Abstract
Impatiens parvifolia (Balsaminaceae) is recollected from the type locality and adjacent to the type locality after almost 160 years in addition to the resurrection of a less-known endemic species, I. omissa as a distinct species from the former based on detailed morphological study of type specimens deposited in different herbaria and fresh collections from the type locality. Further, the taxonomy of both species is discussed here with a detailed description, colour photographs, illustrations, and a taxonomic key showing distinguishing characters between these species.
References
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Arigela, R.K., Singh, R.K. & Rajasekar, C. (2023) Taxonomy and Typification of Indian Endemic <em>Impatiens goughii</em> (Balsaminaceae). <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 60 (1): 43–59. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.060.0107</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barnes, E. (1939) The species of Geraniaceae occurring on the Travancore high range including the description of a new balsam. <em>The Journal of the Indian Botanical Society</em> 18: 95–105.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Beddome, R.H. (1859) The Genus <em>Impatiens</em>.—Description of new species from the Anamallay Hills. <em>Madras Journal of Literature and Science </em>20: 66–74.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Beddome, R.H. (1874) <em>Icones Plantarum Indiae Orientalis</em>. Gantz Brothers, Madras, t. 140–153.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bhaskar, V. & Razi, B.A. (1978) Studies in South Indian <em>Impatiens</em> L.–General. <em>Indian Journal of Forestry</em> 1: 191–198.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bhaskar, V. (2012) <em>Taxonomic Monograph on Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) of Western Ghats, South India: The Key Genus for Endemism.</em> Centre for plant taxonomic studies, Bangalore, pp. 1–283.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Chandrabose, M. & Nair, N.C. (1988) <em>Flora of Coimbatore</em>. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, 356 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gogoi, R., Upadhyay, A.K. & Rathakrishnan, N.C. (2020b) Balsaminaceae. <em>In</em>: <em>Flowering Plants of India</em>, vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Grey-Wilson, C. (1980) <em>Impatiens of Africa</em>. Rotterdam: Balkema.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hooker, J.D. (1906) An epitome of the British Indian species of <em>Impatiens</em>. <em>Records of the Botanical Survey of India </em>4 (3): 37–58.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hooker, J.D. (1911) Indian species of <em>Impatiens</em>. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew </em>1911 (9): 353–356. https://doi.org/10.2307/4113270</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Janssens, S.B., Knox, E.B., Huysmans, S., Smets, E.F. & Merckx, V.S.F.T. (2009) Rapid radiation of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae) during Pliocene and Pleistocene: Result of a global climate change. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 52: 806–824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.013</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jeevith, S., Arigela, R.K., Singh, R.K.,Kabeer, K.A., Rajasekar, C. & Kunhikannan, C. (2022) The checklist of <em>Impatiens </em>Riv. ex L. (Balsaminaceae) in Nilgiri and Palani Hills of southern Western Ghats (India). <em>Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae </em>7: XX–XX. https://doi.org/10.24917/25438832.7.x</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Linnaeus, C. (1753)<em> Species Plantarum</em>, vol. 2. Salvius, Stockholm, 937 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mani, B., Thomas, S. & Brittto, S.J. (2020) A new species of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae) and rediscovery of <em>Impatiens aliciae</em> from the Western Ghats of India. <em>Taiwania </em>65 (4): 451‒455. https://dx.doi.org/10.6165/tai.2020.65.451</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">POWO (2022) “Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed: 28 February 2022)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rathakrishnan, N.C., Vivekananthan, K. & Nair, V.J (2005) Balsaminaceae. <em>In</em>: Daniel, P. (Ed.) <em>The flora of Kerala</em>, vol.1. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ruchisansakun, S., van der Niet, T., Janssens, S.B., Triboun, P., Techaprasan, J., Jenjittikul, T. & Suksathan, P. (2015) Phylogenetic Analyses of Molecular Data and Reconstruction of Morphological Character Evolution in Asian <em>Impatiens</em> section <em>Semeiocardium</em> (Balsaminaceae). <em>Systematic Botany</em> 40: 1063–1074. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364415X690102</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sasidharan, N. (2011) Flowering Plants of Kerala, version 2.0. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi (CD-ROM).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Singh, R.K. (2016) Typification of thirty six names of thirty five recognized taxa in <em>Impatiens </em>(Balsaminaceae), endemic to Western Ghats. <em>Phytotaxa </em>268 (3): 167–180. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.268.3.1</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stevens, P.F. (2012) <em>Angiosperm Phylogeny Website</em>, version 12. Available from: http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/ (accessed: 10 November 2021).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F.