Abstract
Begonia fritschiana from Mindanao Island is described as a new species endemic to the Philippines. This is the latest addition to the species-rich Begonia section Baryandra. It resembles Begonia caramoanensis but is distinguished by the consistent obliquely ovate leaves with shorter petioles, lamina glaucous abaxially and with marginal hairs, mostly solitary to singly-branched inflorescences with shorter white-glandular hairs on the pedicels and peduncle, one of the outer tepals pink, and glabrous ovary and ovary wings. Begonia fritschiana is known only from the type locality with one population and less than 100 individuals. The area is not currently protected under the country’s National Integrated Protected Areas System by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Because of ongoing threats such as illegal logging, poaching, and over collection of biological resources, the single area of occurrence with estimated extent < 10 km2, and the small number of < 100 individuals, we recommend a classification of B. fritschiana as Critically Endangered.
References
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Coritico, F.P., Amoroso, V.B. & Lehnert, M. (2017) New records, names, and combinations of scaly tree ferns (Cyatheaceae) in eastern Malesia. Blumea 62 (5): 92–96. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2017.62.02.03</span></span></span>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Delos Angeles M.D., Rubite R.R., Chung K.-F., Buot, Jr. I.E. & Tandang D.N. (2022) Begonia normaaguilariae (section Baryandra, Begoniaceae), a new species from the limestone forests of Samar Island, Philippines. Phytotaxa 541 (1): 49–56. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.541.1.4</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Elmer, A.D.E. (1915) Two Hundred Twenty Six New Species I. Leaflets of Philippine Botany 7: 2543–2700.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hughes, M., Moonlight, P.W., Jara-MunÞoz, A., Tebbitt, M.C., Wilson, H.P. & Pullan, M. (2015–) Begonia Resource Centre. Online database available from [http://padme.rbge.org.uk/begonia/]</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 5 February 2023)</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Klotzsch, J.F. (1854) Begoniaceen-Gattungen und Arten. Monatsberichte der Ko?niglich preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1854: 119–128.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Klotzsch, J.F. (1855) Begoniaceen-Gattungen und Arten. Abhandlungen der Ko?niglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1855: 121–25.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lagunday, N.E., Acma, F.M., Cabana, V.G., Sabas, N.M. & Amoroso, V.B. (2017) Two new Nephenthes species from the unexplored mountains of Central Mindanao, Philippines. Philippine Journal of Science 146 (2): 159–165.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lagunday N.E., Cabana, V.G., Armecin, H.C., Sabas, N.M., Escarlos, J.A. & Mohagan, A.B. (2019) Rodents and some non-rodent mammals of Mt. Tangkulan Range, Central Mindanao, Philippines. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 14 (1): 814–2019.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lagunday N.E., Dela Rosa S., Cleofei, C.M.B, Patanao, R. Jr., Coritico, F.P. & Amoroso, V.B. (2022) Nepenthes candalaga (Nepenthaceae), a new species from eastern Mindanao, Philippines. Phytotaxa 554 (3): 285–292. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.554.3.7</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum, vol .1. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mazo, K.R.M. & Rubite, R.R. (2022) Two new species of Begonia (section Petermannia, Begoniaceae) from the Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines and a redescription of Begonia parvilimba. Phytotaxa 538 (2): 163–171. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.538.2.9</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mazo K.R.F., Salatan N.L., Santos I.E.A. & Rubite, R.R. (2022) Two new species of Begonia (section Petermannia, Begoniaceae) from Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines with notes on an amended description of B. elatostematoides. Taiwania 67(3): 441–449. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2022.67.441</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Merrill, E.D. (1912 [1911]) The Philippine species of Begonia. Philippine Journal of Science, section C, Botany 6: 369–406.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Merrill, E.D. (1918) New or noteworthy Philippine plants. The Philippine Journal of Science section C, Botany 13: 1–66.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Moonlight, P.W., Ardi, W.H., Padilla, L.A., Chung, K.