Abstract
Anemoclema (Franch.) W.T.Wang, a monotypic genus endemic to Hengduan Mountains in southwestern China, only contains Anemoclema glaucifolium (Franch.) W.T.Wang. Because Anemoclema has specific pinnatisect and penninerved leaves and spinulose pollen grains, Wang (1964) proposed that Anemone sect. Anemoclema Franch. should be separated from Anemone L. as an independent genus. Wang’s treatment is also supported by results of karyotype (Zhang & Gong 2002) and molecular phylogeny (Wang et al. 2009; Jiang 2010).