Abstract
Comprehensive charophyte surveys on the island of Sardinia, Italy revealed a novel species of Lamprothamnium occurring in a salt marsh in the vicinity of San Giovanni Sinis. Most of the discovery and description of charophyte species in Europe took place in the mid–late 1800s, so the discovery of a new species in the region is of note. The species is described and compared with the other species of Lamprothamnium known for the Mediterranean region of Europe and elsewhere. Lamprothamnium sardoum sp. nov. differs from all other species in having antheridia and oogonia clustered internal and external to the axial nodes and on the branchlets, and in the relative absence of sterile whorls, the length and width of its bract cells and decumbent stipulodes, and the persistence of the protonema on mature plants. In addition, data on hydrochemistry and accompanying flora of the Sardinian site of L. sardoum are presented together with proposals for management and conservation.
References
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Braun, A. & Nordstedt, C.F.O. (1883) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Fragmente einer Monographie der Characeen</em></span><span lang="en-GB">. Nach den hinterlassenen Manuscripten A. Braun’s, herausgegeben von Dr. O. Nordstedt. pp. 1–211, pI. 1–7. Berlin.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Casanova, M.T. (2009) An overview of </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Nitella</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Characeae, Charophyceae) in Australia. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Australian Systematic Botany</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 22: 193–218. https://doi.org/10.1071/SB08039</span></span></span></span></p>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Guerlesquin, M., Elkhiati, N., Ramdani, M. & Vaquer, A. (1987) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Lamprothamnium succinctum</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> A. Braun, espèce de Characée nouvelle pour le Maroc. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Bulletin de l’Institut Scientifique, Rabat</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 11: 129–133.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Guerlesquin, M. (1992) Systématique et biogéographie du genre </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Lamprothamnium</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Characées) Caractéristique des biotopes aquatiques saumâtres. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Revue des Sciences de L’eau</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 5 (3): 415–430. https://doi.org/10.7202/705139ar</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Hamann, U. (2016) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Lamprothamnium papulosum.</em></span> <span lang="en-GB"><em>In:</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> Becker, R., Blindow, I., Doege, A., Franke, T., Gregor, T., Hamann, U., Holzhausen, A. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>et al.</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Eds.) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Armleuchteralgen: Die Characeen Deutschlands</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> [Charophyceae: Charophytes in Germany]. Berlin: Hrsg. Springer-Verlag. pp. 529–538. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47797-7</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Kato, S., Sakayama, H., Morishima, H., Sano, S., Oomori, Y., Kato, N., Ito, M., Kasai, F., Watanabe, M.M. & Nozaki, H. (2010) Morphology and molecular phylogeny of </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Chara altaica</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Charales, Charophyceae), a monoecious species of the section </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Desvauxia</em></span><span lang="en-GB">. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Cytologia </em></span><span lang="en-GB">75: 211–220. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.75.211</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Kato, S., Tanaka, J., Tanaka, N., Yokoyama, J., Ito, Y., Fujiwara, Y., Higa, A., Kobayashi, S., Watanabe, M.M. & Sakayama, H. (2021) New distributional records, taxonomy, morphology, and genetic variations of the endangered brackishwater species </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Lamprothamnium succinctum</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Charales: Charophyceae) in Japan. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Journal of Asia–Pacific Biodiversity</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 14: 15–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.09.005.</span></span></span></span></p>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Langangen, A. & Leghari, S. (2001) Some charophytes (Charales) from Pakistan. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Studiea Botanica Hungarica</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 32: 63–85.</span></span></span></span></p>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Ophel, I.L. (1947) Notes on the genera </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Lychnothamnus</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> and </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Lamprothamnium</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Characeae). </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 71: 318–323.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Proctor, V.W. (1971) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Chara globularis</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> Thuillier (= </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>C. fragilis</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> Desvoux): Breeding patterns within a cosmopolitan complex. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Limnology and Oceanography</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 16: 422–436. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1971.16.2.0422</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Proctor, V.W., Griffin, D.G. & Hotchkiss, A.T. (1971) A synopsis of the genus </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Chara</em></span><span lang="en-GB">, series Gymnobasalia (subsection Willdenowia RDW). </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>American Journal of Botany</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 58: 894–901. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1971.tb10044.x</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Proctor, V.W. (1980) Historical biogeography of </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Chara </em></span><span lang="en-GB">(Charophyta): an appraisal of the Braun-Wood classification plus a falsifiable alternative for future consideration. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Journal of Phycology</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 16: 218–233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1980.00218.x</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Romanov, R.E., Nikulin, A.Y., Nikulin, V.Y. & Andrey, A. Gontcharov, A.A. (2021) New species </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Chara oryzae</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> and a new section </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Corillionia</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> of </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Chara</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Charales, Charophyceae) from European Mediterranean rice fields. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>European Journal of Phycology</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 57 (3): 328–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2021.1987527</span></span></span></span></p>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Schneider, S.C., Nowak, P., Von Ammon, U. & Ballot, A. (2016) Species differentiation in the genus </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Chara</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Charophyceae): considerable phenotypic plasticity occurs within homogenous genetic groups. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>European Journal of Phycology</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 51 (3): 282–293. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2016.1147085</span></span></span></span></p>
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