-F., Fuller, D., Girmansyah, D., Hollands, R., Jara-MunÞoz, A., Kiew, R., Leong, W.-C., Liu, Y., Mahardika, A., Marasinghe, L.D.K., O’Connor, M., Peng, C.-I, Peìrez, A.J., Phutthai, T., Pullan, M., Rajbhandary, S., Reynel, C., Rubite, R.R., Sang, J., Scherberich, D., Shui, Y.-M., Tebbitt, M.C., Thomas, D.C., Wilson, H.P., Zaini, N.H. & Hughes, M. (2018) Dividing and conquering the fastest-growing genus: Towards a natural sectional classification of the mega-diverse genus Begonia (Begoniaceae). Taxon 67: 267–323. https://doi.org/10.12705/672.3</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rubite R.R., Ubaldo D.B.H., Salcedo J.C., Chung K.F., Evangelista L.T., Tandang D.N. & Hughes M. (2022) Begonia hemicardia (sect. Petermannia, Begoniaceae), a resurrected heterotypic synonym and nomen nudum. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79, Begonia special issue, Article 403: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.24823/EJB.2022.403</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rubite, R.R., Irabagon, M.L., Palacio, D.J.E., Ang, Y.P. & Bustamante, R.A.A. (2020) Begonia caramoanensis (sect. Baryandra, Begoniaceae) a new species from Camarines Sur, Philippines. Phytotaxa 439 (3): 287–294. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.3.10</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rule, M.G.Q., Ang, Y.P., Rubite, R.R., Docot, R.V.A., Bustamante, R.A.A. & Robinson, A.S. (2020) Begonia makuruyot (Begoniaceae section Baryandra), a new species from Surigao del Norte Province, Philippines. Phytotaxa 470: 226–234. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.470.3.2 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Steudel, E.G. von. (1821) Nomenclator botanicus: enumerans ordine alphabetico nomina atque synonyma, tum generica tum specifica, et a linnaeo et recentioribus de re botanica scriptoribus plantis phanerogamis imposita. Cottae, Stuttgartiae & Tubingae, 900 pp. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Warburg, O. (1904) Begoniaceae. In: Perkins, J.R. (Ed.) Fragmenta florae Philippinae: contributions to the flora of the Philippine Islands. Leipzig, Germany, pp. 51–56. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ang, Y.P., Aumentado, J.A. & Magtoto L.M. (2022) Begonia naemma (sect. Petermannia), a new species from Nueva Ecija, Luzon Island, the Philippines. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79, Begonia special issue, Article 390: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.24823/EJB.2022.390 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Blasco, F.A., Alejandro, G.J., Tandang, D.N., Vales, M.B. & Rubite, R.R. (2022) Begonia amparoi (Begoniaceae, section Baryandra) a new species from Linungaw Twin Islands, Surigao del Sur, Mindanao, Philippines. Phytotaxa 549 (2): 136–140. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.549.2.2</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Coritico, F.P. & Fleischmann, A. (2016) The first record of the boreal bog species Drosera rotundifolia (Droseraceae) from the Philippines, and a key to the Philippine sundews. Blumea 61: 24–28. https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916X691330</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Coritico, F.P., Amoroso, V.B. & Lehnert, M. (2017) New records, names, and combinations of scaly tree ferns (Cyatheaceae) in eastern Malesia. Blumea 62 (5): 92–96. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2017.62.02.03</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">de Candolle, A. (1859) Meìmoire sur la famille des Beìgoniaceìes. [ser. 4.] Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique 11: 128–129. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dela Cruz, C.J.P., Concepcion S.R. & Ang Y.P. (2022) Begonia francisabuidii, (section Baryandra, Begoniaceae) a new species endemic to Albay, Luzon Island, Philippines. Taiwania 67 (2): 223?228. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2022.67.223</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Delos Angeles M.D., Rubite R.R., Chung K.-F., Buot, Jr. I.E. & Tandang D.N. (2022) Begonia normaaguilariae (section Baryandra, Begoniaceae), a new species from the limestone forests of Samar Island, Philippines. Phytotaxa 541 (1): 49–56. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.541.1.4</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Elmer, A.D.E. (1915) Two Hundred Twenty Six New Species I. Leaflets of Philippine Botany 7: 2543–2700.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hughes, M., Moonlight, P.W., Jara-MunÞoz, A., Tebbitt, M.C., Wilson, H.P. & Pullan, M. (2015–) Begonia Resource Centre. Online database available from [http://padme.rbge.org.uk/begonia/]</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 5 February 2023)</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Klotzsch, J.F. (1854) Begoniaceen-Gattungen und Arten. Monatsberichte der Ko?niglich preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1854: 119–128.