Brachysira heteropolaris, a new diatom (Brachysiraceae, Bacillariophyta) species observed in an historic Weissflog slide from Scotland (UK)

BART VAN DE VIJVER

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.587.1.6

Issue: Vol. 587 No. 1: 9 March 2023

Type: Article

Published: 2023-03-09

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.1.6

Page range: 47-52

Abstract views: 81

PDF downloaded: 4

Brachysira heteropolaris, a new diatom (Brachysiraceae, Bacillariophyta) species observed in an historic Weissflog slide from Scotland (UK)

BART VAN DE VIJVER⁺⁻

Meise Botanic Garden, Research Department, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Department of Biology – ECOSPHERE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium

Brachysira Europe historic slide new species Weissflog Algae

Requires Subscription or Fee PDF (2MB)

Abstract

During the analysis of an historic slide of Loch Canmor, Aberdeenshire (Scotland, UK) prepared by Eugene Weissflog and conserved in the Van Heurck collection (BR, Belgium), an unknown, heteropolar Brachysira taxon was observed that could not be identified using the currently available literature. The new species, described as Brachysira heteropolaris sp. nov., is characterised in having a strictly heteropolar, broadly lanceolate valve outline with non-protracted, acutely rounded apices. The new species was observed in a dystrophic-oligotrophic, weakly acidic lake, based on the analysis of the composing diatom flora, dominated by several Brachysira species, Gomphonema coronatum and Encyonopsis cesatii var. geitleri.

