Abstract
Euploca riochiquensis is described and illustrated as a species new to science endemic to the Rio Chico valley in Chuquisaca, Bolivia. Morphologically it resembles E. lagoense in its solitary axillary flowers but differs conspicuously in its shrubby habit. Its phylogenetic position, conservation status and distribution are discussed.
References
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<p>Boraginales Working Group (BWG) (2016) Familial classification of the Boraginales. <em>Taxon </em>65 (3): 502–522. https://doi.org/10.12705/653.5</p>
<p>Brown, R. (1810) <em>Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae van-Diemen</em>. Richard Taylor & Co., London, 590 pp.</p>
<p>Chamisso, L.K.A. von (1833) Spicilegium plantarum e familiis jam prius recensitis … a Sellowio: Asperifolia. <em>Linnaea</em> 8 (1): 113–130.</p>
<p>Diane, N., Hilger, H.H., Förther, H., Weigend, M. & Luebert, F. (2016) Heliotropiaceae.<em> In: </em>Kadereit, J. & Bittrich, V. (Eds.) <em>Flowering Plants. Eudicots. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants</em>, vol. 14. Springer, Cham. pp. 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28534-4_17</p>
<p>Endlicher, S.L. (1839) <em>Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita</em> F.R. Beck, Wien, 1484 pp.</p>
<p>Epling, C.C. & Játiva, C.D. (1966) Supplementary Notes on American Labiatae IX. <em>Brittonia </em>18: 255–265.</p>
<p>Fenzl, E. (1886) Vier neue Pflanzenarten Süd-Amerikas. <em>Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien</em> 36: 287–294.</p>
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<p>Frohlich, M.W., Sage, R.F., Craven, L.A., Schuster, S., Gigot, G., Hilger, H.H., Akhani, H. , Mahdavi, P., Luebert, F., Weigend, M., Thulin, M., Doyle, J.J., Doyle, J.L., Vogan, P., Firrest, A., Fulcher, T.K., Devey, D.S. & Chase, M.W. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics of Euploca (Boraginaceae): homoplasy in many characters, including the C4 photosynthetic pathway. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society</em> 198: 1–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab082</p>
<p>Goyder, D.J. (2008) <em>Funastrum rupicola</em> (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae), a new species from Bolivia. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 63: 331–333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-008-9019-9</p>
<p>Harms, H.A.T. (1908) Legumnosae andinae. In I. Urban, Plantae novae andinae imprimis Weberbauerianae IV. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> 42: 88–97.</p>
<p>Hilger, H.H. & Diane, N. (2003) A systematic analysis of Heliotropiaceae (Boraginales) based on <em>trn</em>L and ITS1 sequence data. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> 125: 19–51. https://doi.org/10.1127/0006-8152/2003/0125-0019</p>
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<p>IUCN (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria, version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission.</p>
<p>Johnston, I.M. (1928) Studies in the Boraginaceae–VII. 1. The South American species of <em>Heliotropium</em>. <em>Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University</em> 81: 3–72.</p>
<p>Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M. & Beck, S.G. (eds.) (2014) <em>Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia</em>, 2 vols. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St Louis, 1741 pp.</p>
<p>Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B.Q., Wong, T.K.F., von Haeseler, A. & Jermiin, L.S. (2017) ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. <em>Nature Methods</em> 14 (6): 587–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285</p>
<p>Killeen, T.J., García E., E. & Beck, S.G. (1993) <em>Guía de Arboles de Bolivia.</em> Herbario Nacional de Bolivia and Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, 958 pp.</p>
<p>Kunth, C.S. (1819) <em>In:</em> Humboldt, F.W.H. von, Bonpland, A.J.A. & Kunth, C.S. <em>Nova genera et species plantarum</em>, vol. 3. Librarie Grecque-Latine-allemande, Paris. 356 pp.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>, vol 1. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm. 560 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1759) <em>Systema Naturae</em> (ed. 10), vol. 2. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm. 559 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542</p>
<p>Madden, T. (2002) <em>The BLAST sequence analysis tool</em>. Published online. https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (accessed 1 November 2021)</p>
<p>Melo, J.I.M. (2017) New combinations in Euploca Nutt. (Heliotropiaceae) from Mexico and Central America. <em>Harvard Papers in Botany</em> 22 (2): 125–126. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v22iss2.2017.n5</p>
