3100/025.018.0108
  88. Ormerod, P. (2016) Neotropical Orchid Miscellanea. Harvard Papers in Botany 21: 231–245. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v21iss2.2016.n8
  89. Ormerod, P. & Carnevali, G. (2018) Additions to the Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae) of Guyana. Harvard Papers in Botany 23: 85–88. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v23iss1.2018.n10
  90. Ostetto, S. (2015) Orquídeas de Mato Grosso do Sul. Gráfica e Editora Alvorada, Campo Grande, 141 pp.
  91. Pabst, G.F.J. (1952 publ. 1953) Additamenta ad Orchidologiam Brasiliensem – I. Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro 12: 129–136.
  92. Pabst, G.F.J. (1956) Contribuição para o conhecimento das orquídeas de Santa Catarina e sua distribuição geográfica – III. Sellowia 7: 175–181.
  93. Pabst, G.F.J. (1957) Notícias Orquidológicas – III. Orquídea 18: 211–215.
  94. Pabst, G.F.J. (1969) Orquídeas novas na região amazônica – Additamenta ad orchidologiam brasiliensem – VII. Boletim do INPA, Botânica 31: 1–5.
  95. Pabst, G.F.J. (1972) Additamenta ad Orchidologiam Brasiliensem – XII. Bradea 20: 177–183.
  96. Pabst, G.F.J. & Dungs, F. (1975) Orchidaceae Brasilienses I. Kurt Schmersow, Hildesheim, 408 pp.
  97. Pabst, G.F.J. & Dungs, F. (1977) Orchidaceae Brasilienses II. Brucke-Verlag Kurt Schmersow, Hildesheim, 418 pp.
  98. Pessoa, E. & Alves, M. (2012) Flora da Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco: Orchidaceae. Rodriguésia 62: 341–356. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2175-78602012000200009
  99. Pessoa, E. & Alves, M. (2015) Synopsis of Orchidaceae from Serra do Urubu: an area of montane forest, Pernambuco State, Brazil. Hoehnea 42: 109–133. https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-35/2014
  100. Pessoa, E., Barros, F. & Alves, M. (2015) Orchidaceae from Viruá National Park, Roraima, Brazilian Amazon. Phytotaxa 192: 61–96. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.192.2.1
  101. Pessoa, E.M., Araújo, A.M., Barberena, F.F.A., Batista, J.A.N., Benelli, A.P., Bento, J.S.P., Borba, E.L., Camelo-Júnior, A.E., Cantuária, P.C., Cavalcanti, L.W., Cintra, M.C.S., Engels, M., Feitoza, L.H.J., Felix, L.P., Ferreira, A.W.C., Fiorini, C.F., Guimarães, L.R.S., Klein, V.P., Koch, A.K., Koehler, S., Krahl, A.H., Krahl, D.R.P., Leal, B.S.S., Macedo, A., Machado, I.C.S., Mauad, A.V.S.R., Mayer, J.L.S., Meneguzzo, T.E.C., Menini Neto, L., Moraes, A.P., Milet-Pinheiro, P., Nollet, F., Oliveira, E.M., Oliveira, M.S., Pansarin, E.R., Pinheiro, F., Carla A. Royer 11, Santos, I.S., Silva-Pereira, V., Smidt, E.C., Vieira, T.L., Zandoná, L.R., Zavatin, D. & van den Berg, C. (2025) An overview of Orchidaceae from Brazil: advances and shortfalls after 400 years of studies. Plants 14: 1–64. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14223520
  102. Pfeiffer, L.G.K. (1874) Nomenclator botanicus 2 (1). Fischer, Cassell, 1876 pp.
  103. Poeppig, E.F. & Endlicher, S.F.L. (1837 [1838]) Nova Genera ac Species Plantarum 2. Sumptibus Friderici Hofmeister, Leipzig, 74 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.453
  104. Porsch, O. (1905) Neue Orchideen aus Südbrasilien. Österreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 55: 150–163. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01786777
  105. Porto, P.C. & Brade, A.C. (1938 publ. 1939) Orchidaceae Novae Brasilienses III. Anais da primeira reunião Sul-Americana de Botânica 3: 31–43.
