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Issue: Vol. 668 No. 1: 10 Oct. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-10-10
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.668.1.4
Page range: 63-80
Abstract views: 435
PDF downloaded: 12

Ceratozamia guatemalensis (Zamiaceae): A new cycad species from Mesoamerica

Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva, Herbario Eizi Matuda, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29039, Mexico
Jardín Botánico “Araceario Thomas B. Croat”, s/n, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Centro de Estudios Conservacionistas de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, Ciudad de Guatemala,01010, Guatemala
Centro Universitario de Oriente, Chiquimula 20001, Guatemala
Escuela Técnica de Formación Forestal, Zona 3, Cantón San Sebastián, Jacaltenango, Guatemala
Centro Universitario del Nor Occidente, Huehuetenango 13001, Guatemala
RIKEN Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
endangered species Guatemalan flora Quercus-Pinus forest morphological variation species complex Gymnosperms

Abstract

Ceratozamia guatemalensis, a new cycad species from the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, Huehuetenango, Guatemala, is described and compared with the geographically proximal congeners C. vovidesii and C. matudae, with which C. guatemalensis has been historically confused based on their pendulous seed cones, a rare trait in the genus. Nonetheless, a recent phylogenetic study suggests that C. guatemalensis and C. vovidesii are sister species, while C. matudae belongs to distant clade. The new taxon is easily distinguishable from both C. vovidesii and C. matudae by qualitative and quantitative traits based on vegetative and reproductive structures. Remarkably, C. guatemalensis is characterized by having significant morphometric differences from the other two species, such as the wider median leaflets and wider leaflet articulations, and qualitative traits such as the seed cones of green color. The description of C. guatemalensis represents the recognition of the first endemic Ceratozamia species from Guatemala. It should be considered Critically Endangered (CR) due to limited populations and the ongoing destruction of its habitat.

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