<p>Miller, J.S., Nee, M. & Maldonado, C. (2014) Boraginaceae.<em> In: </em>Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M. & Beck, S.G. (eds.) <em>Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia </em>1. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St Louis. pp. 403–411.</p>
<p>Miller, J.S. & Wood, J.R.I. (2008) New Boraginaceae from Tropical America 6: A new species of <em>Varronia</em> from Bolivia. <em>Novon</em> 18: 86–89. https://doi.org/10.3417/2006004</p>
<p>Muñoz-Rodríguez, P., Carruthers, T., Wood, J.R.I., Williams, B.R.M., Weitemier, K., Kronmiller, B., Goodwin, Z., Sumadijaya, A., Anglin, N.L., Filer, D., Harris, D., Rausher, M.D., Kelly, S., Liston, A., Scotland, R.W. (2019) A taxonomic monograph of <em>Ipomoea</em> integrated across phylogenetic scales. <em>Nature Plants</em> 5: 1136–1144; supplementary information 1–49. https://doi:10.1038/s41477-019-0535-4</p>
<p>Nuttall, T. (1837) Collections towards a flora of the territory of Arkansas. <em>Transactions of the American Philosophical Society</em>, ser. 2, 5: 137–203. https://doi.org/10.2307/1004943</p>
<p>Persoon, C.H. (1805) <em>Synopsis Plantarum</em>, vol. 1. Carol. Frid. Cramerum, Paris. 546 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.638</p>
<p>POWOL (2020) <em>Plants of the World Online. </em>Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew<em>.</em> Published online at: http://plantsoftheworldonline.org (accessed 19 April 2022)</p>
<p>Rauh, W. (1978) <em>Tillandsia lotteae</em>. <em>Journal of the Bromeliad Society </em>28: 263–266.</p>
<p>Scheepen, J. van (1997)<em> In: </em>Meerow, A.W., Van Scheepen, J. & Dutilh, J.H.A. Transfers from <em>Amaryllis</em> to <em>Hippeastrum</em> (Amaryllidaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 46: 15–19. https://doi.org/10.2307/1224287</p>
<p>Seigler, D.S. & Ebinger, J.E. (2006) American species of <em>Senegalia</em>. <em>Phytologia</em> 88 (1): 48–93. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.17845</p>
<p>Small, J.K. (1933) Manual of the southeastern flora. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. 1154 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.696</p>
<p>Smith, L.B. (1964) Notes on Bromeliaceae XXII. <em>Phytologia</em> 13: 454–488. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.21852</p>
<p>Smith, L.B. (1966) Notes on Bromeliaceae XXIII.<em> Phytologia</em> 13: 84–161. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.21846</p>
<p>Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards) Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since]. [https://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/]</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2022) Index Herbariorum. A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff.—New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih (accessed 15 January 2022)</p>
<p>Trifinopoulos, J., Nguyen, L.-T., von Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2016) W-IQ-TREE: a fast online phylogenetic tool for Maximum Likelihood analysis. <em>Nucleic Acids Research</em> 44 (W1): W232–W235. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw256</p>
<p>Ulloa Ulloa, C., Acevedo-Rodríguez, P., Beck, S.G., Belgrano, M.J., Bernal González, R., Berry, P.E., Brako, L., Celis, M., Davidse, G., Gradstein, S.R.., Hokche, O., León, B., León-Yánez, S., Magill, R.E., Neill, D.A., Nee, M.H., Raven, P.H., Stimmel, H., Strong, M.T., Villaseñor Ríos, J.L., Zarucchi, J.L.,Zuloaga, F.O. & Jørgensen, P.M. (2017) An integrated assessment of vascular plants species of the Americas. <em>Science </em>358: 1614–1617. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao0398</p>
<p>Vahl, M. (1794) <em>Symbolae Botanicae</em>, vol. 3. N. Möller et filius, Copenhagen, 106 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.57641</p>
<p>Vatke, G. (1882) Plantas in itinere africano ab J.M.Hildebrandt collectas determinare pergit. <em>Linnaea</em> 43 (5–6): 305–340.</p>
<p>Wasshausen, D.C. & Excurra, C. (1997) New names and new combinations in Justicia sects. Simonisia, Plagiacanthus and Orthotactus (Acanthaceae) from southern South America. <em>Candollea </em>52: 171–179.</p>
<p>Wood, J.R.I. (2007) The Salvias (Lamiaceae) of Bolivia. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 62: 177–222. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/20443346]</p>
<p>Wood, J.R.I. (2008) A Revision of <em>Tecoma</em> Juss. (Bignoniaceae) in Bolivia. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society</em> 156: 143–172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00731.x</p>
<p>Wood, J.R.I. (2013) <em>Bonamia</em> (Convolvulaceae) in Bolivia. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 68: 249–260. https://doi: 10.1007/S12225-013-9452-2</p>