References

Anderson, K., Fate, M., Hsieh, Ch.-H. (E.), Kim, L., Lazarus, K., Kociolek, J.P. & Lowe, R.L. (2013) Algal diversity in, and the description of three new diatom (Bacillariophyta) species from, Lake of the Clouds, Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park, Michigan USA. Michigan Botanist 52 (1/2): 3–24.
Bennion, H., Fluin, J. & Simpson, G.L. (2004) Assessing eutrophication and reference conditions for Scottish freshwater lochs using subfossil diatoms. Journal of Applied Ecology 41: 124–138. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2004.00874.x
Cantonati, M., Angeli, N., Arnaud, E., Galbiati, M., Soróczki-Pintér, E. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (2021) A new Brachysira species from mountain lakes in northern Italy and Corsica. Diatom Research 36 (3): 281–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2021.1982778 
Cleve, A. (1895) On recent freshwater diatoms from Lule Lappmark in Sweden. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 21 (Afh. III, 2): 1–44. 
Cleve-Euler, A. (1953) Die Diatomeen von Schweden und Finnland. Teil III. Monoraphideae, Biraphideae 1. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, ser. IV 4 (5): 1–255. 
Compère, P. (1986) Algues récoltées par J. Léonard dans le désert de Libye. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 56 (1/2): 9–50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3667756
Coste, M. & Ricard, M. (1982) Contribution à l‘étude des diatomées d‘eau douce des Séychelles et de l‘Ile Maurice. Cryptogamie, Algologie 3 (4): 279–313.
Cox, E.J. & Ross, R. (1981) The striae of pennate diatoms. In: Ross, R. (ed.) Proceedings of the Sixth Symposium on Recent and Fossil Diatoms. Budapest, September 1–5, 1980. Taxonomy · Morphology · Ecology · Biology. Otto Koeltz, Koenigstein. pp. 267–278.
Ehrenberg, C.G. (1838) Die Infusionsthierchen als vollkommene Organismen. Ein Blick in das tiefere organische Leben der Natur. pp. i–xviii, [1–4], 1–[548], 64 plates. Leipzig: Leopold Voss. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58475
Ehrenberg, C.G. (1840) Characteristik von 274 neuen Arten von Infusorien. Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlich-Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1840: 197–219.
Falasco, F., Bona, F., Badino, G., Hoffmann, L. & Ector, L. (2009) Diatom teratological forms and environmental alterations: a review. Hydrobiologia 623 (1): 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9687-3 
Grunow, A. (1860) Über neue oder ungenügend gekannte Algen. Erste Folge, Diatomeen, Familie Naviculaceen. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 10: 503–582. 
Grunow, A. (1868) Algae. In: Fenzl, E. et al. (Eds.) Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Botanischer Theil. Erster Band. Sporenpflanzen. Wien: Aus der Kaiserlich Königlichen Hof- und Staatsdruckeri in Commission bei Karl Gerold‘s Sohn. pp. 1–104.
Grunow, A. (1878) Algen und Diatomaceen aus dem Kaspischen Meere. In: Schneider, O. (Eds.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Kaukasusländer, auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute. Dresden: Dresden Burdach, pp. 98–132.
Hartley, B. (1986) A check-list of the freshwater, brackish and marine diatoms of the British Isles and adjoining coastal waters. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66 (3): 531–610. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400042235
Hofmann, G., Lange-Bertalot, H., Werum, M. & Klee, R. (2018) Rote Liste und Gesamtartenliste der limnischen Kieselalgen (Bacillariophyta) Deutschlands – In: Metzing, D., Hofbauer, N., Ludwig, G. & Matzke-Hajek, G. (Red.): Rote Liste gefährdeter Tiere, Pflanzen und Pilze Deutschlands. Band 7: Pflanzen. Münster (Landwirtschaftsverlag). Naturschutz und Biologische Vielfalt 70 (7): 601–708.
Kennedy, B. & Allott, N. (2017) A review of the genus Brachysira in Ireland with the description of Brachysira praegeri and Brachysira conamarae, new raphid diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from high status waterbodies. Phytotaxa 326 (1): 1–27. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.326.1.1 
Krammer, K. (1997a) Die cymbelloiden Diatomeen. Eine Monographie der weltweit bekannten Taxa. Teil 1. Allgemeines und Encyonema Part. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 36: 1–382. 
Krammer, K. (1997b) Die cymbelloiden Diatomeen. Eine Monographie der weltweit bekannten Taxa. Teil 2. Encyonema Part., Encyonopsis und Cymbellopsis. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 37: 1–469.
Kützing, F.T. (1844) Die Kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. Nordhausen. pp. 1–152. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.64360
Lang, P., Krokowski, J., Ross, N. & Doughty, R. (2012) The rare green alga Pediastrum privum (Chlorophyta, Sphaeropleales) in a Scottish kettle loch: new to British freshwaters. The Glasgow Naturalist 25: 139–142. 
Lange-Bertalot, H. (2001) Navicula sensu stricto. 10 Genera separated from Navicula sensu lato. Frustulia. Diatoms of Europe 2: 1–526. 
Lange-Bertalot, H. & Moser, G. (1994) Brachysira. Monographie der Gattung und Naviculadicta nov. gen. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 29: 1–212.
Lange-Bertalot, H., Hofmann, G., Werum, M. & Cantonati, M. (2017) Freshwater benthic diatoms of Central Europe: over 800 common species used in ecological assessment. English edition with updated taxonomy and added species. Schmitten-Oberreifenberg: Koeltz Botanical Books; p. 1–942.
Lyngbye, H.C. (1819) Tentamen hydrophytologiae danicae continens omnia hydrophyta cryptogama Daniae, Holsatiae, Faeroae, Islandiae, Groenlandiae hucusque cognita, systematice disposita, descripta et iconibus illustrata, adjectis simul speciebus norvegicis. pp. [i]-xxxii, [1]-248, 70 pls. Hafniae [Copenhagen]: typis Schultzianis, in commissis Librariae Gyldendaliae. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6079
Meister, F. (1912) Die Kieselalgen der Schweiz. Beitrage zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz. Matériaux pour la flore cryptogamique suisse. Vol. IV, fasc. 1. pp. [i]–vi, [1]–254.
Metzeltin, D. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (1998) Tropical diatoms of South America I. About 700 predominantly rarely known or new taxa representative of the neotropical flora. Tropische Diatomeen in Südamerika I. 700 überwiegend wenig bekannte oder neue Taxa repräsentativ als Elemente der neotropischen Flora. Iconographia Diatomologica 5:1–695.
Metzeltin, D. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (2007) Tropical diatoms of South America II. Special remarks on biogeography disjunction. Iconographia Diatomologica 18: 1–876.
Moser, G., Lange-Bertalot, H. & Metzeltin, D. (1998) Insel der Endemiten. Geobotanisches Phänomen Neukaledonien. Island of endemics. New Caledonia – a geobotanical phenomenon. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 38: 1–464.
Podzorski, A.C. & Håkansson, H. (1987) Freshwater and marine diatoms from Palawan. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 13: 1–230.
Rabenhorst, L. (1853) Die Süsswasser-Diatomaceen (Bacillarien.): für Freunde der Mikroskopie. pp. 1–72. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8348
Ross, R., Cox, E.J., Karayeva, N.I., Mann, D.G., Paddock, T.B.B., Simonsen, R. & Sims, P.A. (1979) An amended terminology for the siliceous components of the diatom cell. Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft 64: 513–533.
Round, F.E. & Mann, D.G. (1981) The diatom genus Brachysira. I. Typification and separation from Anomoeoneis. Archiv für Protistenkunde 124 (3): 221–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(81)80014-0
Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile, Vol. 159. pp. [i]–xxxviii, 1–253. [Glashütten: Koeltz Botanical Books] https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
Tyler, P.A. (1996) Endemism in freshwater algae, with special reference to the Australian region. In: Biogeography of freshwater algae (Ed. by J. Kristiansen). Hydrobiologia 336: 127–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00010826
Van de Vijver, B., Schuster, T.M., Kusber, W.-H., Hamilton, P.B., Wetzel, C.E. & Ector, L. (2021a) Revision of European Brachysira species (Brachysiraceae, Bacillariophyta): I. The Brachysira microcephala - B. neoexilis enigma. Botany Letters 168: 467–484. https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2021.1909499
Van de Vijver, B., Schuster, T.M., Kusber, W.-H., Williams, D.M., Wetzel, C.E. & Ector, L. (2021b) Revision of European Brachysira species (Brachysiraceae, Bacillariophyta): II. The Brachysira styriaca-B. zellensis group. Botany Letters 168 (4): 485–502. https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2021.1923062 
Van de Vijver, B., Schuster, T.M., Kusber, W.-H., Kennedy, B., Hamilton, P.B., Albert, R.-L., Ballings, P., Wetzel, C.E. & Ector, L. (2022) Revision of European Brachysira species (Brachysiraceae, Bacillariophyta): III. Species formerly included in the Brachysira serians-complex. Botany Letters 169 (1): 83–105. https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2021.1941250 
Van Heurck, H. (1880) Synopsis des Diatomées de Belgique Atlas. Anvers: Ducaju et Cie. pls I–XXX [pls 1–30].
Van Heurck, H. (1896) A treatise on the Diatomaceae. Translated by W.E. Baxter. London: William Wesley & Son. pp. 1–558, pls 1–35.
Wolfe, A.P. & Kling, H.J. (2001) A consideration of some North American soft-water Brachysira taxa and description of B. arctoborealis sp. nov. In: Jahn, R., Kociolek, J.P., Witkowski, A. & Compère, P. (eds.) Lange-Bertalot-Festschrift. Studies on diatoms. Dedicated to Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Horst Lange-Bertalot on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.G., pp. 243–264.