Abstract
Habenaria qinghaiensis, a new species of Orchidaceae from Qinghai Province, is described and illustrated. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ITS (nrITS) and two plastid (matK and rbcL) DNA markers indicates that H. qinghaiensis belongs to H. josephi group (sect. Diphyllae s.l.). It is morphologically similar to H. josephi and H. tibetica, but differs from the former by having petals shallowly 2-lobed at base, lateral lobes of lip 1.8–2.2 cm long, lip with cushion-like appendage at entrance of spur, and from the latter by having almost glabrous bracts, petals and ovary, lip with cushion-like appendage at entrance of spur, and three stigmas.
References
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<p>Zhang, D., Gao, F., Jakovlić, I., Zou, H., Zhang, J., Li, W.X. & Wang, G.T. (2020) PhyloSuite: An integrated and scalable desktop platform for streamlined molecular sequence data management and evolutionary phylogenetics studies. <em>Molecular Ecology Resources</em> 20: 348–355. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13096</p>
<p>Zhou, Z.H., Shi, R.H., Zhang, Y., Xing, X.K. & Jin, X.H. (2021) Orchid conservation in China from 2000 to 2020: Achievements and perspectives. <em>Plant Diversity</em> 43: 343–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2021.06.003</p>
<p>Chase, M.W., Cameron, K.M., Freudenstein, J.V., Pridgeon, A.M., Salazar, G., van den Berg, C. & Schuiteman, A. (2015) An updated classification of Orchidaceae. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 177: 151–174. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12234</p>
<p>Cruz-Lustre, G., Castro, C., Borba, E.L. & Nogueira Batista, J.A. (2022) Phylogenetics and taxonomy of <em>Habenaria </em>sect. Micranthae (Orchidaceae), with the description of an overlooked new species from the Espinhaco mountain range, Eastern Brazil. <em>Systematics and Biodiversity</em> 20: 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2030424</p>
<p>Deng, H., Zhang, G.Q., Liu, Z.J. & Wang, Y. (2015) A new species and a new combination of <em>Phalaenopsis</em> (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Aeridinae): evidence from morphological and DNA analysis. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 238 (3): 243–254. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.238.3.3</p>
<p>Govaerts, R., Bernet, P., Kratochvil, K., Gerlach, G., Carr, G., Alrich, P., Pridgeon, A.M., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J.C., Alex George, P., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. (2021) World checklist of Orchidaceae. [http://wcsp.science.kew.org/]</p>
<p>IUCN (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines (accessed 12 October 2022)</p>
<p>Jin, W.T., Jin, X.H., Schuiteman, A., Li, D.Z., Xiang, X.G., Huang, W.C., Li, J.W. & Huang, L.Q. (2014) Molecular systematics of subtribe Orchidinae and Asian taxa of Habenariinae (Orchideae, Orchidaceae) based on plastid <em>matK</em> , <em>rbcL</em> and nuclear ITS. <em>Molecular phylogenetics and evolution</em> 77: 41–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.004</p>
<p>Jin, W.T., Schuiteman, A., Chase, M.W., Li, J.W., Chung, S.W., Hsu, T.C. & Jin, X.H. (2017) Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae s.l. (Orchidaceae; Orchidoideae) based on seven markers (plastid <em>matK</em>, <em>psaB</em>, <em>rbcL</em>, <em>trnL-F</em>, <em>trnH-psba,</em> and nuclear nrITS, <em>Xdh</em>): implications for generic delimitation. <em>BMC plant biology</em> 17: 222. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-017-1160-x</p>
<p>Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B.Q., Wong, T.K.F., Haeseler, A.N. & Jermiin, L.S. (2017) ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. <em>Nature Methods</em> 14: 587–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285</p>
<p>Lin, D.L., Ya, J.D., Schuiteman, A., Ma, C.B, Liu, C., Guo, X.L., Chen, S.S., Wang, X.L., Zhang, Z.R., Yu, W.B. & Jin, X.H. (2021) Four new species and a new record of Orchidinae (Orchidaceae: Orchideae) from China. <em>Plant Diversity</em> 43: 390–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2021.05.003</p>
<p>Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W.T. & Schwartz, T. (2010) “Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees” in Proceedings of the Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE). <em>New Orleans</em>, LA, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/GCE.2010.5676129</p>
<p>Ngugi, G., Le Pechon, T., Martos, F., Pailler, T., Bellstedt, D.U. & Bytebier, B. (2020) Phylogenetic relationships amongst the African genera of subtribe Orchidinae s.l. (Orchidaceae; Orchideae): Implications for subtribal and generic delimitations. <em>Molecular phylogenetics and evolution</em> 153: 106946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106946</p>
<p>Pandey, T.R. & Jin, X.H. (2021) Taxonomic revision of <em>Habenaria josephi </em>group (sect. Diphyllae s.l.) in the Pan-Himalaya. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 175: 109–135. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.175.59849</p>
<p>Pedron, M., Buzatto, C.R., Ramalho, A.J., Carvalho, B.M., Radins, J.A., Singer, R.B. & Batista, J.A.N. (2014) Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomic revision of <em>Habenaria </em>section Pentadactylae (Orchidaceae, Orchidinae). <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 175: 47–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12161</p>
<p>Reichenbach, H.G. (1888) <em>Habenaria josephi Rchb.f. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, </em>3(1). Botany. London, p. 114.</p>
<p>Schlechter, F.R.R. (1922) Habenaria tibetica Schltr. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis. Centralblatt für Sammlung und Veroffentlichung von Einzeldiagnosen neuer Pflanzen. <em>Beihefte</em> 12: 338.</p>
<p>Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 30: 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033</p>
<p>Willdenow, C.L. (1805) <em>Habenaria Willd </em>4(1). Species Plantarum. Editio Quarta. Berolini [Berlin], 5(44).</p>
<p>Zhang, D., Gao, F., Jakovlić, I., Zou, H., Zhang, J., Li, W.X. & Wang, G.T. (2020) PhyloSuite: An integrated and scalable desktop platform for streamlined molecular sequence data management and evolutionary phylogenetics studies. <em>Molecular Ecology Resources</em> 20: 348–355. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13096</p>
<p>Zhou, Z.H., Shi, R.H., Zhang, Y., Xing, X.K. & Jin, X.H. (2021) Orchid conservation in China from 2000 to 2020: Achievements and perspectives. <em>Plant Diversity</em> 43: 343–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2021.06.003</p>