Abstract
A new species of the genus Pleroma, endemic to the state of Paraná, is described. Pleroma joelsilvae is morphologically similar to Pleroma oleifolium and Pleroma ursinum. Here we present the taxonomic description for the species, taxonomic comments, distribution map, illustrations made with photos from herbarium specimens, photos of the species in vivo, and conservation status assignments. According to our assessments based on IUCN criteria, P. joelsilvae is Critically Endangered (CR), because its occurrence is very restricted, and its populations are small and occurring in unprotected areas. To facilitate its recognition, we present an updated identification key for the species of Pleroma that occur in Paraná. Pleroma joelsilvae is a tribute to Joel Morais da Silva, for his extensive work as a plant collector on the staff of the “Museu Botânico Municipal de Curitiba”.
References
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<p>Meyer, F.S. & Matos, F.B. (2017) The recognition of <em>Tibouchina setosociliata</em> Cogn. (Melastomataceae, Melastomeae) and its transfer to <em>Pleroma</em> D. Don. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 305: 201–208. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.305.3.7</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S. & Goldenberg, R. (2016) Four new species of <em>Chaetogastra</em> (Melastomeae, Melastomataceae) from Southern. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 282: 239–258. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.282.4.1</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S., Goldenberg, R. & Kollmann, L.J.C. (2016) Three new species of <em>Pleroma</em> (Melastomataceae) from Inselbergs of Espírito Santo, Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 282: 197–210. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.282.3.3</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S., Kollmann, L.J.C., Fraga, C.N. & Goldenberg, R. (2018) Four new rupicolous species of <em>Pleroma</em> (Melastomataceae) endemic to Espírito Santo, Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 384: 235–253. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.348.4.1</p>
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<p>BRASIL (1965) Lei Nº 4.771, de 15 de setembro de 1965. Available from: https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/LEIS/L4771.htm (accessed 12 February 2022)</p>
<p>BRASIL (2012) Lei Nº 12.651, de 25 de maio de 2012. Available from: https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2011-2014/2012/lei/l12651.htm (accessed 12 February 2022)</p>
<p>Brotto, M.L. & Völtz, R.R. (2021) New records of four tree species in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil: Canellaceae, Lauraceae, Melastomataceae, and Myristicaceae. <em>Checklist</em> 17: 859–872. https://doi.org/10.15560/17.3.859</p>
<p>Camargo, E.A. & Goldenberg, R. (2007) <em>Leandra</em> seção <em>Leandraria</em> (Melastomataceae) no Estado do Paraná, Brasil. <em>Iheringia - Série Botânica</em> 62: 103–111.</p>
<p>Camargo, E.A., Souza, C.M.F., Caddah, M.K. & Goldenberg, R. (2009) O gênero <em>Leandra</em>, seções <em>Carassanae</em>, <em>Chaetodon</em>, <em>Niangae</em>, <em>Oxymeris</em> e <em>Secundiflorae</em> (Melastomataceae) no estado do Paraná. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 60: 595–631. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860200960308</p>
<p>Chamisso, A. (1835) De plantis in expeditione speculatoria Romanzoffiana et in herbaris Regiis Berolinensibus observatis dicere pergit—Melastomaceae Americanae. <em>Linnaea</em> 9: 368–402.</p>
<p>Cogniaux, A.C. (1885) Melastomataceae. <em>In</em>: Martius, C.F.P., Eichler, A.G. & Urban, I. (Eds.) <em>Flora Brasiliensis</em>, v. 14 p. 3. Lipsiae, Frid. Fleischer, Munich, 655 pp.</p>
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<p>De Candolle, A.P. (1828) Melastomataceae. <em>In</em>: De Candolle, A.L.P.P. (ed.) <em>Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis</em>, v. 3. Treuttel et Würtz, Paris, pp. 99–202.</p>
<p>Don, D. (1823) An illustration of natural family of plants called Melastomataceae. <em>Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society</em> 4: 276–329.</p>
<p>Goldenberg, R. (2004) O gênero <em>Miconia</em> (Melastomataceae) no Estado do Paraná, Brasil. <em>Acta Botanica Brasilica</em> 18: 927–947. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062004000400024</p>
<p>Goldenberg, R., Souza, C.M.F. & Dequech, H.B. (2005) <em>Clidemia</em>, <em>Ossaea</em> e <em>Pleiochiton</em> (Melastomataceae) no estado do Paraná, Brasil. <em>Hoehnea</em> 32: 453–466.</p>
<p>Goldenberg, R., Bacci, L.F. & Moraes, J.W. (2015) A tribo Microlicieae (Melastomataceae) no estado do Paraná. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 66: 155–165. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566108</p>
<p>Goldenberg, R., Bacci, L.F. & Bochorny, T. (2016) <em>Behuria</em>, <em>Bertolonia</em>, <em>Cambessedesia</em>, <em>Huberia</em> e <em>Mouriri</em>, e chave para identificação de gêneros de Melastomataceae no Estado do Paraná. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 67: 445–454. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201667215</p>
<p>Google (2022) <em>Google Earth Pro version 7.3.4.8248</em> (64-bit). Available from: https://www.google.com/intl/pt-BR/earth/versions/#earth-pro (accessed 2 February 2022).</p>