  106. Pott, V.J. & Pott, A. (2000) Plantas Aquáticas do Pantanal. Embrapa, Brasília, 404 pp.
  107. POWO (2025) Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed 17 April 2025)
  108. Presl, C.B. (1827) Descriptiones et icones Plantarum, quas in America meridionalis et borealis, in insulis Philippinis et Marianis collegit: Orchidaceae. Reliquiae Haenkeanae 1: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.515
  109. Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2003) Genera Orchidacearum, Vol. 3, Orchidoideae (part 2) Vanilloideae. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 360 pp.
  110. Pupulin, F. (2012a) The Orchidaceae of Ruiz & Pavón’s “Flora Peruviana et Chilensis”. A taxonomic study I. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 69: 21–79. https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2295
  111. Pupulin, F. (2012b) The Orchidaceae of Ruiz & Pavón’s “Flora Peruviana et Chilensis”. A taxonomic study II. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 69: 143–186. https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2336
  112. Reichenbach, H.G. (1856) Orchideae Ruizianae et Pavonianae Musaei Boissieriani. Bonplandia 4: 210–217.
  113. Reichenbach, H.G. (1857) Physurus pictus var. holargyrus Rchb. f. Katalog der Orchideen-Sammlung von G.W. Schiller 3: 59 6: 1279.
  114. Reichenbach, H.G. (1857) Physurus pictus var. reticularis Rchb. f. Katalog der Orchideen-Sammlung von G.W. Schiller 3: 59 6: 1279.
  115. Reichenbach, H.G. (1860) Weber einige Garten-Orchideen. Hamburger Garten und Blumenzeitung 16: 14–16.
  116. Reichenbach, H.G. (1873) New Garden Plants. The Gardeners’ Chronicle & Agricultural Gazette 8 February 1873: 177–178.
  117. Reichenbach, H.G. (1874) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Orchideen. Xenia Orchidacea 2: 001–232. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.462
  118. Reichenbach, H.G. & Warming, J.E.B. (1881) Novitiae Orchidaceae Warmingianae. Otia Botanica Hamburgensia 2: 78–95. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.50465
  119. Rocha, A.E.S. & Afonso, E.L. (2022) Eltroplectris guimaraesii (Spiranthinae, Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae), nova espécie para a Amazônia brasileira. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi 17: 283–288. https://doi.org/10.46357/bcnaturais.v17i2.212
  120. Rocha, A.E.S. & Afonso, E.L. (2023) Eltroplectris guimaraesii (Spiranthinae, Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae), nova espécie para a Amazônia brasileira. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi 18: e2023-e001. [errata]
  121. Rolfe, R.A. (1912) New orchid – Decade 38. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information 4: 131–135.
  122. Ruschi, A. (1986) Orquídeas do Estado do Espírito Santo. Expressão e Cultura, Rio de Janeiro, 278 pp.
  123. Shaw, J.M.H. (2013) Aspidogyne nobilis var. argyrocentra. Orchid Review Supplement 121: 76.
  124. Schlechter, R. (1920a) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Orchidaceenflora von Parana. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis 16: 316–334. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19200162004
  125. Schlechter, R. (1920b) Die Orchideenfloren der südamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten II. Colombia. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis, Beihefte Band 7: 001–301.
  126. Schlechter, R. (1921) Die Orchideenfloren der südamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten IV Peru. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 9: 001–182.
  127. Schlechter, R. & Hoehne, F.C. (1922) Contribuições ao conhecimento das orquidáceas do Brasil. Anexos das Memórias do Instituto de Butantan: Secção de Botânica 1: 01–68.
