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Issue: Vol. 588 No. 1: 20 March 2023
Type: Monograph
Published: 2023-03-20
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.588.1.1
Page range: 1-67
Abstract views: 222
PDF downloaded: 10

Taxonomic Revision of Cuphea sect. Trispermum s.l. (Lythraceae)

Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, 70770-917, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
Endemic species new species monophyletic section taxonomy threatened species Eudicots

Abstract

Cuphea sect. Trispermum, one of the 13 sections of the genus, underwent a new circumscription after morphological, ecological, and molecular studies. A total of 20 species and two varieties are recognized in the section, including three new described species (C. araguaiaensis, C. auriflora, and C. praetermissa) and six species transferred from other sections. Eleven taxa were synonymized and 28 lectotypes were designated. The nectary at the base of the ovary deflexed, convex in the dorsal region, concave ventrally, three ovules, obtuse margin seeds, and pollen with the exine thickened between the pores are synapomorphies of C. sect. Trispermum, proving to be monophyletic after a broader definition. Representatives are found in Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, northern South America, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Brazil, where 17 species occur, of which 13 are endemic. They are subshrubs to shrubs that often grow in cerrado sensu stricto, “campos rupestres” and Amazonian savannas. A high degree of narrow endemism is evident, with species restricted to specialized habitats. New information on floral and vegetative morphology, pollen, cytology, and habitat is provided for the section. In addition, keys are accompanied by descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, and preliminary assessment of the conservation status for all taxa.

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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A. &amp; Cavalcanti, T.B. (2013) Taxonomic Revision of </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> sect. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Euandra</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> subsect. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Oidemation </em></span><span style="color: #010003;">(Lythraceae). </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Phytotaxa</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 113 (1): 1-86. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.113.1.1</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A., Cavalcanti, T.B., Beck, S.G. &amp; Jørgensen, P.M. (2014) Lythraceae. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>In</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">: Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. &amp; Beck, S.G. (Eds.) </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 1-6.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A., Freudenstein, J.V. &amp; Luker, M. (2006) A Phylogenetic Study of </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> (Lythraceae) Based on Morphology and Nuclear rDNA ITS Sequences. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Systematic Botany</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 31 (4): 764–778. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364406779696004</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A. &amp; Graham, A. (1971) Palynology and systematics of </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> (Lythraceae). II. Pollen Morphology and Infrageneric Classification. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>American Journal of Botany</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 58 (9): 844–857. https://doi.org/10.2307/2441562</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A. &amp; Graham, A. (2014) Ovary, fruit and seed morphology of the Lythraceae. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>International Journal of Plant Sciences</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 175 (2): 202–240. https://doi.org/10.1086/674316</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A., Hirsinger, F. &amp; Robbelen, G. (1981) Fatty Acids of </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> (Lythraceae) Seed Lipids and Their Systematic Significance. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>American Journal of Botany</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 68 (7): 908–917. https://doi.org/10.2307/2443221</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A. &amp; Kleiman, R. (1985) Fatty acid composition in </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> seed oils from Brazil and Nicaragua. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 62 (1): 81–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02541494</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A. &amp; Kleiman, R. (1992) Composition of seed oils in some Latin American </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> (Lythraceae). </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Industrial Crops and Products</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 1 (1): 31–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/0926-6690(92)90042-T</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A. &amp; Knapp, S.J. (1989) </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">: A new plant source of medium-chain fatty acids. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 28 (2): 139–173. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398909527495</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Graham, S.A., Pinheiro Coelho José, G., Murad, A.M., Rech, E.L., Cavalcanti, T.B. &amp; Inglis, P.W. (2016) Patterns of fatty acid composition in seed oils of </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">, with new records from Brazil and Mexico. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Industrial Crops and Products</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 87: 379–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.04.008</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Grisebach, A. (1866) </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Catalogus plantarum cubensium exhibens collectionem Wrightianam aliasque minores ex insula Cuba missas</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">. Apud Guilielmum Engelmann, Lipsiae, 301 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.177</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Gröger, A. (1994) Analisis preliminar de la florula y vegetacion del Monumento Natural Piedra La Tortuga, Estado Amazonas, Venezuela. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Acta Botánica Venezuelica</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 17: 128–153.</span></span></span></span></p>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Holderbaum, J.M. (2013) WA1093562, </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Augastes lumachella</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> (Lesson, 1838). Wiki Aves: A Enciclopédia das Aves do Brasil. Available from: http://www.wikiaves.com/1093562 (accessed: 06 August 2019).</span></span></span></span></p>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Killeen, T.J. &amp; Schulenberg, T.S. (1998) </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>A Biological Assessment of Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado, Bolivia</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 10. RAP Working Papers Washington, D.C., 372 pp.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Knapp, S.J. (1993) Breakthroughs towards the domestication of </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>In</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">: Janick, J.&amp; Simon, J.E. (Eds.) </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>New Crops</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">. Wiley, New York, pp. 372–379.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Koehne, E. (1874) </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Appendix altera ad indicem seminum in Horto Botanico Berolinensi anno 1873 collectorum. Americani Generis Cupheae</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">. C. Feisteri (L. Mewesii), Berlin.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Koehne, E. (1877) Lythraceae. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>In</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">: Martius, C.F.P. von &amp; Eichler, A. (Eds.) </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Flora Brasiliensis</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 13 (2). Frid. Fleischer, Leipzig, pp. 185–370.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Koehne, E. (1881) Lythraceae monographice describuntur. VI. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Cuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">. Subg. II. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Eucuphea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Botanische Jahrbücher fűr Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 2: 136–176.</span></span></span></span></p>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Koehne, E. (1883) Lythraceae monographice describuntur. Addenda et corrigenda. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Botanische Jahrbücher fűr Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 4: 386–431.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Koehne, E. (1897) Lythraceae adjectis specierum nonnullarum extraamericanarum descriptionibus. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>In</em></span><span style="color: #010003;">: Urban, I. (Ed.) Plantae novae americanae imprimis Glaziovianae. I. </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Botanische Jahrbücher fűr Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 23 (5) (Beiblatt 57): 17–36.</span></span></span></span></p>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #010003;">Lourteig, A. (1996) Taxa Nova Cupheae Browne (Lythraceae). </span><span style="color: #010003;"><em>Bradea</em></span><span style="color: #010003;"> 8 (5): 27–32.</span></span></span></span></p>
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