<p>Guimarães, P.J.F. (1997) <em>Estudos taxonômicos de Tibouchina sect. Pleroma (D. Don) Cogn. (Melastomataceae).</em> Phd-thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 191 pp. Available from: http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315439 (accessed 11 January 2022)</p>
<p>Guimarães, P.J.F. & Oliveira, C.M.S. (2009) <em>Tibouchina</em> Aubl. <em>In</em>: Martins, S.E., Wanderley, M.G.L., Shepherd, G.J., Giulietti, A.M., Melhem, T.S. (Eds.) <em>Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo, v.6</em>. Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, pp. 127–149.</p>
<p>Guimarães, P.J.F., Michelangeli, F.A., Sosa, K. & Gomez, J.R.S. (2019) Systematics of <em>Tibouchina</em> and allies (Melastomataceae: Melastomateae): a new taxonomic classification. <em>Taxon</em> 68: 937–1002. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12151</p>
<p>Hickey, M. & King, C. (2000) The Cambridge Illustrated Glossary of Botanical Terms. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 208 pp.</p>
<p>Hijmans, R.J., Guarino, L. & Mathur, P. (2012) DIVA-GIS, Version 7.5: a geographic information system for the analysis of species distribution data. Available from: http://www.diva-gis.org (accessed 14 August 2021).</p>
<p>IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2012) Manual Técnico da Vegetação Brasileira, nº1, 2ª ed. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro. 271 pp.</p>
<p>IUCN–International Union for Conservation of Nature (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines (accessed 12 February 2022).</p>
<p>Jussieu, A.L. de (1789) <em>Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita</em>, <em>juxta methodum in horto regio parisiensi exaratum, anno 1774.</em> Apud viduam Herissant et Theophilum Barrois, Paris. 498 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7762</p>
<p>Markgraf, F. (1927) Plantae Luetzelburgianae brasiliensis VII. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem </em>10: 43–54. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994816</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S., Guimarães, P.J.F. & Goldenberg, R. (2009) Uma nova espécie de <em>Tibouchina</em> Aubl. (Melastomataceae) e notas taxonômicas sobre o gênero no Estado do Paraná, Brasil. <em>Hoehnea</em> 36: 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2236-89062009000100008</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S., Guimarães, P.J.F. & Goldenberg, R. (2010a) <em>Tibouchina</em> (Melastomataceae) do estado do Paraná, Brasil. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 61: 615–638. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201061405</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S., Guimarães, P.J.F. & Kozera, C. (2010b) Uma nova espécie de <em>Tibouchina</em> Aubl. (Melastomataceae), endêmica do Paraná, Brasil. <em>Revista Brasileira de Botânica </em>33: 265–269.</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S. & Goldenberg, R. (2012) <em>Aciotis</em>, <em>Acisanthera</em>, <em>Marcetia</em>, <em>Microlepis</em>, <em>Pterolepis</em> e <em>Siphanthera </em>(Melastomataceae, Melastomeae) no Estado do Paraná, Brasil. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 63: 293–303. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2175-78602012000200005</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S. & Goldenberg, R. (2014) Two new species of <em>Pleroma</em> (Melastomataceae: Melastomeae) from Brazil. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 69: 9527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-014-9527-8</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S., Meirelles, J., Caddah, M.K. & Goldenberg, R. (2012) Novos registros para a família Melastomataceae nos Estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina, Brasil. <em>Hoehnea</em> 39: 339–345. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2236-89062012000200011</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S. & Matos, F.B. (2017) The recognition of <em>Tibouchina setosociliata</em> Cogn. (Melastomataceae, Melastomeae) and its transfer to <em>Pleroma</em> D. Don. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 305: 201–208. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.305.3.7</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S. & Goldenberg, R. (2016) Four new species of <em>Chaetogastra</em> (Melastomeae, Melastomataceae) from Southern. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 282: 239–258. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.282.4.1</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S., Goldenberg, R. & Kollmann, L.J.C. (2016) Three new species of <em>Pleroma</em> (Melastomataceae) from Inselbergs of Espírito Santo, Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 282: 197–210. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.282.3.3</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S., Kollmann, L.J.C., Fraga, C.N. & Goldenberg, R. (2018) Four new rupicolous species of <em>Pleroma</em> (Melastomataceae) endemic to Espírito Santo, Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 384: 235–253. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.348.4.1</p>
<p>Meyer, F.S. & Goldenberg, R. (2021) <em>Chaetogastra cogniauxiana</em> (Melastomataceae), a new Brazilian species from the <em>Chaetogastra gracilis</em> complex. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 511: 261–274. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.511.3.5</p>
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