  128. Schinini, A. (2010) Orquídeas nativas del Paraguay. Rojasiana 9: 11–316.
  129. Schweinfurth, C. (1941a) Nomenclatorial Notes XIII. Botanical Museum Leaflets 9: 128. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.168419
  130. Schweinfurth, C. (1941b) Orchidaceae Perivianae II. Botanical Museum Leaflets 9: 217–238.
  131. Schweinfurth, C. (1943) Orchidaceae Andinae I. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales 5: 348–351.
  132. Schweinfurth, C. (1951) Botanical exploration in Venezuela I, II – Orchidaceae. Fieldiana 28: 167–203.
  133. Smidt, E.C., Engels, M.E. & Miranda, M.R. (2016) A new Aspidogyne (Orchidaceae: Goodyerinae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Phytotaxa 289: 279–284. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.289.3.8
  134. Smidt, E.C., Salazar, G.A., Mauad, A.V.S.R., Engels, M.E., Viruel, J., Clements, M., Pérez, I.J. & Chase, M.W. (2021) An Indomalesian origin in the Miocene for the diphyletic New World jewel orchids (Goodyerinae, Orchidoideae): molecular dating and biogeographic analyses document non-monophyly of the Neotropical genera. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 197: 322–349. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab028
  135. Sprunger, S., Cribb, P. & Toscano-de-Brito, A.L.V. (1996) Iconographie des Orchidées du Brésil, Vols. 1-2. Friedrich Reinhardt Verlag, Basel, 540 pp.
  136. Straube, F.C. (2015) Ruínas e urubus: história da Ornitologia no Paraná. Período de Chrostowski, 1 (1901-1909). Hori Consultoria Ambiental, Curitiba, 273 pp.
  137. Szlachetko, D.L. (1995) Platythelys pedicellata. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica Polonica, Supplementum 3: 115.
  138. Szlachetko, D.L. & Rutkowski, P. (2008) Classification of Spiranthinae, Stenorrhynchidinae and Cyclopogoninae. In: Rutkowski, P., Szlachetko, D.L. & Górniak, M. (Eds.) Phylogeny and taxonomy of the subtribes Spiranthinae, Stenorrhynchidinae and Cyclopogoninae (Spirantheae, Orchidaceae) in Central and South America. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, pp. 130–222.
  139. Szlachetko, D.L., Kolanowska, M., Nowak, S. & Vieira-Uribe, S. (2017) Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia 1. Koeltz Botanical Books, Oberreifenberg, 546 pp.
  140. Thiers, B. (2025) Index Herbariorum. Part I: The herbaria of the world. New York Botanical Garden. Available from: https://www.sweetgum.nybg.org/ih (accessed 22 April 2025)
  141. Tropicos (2025) Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Available from: https://tropicos.org/name/100187195 (accessed 17 April 2025)
  142. Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Gandhi, K.N., Gravendyck, J., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Klopper, R.R., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., May, T.W., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J., Smith, G.F. & Zamora Señoret, J.C. (2025) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Madrid Code). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 288 pp. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226839479.001.0001
  143. Vellozo, J.M.C. (1831) Florae Fluminensis 9. Officina lithographica A. Senefelder, Paris, 128 gravures. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.70380
  144. Vieira, T.L., Barros, F. & Roque, N. (2014) Orchidaceae no Município de Jacobina, Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Hoehnea 41: 469–482. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2236-89062014000300012
  145. Warming, J.E.B. (1884) Orchidaceae (manipulus secundus). Symbolae ad Floram Brasiliae Centralis Cognoscendam 30: 86–98. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.162877
  146. Williams, B.S. (1868) The Orchid-Grower’s Manual. Victoria and Paradise Nursery, London, 251 pp.
  147. Williams, B.S. (1871) The Orchid-Grower’s Manual. Victoria and Paradise Nurseries, London, 300 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15512
  148. Williams, B.S. (1885) The Orchid-Grower’s Manual. Victoria and Paradise Nurseries, London, 659 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.23296
  149. Williams, B.S. (1894) The Orchid-Grower’s Manual. Victoria and Paradise Nurseries, London, 796 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.56050
  150. Williams, L.O. (1938a) Orchid studies IX. Botanical Museum Leaflets 6: 137–141.
  151. Williams, L.O. (1938b) A note concerning two South American orchids. Botanical Museum Leaflets 6: 143. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.168612

How to Cite

Engels, M.E. & Smidt, E.D.C. (2026) Taxonomic revision of Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae) from Brazil. Phytotaxa 761 (1): 1–129. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.761.1.1