<p>Boraginales Working Group (BWG) (2016) Familial classification of the Boraginales. <em>Taxon </em>65 (3): 502–522. https://doi.org/10.12705/653.5</p>
<p>Brown, R. (1810) <em>Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae van-Diemen</em>. Richard Taylor & Co., London, 590 pp.</p>
<p>Chamisso, L.K.A. von (1833) Spicilegium plantarum e familiis jam prius recensitis … a Sellowio: Asperifolia. <em>Linnaea</em> 8 (1): 113–130.</p>
<p>Diane, N., Hilger, H.H., Förther, H., Weigend, M. & Luebert, F. (2016) Heliotropiaceae.<em> In: </em>Kadereit, J. & Bittrich, V. (Eds.) <em>Flowering Plants. Eudicots. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants</em>, vol. 14. Springer, Cham. pp. 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28534-4_17</p>
<p>Endlicher, S.L. (1839) <em>Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita</em> F.R. Beck, Wien, 1484 pp.</p>
<p>Epling, C.C. & Játiva, C.D. (1966) Supplementary Notes on American Labiatae IX. <em>Brittonia </em>18: 255–265.</p>
<p>Fenzl, E. (1886) Vier neue Pflanzenarten Süd-Amerikas. <em>Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien</em> 36: 287–294.</p>
<p>Frohlich, M.W., Thulin, M. & Chase, M.W. (2020) Ninety three new combinations in <em>Euploca</em> for species of <em>Heliotropium</em> section Orthostachys (Boraginaceae sensu APG). <em>Phytotaxa </em>434 (1): 13–21. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.2</p>
<p>Frohlich, M.W., Sage, R.F., Craven, L.A., Schuster, S., Gigot, G., Hilger, H.H., Akhani, H. , Mahdavi, P., Luebert, F., Weigend, M., Thulin, M., Doyle, J.J., Doyle, J.L., Vogan, P., Firrest, A., Fulcher, T.K., Devey, D.S. & Chase, M.W. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics of Euploca (Boraginaceae): homoplasy in many characters, including the C4 photosynthetic pathway. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society</em> 198: 1–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab082</p>
<p>Goyder, D.J. (2008) <em>Funastrum rupicola</em> (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae), a new species from Bolivia. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 63: 331–333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-008-9019-9</p>
<p>Harms, H.A.T. (1908) Legumnosae andinae. In I. Urban, Plantae novae andinae imprimis Weberbauerianae IV. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> 42: 88–97.</p>
<p>Hilger, H.H. & Diane, N. (2003) A systematic analysis of Heliotropiaceae (Boraginales) based on <em>trn</em>L and ITS1 sequence data. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> 125: 19–51. https://doi.org/10.1127/0006-8152/2003/0125-0019</p>
<p>Hromadnik, L. (1989) <em>Tillandsia oropezana</em> L. Hromadnik spec. nov. <em>Bromelie</em> 1989 (1): 14–17.</p>
<p>Hromadnik, L. (1990) <em>Tillandsia helmuttii</em> L. Hromadnik, spec. nov. <em>Bromelie </em>1990 (3): 63–65.</p>
<p>IUCN (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria, version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission.</p>
<p>Johnston, I.M. (1928) Studies in the Boraginaceae–VII. 1. The South American species of <em>Heliotropium</em>. <em>Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University</em> 81: 3–72.</p>
<p>Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M. & Beck, S.G. (eds.) (2014) <em>Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia</em>, 2 vols. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St Louis, 1741 pp.</p>
<p>Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B.Q., Wong, T.K.F., von Haeseler, A. & Jermiin, L.S. (2017) ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. <em>Nature Methods</em> 14 (6): 587–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285</p>
<p>Killeen, T.J., García E., E. & Beck, S.G. (1993) <em>Guía de Arboles de Bolivia.</em> Herbario Nacional de Bolivia and Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, 958 pp.</p>
<p>Kunth, C.S. (1819) <em>In:</em> Humboldt, F.W.H. von, Bonpland, A.J.A. & Kunth, C.S. <em>Nova genera et species plantarum</em>, vol. 3. Librarie Grecque-Latine-allemande, Paris. 356 pp.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>, vol 1. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm. 560 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1759) <em>Systema Naturae</em> (ed. 10), vol. 2. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm. 559 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542</p>
<p>Madden, T. (2002) <em>The BLAST sequence analysis tool</em>. Published online. https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (accessed 1 November 2021)</p>
<p>Melo, J.I.M. (2017) New combinations in Euploca Nutt. (Heliotropiaceae) from Mexico and Central America. <em>Harvard Papers in Botany</em> 22 (2): 125–126. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v22iss2.2017.n5</p>