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Klotzsch, J.F. (1855) Begoniaceen-Gattungen und Arten. Abhandlungen der Ko?niglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1855: 121–25.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lagunday, N.E., Acma, F.M., Cabana, V.G., Sabas, N.M. & Amoroso, V.B. (2017) Two new Nephenthes species from the unexplored mountains of Central Mindanao, Philippines. Philippine Journal of Science 146 (2): 159–165.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lagunday N.E., Cabana, V.G., Armecin, H.C., Sabas, N.M., Escarlos, J.A. & Mohagan, A.B. (2019) Rodents and some non-rodent mammals of Mt. Tangkulan Range, Central Mindanao, Philippines. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 14 (1): 814–2019.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lagunday N.E., Dela Rosa S., Cleofei, C.M.B, Patanao, R. Jr., Coritico, F.P. & Amoroso, V.B. (2022) Nepenthes candalaga (Nepenthaceae), a new species from eastern Mindanao, Philippines. Phytotaxa 554 (3): 285–292. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.554.3.7</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum, vol .1. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mazo, K.R.M. & Rubite, R.R. (2022) Two new species of Begonia (section Petermannia, Begoniaceae) from the Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines and a redescription of Begonia parvilimba. Phytotaxa 538 (2): 163–171. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.538.2.9</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mazo K.R.F., Salatan N.L., Santos I.E.A. & Rubite, R.R. (2022) Two new species of Begonia (section Petermannia, Begoniaceae) from Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines with notes on an amended description of B. elatostematoides. Taiwania 67(3): 441–449. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2022.67.441</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Merrill, E.D. (1912 [1911]) The Philippine species of Begonia. Philippine Journal of Science, section C, Botany 6: 369–406.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Merrill, E.D. (1918) New or noteworthy Philippine plants. The Philippine Journal of Science section C, Botany 13: 1–66.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Moonlight, P.W., Ardi, W.H., Padilla, L.A., Chung, K.-F., Fuller, D., Girmansyah, D., Hollands, R., Jara-MunÞoz, A., Kiew, R., Leong, W.-C., Liu, Y., Mahardika, A., Marasinghe, L.D.K., O’Connor, M., Peng, C.-I, Peìrez, A.J., Phutthai, T., Pullan, M., Rajbhandary, S., Reynel, C., Rubite, R.R., Sang, J., Scherberich, D., Shui, Y.-M., Tebbitt, M.C., Thomas, D.C., Wilson, H.P., Zaini, N.H. & Hughes, M. (2018) Dividing and conquering the fastest-growing genus: Towards a natural sectional classification of the mega-diverse genus Begonia (Begoniaceae). Taxon 67: 267–323. https://doi.org/10.12705/672.3</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rubite R.R., Ubaldo D.B.H., Salcedo J.C., Chung K.F., Evangelista L.T., Tandang D.N. & Hughes M. (2022) Begonia hemicardia (sect. Petermannia, Begoniaceae), a resurrected heterotypic synonym and nomen nudum. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79, Begonia special issue, Article 403: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.24823/EJB.2022.403</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rubite, R.R., Irabagon, M.L., Palacio, D.J.E., Ang, Y.P. & Bustamante, R.A.A. (2020) Begonia caramoanensis (sect. Baryandra, Begoniaceae) a new species from Camarines Sur, Philippines. Phytotaxa 439 (3): 287–294. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.3.10</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rule, M.G.Q., Ang, Y.P., Rubite, R.R., Docot, R.V.A., Bustamante, R.A.A. & Robinson, A.S. (2020) Begonia makuruyot (Begoniaceae section Baryandra), a new species from Surigao del Norte Province, Philippines. Phytotaxa 470: 226–234. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.470.3.2 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Steudel, E.G. von. (1821) Nomenclator botanicus: enumerans ordine alphabetico nomina atque synonyma, tum generica tum specifica, et a linnaeo et recentioribus de re botanica scriptoribus plantis phanerogamis imposita. Cottae, Stuttgartiae & Tubingae, 900 pp. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Warburg, O. (1904) Begoniaceae. In: Perkins, J.R. (Ed.) Fragmenta florae Philippinae: contributions to the flora of the Philippine Islands. Leipzig, Germany, pp. 51–56. </span></span></span>