Abstract
This paper describes four new species and proposes a new synonym of Myrtaceae of particular relevance for the flora of Sergipe and Bahia, Brazil, either within Eugenia L. or Myrcia DC. The occurrence of Myrcianthes pseudomato (D.Legrand) McVaugh, the first species of the genus to be registered in Sergipe and the second species of the genus for Northeastern Brazil is noted, and a short description of the fruits of Eugenia brejoensis Mazine, described in 2008 based on flowering material only is also provided.