<p>Miller, J.S., Nee, M. & Maldonado, C. (2014) Boraginaceae.<em> In: </em>Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M. & Beck, S.G. (eds.) <em>Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia </em>1. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St Louis. pp. 403–411.</p>
<p>Miller, J.S. & Wood, J.R.I. (2008) New Boraginaceae from Tropical America 6: A new species of <em>Varronia</em> from Bolivia. <em>Novon</em> 18: 86–89. https://doi.org/10.3417/2006004</p>
<p>Muñoz-Rodríguez, P., Carruthers, T., Wood, J.R.I., Williams, B.R.M., Weitemier, K., Kronmiller, B., Goodwin, Z., Sumadijaya, A., Anglin, N.L., Filer, D., Harris, D., Rausher, M.D., Kelly, S., Liston, A., Scotland, R.W. (2019) A taxonomic monograph of <em>Ipomoea</em> integrated across phylogenetic scales. <em>Nature Plants</em> 5: 1136–1144; supplementary information 1–49. https://doi:10.1038/s41477-019-0535-4</p>
<p>Nuttall, T. (1837) Collections towards a flora of the territory of Arkansas. <em>Transactions of the American Philosophical Society</em>, ser. 2, 5: 137–203. https://doi.org/10.2307/1004943</p>
<p>Persoon, C.H. (1805) <em>Synopsis Plantarum</em>, vol. 1. Carol. Frid. Cramerum, Paris. 546 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.638</p>
<p>POWOL (2020) <em>Plants of the World Online. </em>Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew<em>.</em> Published online at: http://plantsoftheworldonline.org (accessed 19 April 2022)</p>
<p>Rauh, W. (1978) <em>Tillandsia lotteae</em>. <em>Journal of the Bromeliad Society </em>28: 263–266.</p>
<p>Scheepen, J. van (1997)<em> In: </em>Meerow, A.W., Van Scheepen, J. & Dutilh, J.H.A. Transfers from <em>Amaryllis</em> to <em>Hippeastrum</em> (Amaryllidaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 46: 15–19. https://doi.org/10.2307/1224287</p>
<p>Seigler, D.S. & Ebinger, J.E. (2006) American species of <em>Senegalia</em>. <em>Phytologia</em> 88 (1): 48–93. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.17845</p>
<p>Small, J.K. (1933) Manual of the southeastern flora. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. 1154 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.696</p>
<p>Smith, L.B. (1964) Notes on Bromeliaceae XXII. <em>Phytologia</em> 13: 454–488. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.21852</p>
<p>Smith, L.B. (1966) Notes on Bromeliaceae XXIII.<em> Phytologia</em> 13: 84–161. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.21846</p>
<p>Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards) Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since]. [https://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/]</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2022) Index Herbariorum. A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff.—New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih (accessed 15 January 2022)</p>
<p>Trifinopoulos, J., Nguyen, L.-T., von Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2016) W-IQ-TREE: a fast online phylogenetic tool for Maximum Likelihood analysis. <em>Nucleic Acids Research</em> 44 (W1): W232–W235. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw256</p>
<p>Ulloa Ulloa, C., Acevedo-Rodríguez, P., Beck, S.G., Belgrano, M.J., Bernal González, R., Berry, P.E., Brako, L., Celis, M., Davidse, G., Gradstein, S.R.., Hokche, O., León, B., León-Yánez, S., Magill, R.E., Neill, D.A., Nee, M.H., Raven, P.H., Stimmel, H., Strong, M.T., Villaseñor Ríos, J.L., Zarucchi, J.L.,Zuloaga, F.O. & Jørgensen, P.M. (2017) An integrated assessment of vascular plants species of the Americas. <em>Science </em>358: 1614–1617. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao0398</p>
<p>Vahl, M. (1794) <em>Symbolae Botanicae</em>, vol. 3. N. Möller et filius, Copenhagen, 106 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.57641</p>
<p>Vatke, G. (1882) Plantas in itinere africano ab J.M.Hildebrandt collectas determinare pergit. <em>Linnaea</em> 43 (5–6): 305–340.</p>
<p>Wasshausen, D.C. & Excurra, C. (1997) New names and new combinations in Justicia sects. Simonisia, Plagiacanthus and Orthotactus (Acanthaceae) from southern South America. <em>Candollea </em>52: 171–179.</p>
<p>Wood, J.R.I. (2007) The Salvias (Lamiaceae) of Bolivia. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 62: 177–222. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/20443346]</p>
<p>Wood, J.R.I. (2008) A Revision of <em>Tecoma</em> Juss. (Bignoniaceae) in Bolivia. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society</em> 156: 143–172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00731.x</p>
<p>Wood, J.R.I. (2013) <em>Bonamia</em> (Convolvulaceae) in Bolivia. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 68: 249–260. https://doi: 10.1007/S12225-013-9452-2</p>