(2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. </em>Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wight, R. (1839) <em>Illustrations of Indian Botany</em>, vol. 1. J.B. Pharoah, Madras, 160 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Yuan, Y.M., Song, Y., Geuten, K., Rahelivololona, E., Wohlhauser, S., Fischer, E., Smets, E. & Küpfer, P. (2004) Phylogeny and biogeography of Balsaminaceae inferred from ITS sequence data. <em>Taxon</em> 53: 391–404. https://doi.org/10.2307/4135617</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barnes, E. (1939) The species of Geraniaceae occurring on the Travancore high range including the description of a new balsam. <em>The Journal of the Indian Botanical Society</em> 18: 95–105.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Beddome, R.H. (1859) The Genus <em>Impatiens</em>.—Description of new species from the Anamallay Hills. <em>Madras Journal of Literature and Science </em>20: 66–74.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Beddome, R.H. (1874) <em>Icones Plantarum Indiae Orientalis</em>. Gantz Brothers, Madras, t. 140–153.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bhaskar, V. & Razi, B.A. (1978) Studies in South Indian <em>Impatiens</em> L.–General. <em>Indian Journal of Forestry</em> 1: 191–198.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bhaskar, V. (2012) <em>Taxonomic Monograph on Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) of Western Ghats, South India: The Key Genus for Endemism.</em> Centre for plant taxonomic studies, Bangalore, pp. 1–283.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Chandrabose, M. & Nair, N.C. (1988) <em>Flora of Coimbatore</em>. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, 356 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gogoi, R., Upadhyay, A.K. & Rathakrishnan, N.C. (2020b) Balsaminaceae. <em>In</em>: <em>Flowering Plants of India</em>, vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Grey-Wilson, C. (1980) <em>Impatiens of Africa</em>. Rotterdam: Balkema.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hooker, J.D. (1906) An epitome of the British Indian species of <em>Impatiens</em>. <em>Records of the Botanical Survey of India </em>4 (3): 37–58.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hooker, J.D. (1911) Indian species of <em>Impatiens</em>. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew </em>1911 (9): 353–356. https://doi.org/10.2307/4113270</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Janssens, S.B., Knox, E.B., Huysmans, S., Smets, E.F. & Merckx, V.S.F.T. (2009) Rapid radiation of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae) during Pliocene and Pleistocene: Result of a global climate change. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 52: 806–824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.013</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jeevith, S., Arigela, R.K., Singh, R.K.,Kabeer, K.A., Rajasekar, C. & Kunhikannan, C. (2022) The checklist of <em>Impatiens </em>Riv. ex L. (Balsaminaceae) in Nilgiri and Palani Hills of southern Western Ghats (India). <em>Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae </em>7: XX–XX. https://doi.org/10.24917/25438832.7.x</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Linnaeus, C. (1753)<em> Species Plantarum</em>, vol. 2. Salvius, Stockholm, 937 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mani, B., Thomas, S. & Brittto, S.J. (2020) A new species of <em>Impatiens</em> (Balsaminaceae) and rediscovery of <em>Impatiens aliciae</em> from the Western Ghats of India. <em>Taiwania </em>65 (4): 451‒455. https://dx.doi.org/10.6165/tai.2020.65.451</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">POWO (2022) “Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed: 28 February 2022)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rathakrishnan, N.C., Vivekananthan, K. & Nair, V.J (2005) Balsaminaceae. <em>In</em>: Daniel, P. (Ed.) <em>The flora of Kerala</em>, vol.1. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ruchisansakun, S., van der Niet, T., Janssens, S.B., Triboun, P., Techaprasan, J., Jenjittikul, T. & Suksathan, P. (2015) Phylogenetic Analyses of Molecular Data and Reconstruction of Morphological Character Evolution in Asian <em>Impatiens</em> section <em>Semeiocardium</em> (Balsaminaceae). <em>Systematic Botany</em> 40: 1063–1074. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364415X690102</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sasidharan, N. (2011) Flowering Plants of Kerala, version 2.0. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi (CD-ROM).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Singh, R.K. (2016) Typification of thirty six names of thirty five recognized taxa in <em>Impatiens </em>(Balsaminaceae), endemic to Western Ghats. <em>Phytotaxa </em>268 (3): 167–180. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.268.3.1</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stevens, P.F. (2012) <em>Angiosperm Phylogeny Website</em>, version 12. Available from: http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/ (accessed: 10 November 2021).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F.(2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. </em>Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wight, R. (1839) <em>Illustrations of Indian Botany</em>, vol. 1. J.B. Pharoah, Madras, 160 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Yuan, Y.M., Song, Y., Geuten, K., Rahelivololona, E., Wohlhauser, S., Fischer, E., Smets, E. & Küpfer, P. (2004) Phylogeny and biogeography of Balsaminaceae inferred from ITS sequence data. <em>Taxon</em> 53: 391–404. https://doi.org/10.2307/4135617</span></span></span></p>