Abstract
Microlicia piauiensis is described as a new species from Serra das Confusões, a mountainous region located in a transition zone between the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) and the Caatinga (deciduous bushland in semi-arid areas) domains. Microlicia piauiensis can be recognized by its branchlets, leaves and hypanthia that are glandular-punctate and covered with gland-tipped trichomes, leaves on short petioles, revolute leaf margins, oblong calyx lobes, magenta petals that are yellow at the base, and isomorphic stamens with small but discernible appendages at the ventral base of the pedoconnectives. Microlicia piauiensis has a distribution that is more than 400 kms distant from all areas of endemism previously identified for the tribe Lavoisiereae. It is the first species of Melastomataceae reported as endemic to Piauí. Photos of living and dried specimens are provided, as well as a distribution map, and morphological comparisons with putative relatives. A conservation status of Endangered is suggested for M. piauiensis.
References
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Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting red list threat assessments with GeoCAT: Geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117–126.
BFG (2021) Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network. Taxon 71: 178–198. https://doi.org/20.1002/tax.12640
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Markgraf, F. (1927) Plantae Luetzelburgianae brasilenses VII. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem 10: 43–54.
Martins, A.B. (1989) Revisão taxonômica do gênero Marcetia DC. (Melastomataceae). Ph.D. thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 277 pp.
Martins, A.B. & Almeda, F. (2017) A monograph of the Brazilian endemic genus Lavoisiera (Melastomataceae: Microlicieae). Phytotaxa 315: 1–194. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.315.1.1
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Naudin, C. (1845) Melastomacearum monographicae descriptionis. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, sér. 3, 3: 169–192
Naudin, C.V. (1849) Melastomatacearum monographieae descriptiones. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, sér. 3, 12: 196–270.
Pacifico, R. & Almeda, F. (2020) Microlicia morrensis (Melastomataceae): the third species in the genus endemic to Morro do Chapéu, Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 454: 137–144. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.2.5
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Pacifico, R., Almeda, F. & Fidanza, K. (2020b) Seven new species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae: Microlicieae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Systematic Botany 45: 277–293. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364420X15862837791348
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Santos, A.K.A. (2020) Marcetia. In: Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB9648 (accessed 31 December 2021)
Shimizu, G.H., Gonçalves, D.J.P., França, F., Simões, A.O. & Yamamoto, K. (2016) A remarkable new species of Qualea (Vochysiaceae) from Piauí state, Brazil. Phytotaxa 273: 262–268. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.273.4.2
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Almeda, F. & Fidanza, K. (2020) A new Microlicia (Melastomataceae: Microlicieae) from the Southern Cadeia do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Phytotaxa 438: 182–188. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.438.3.2
Almeida, R.F., Guesdon, I.R., Pace, M.R. & Meira, R.M.S. (2019) Taxonomic revision of Mcvaughia W.R.Anderson (Malpighiaceae): notes on vegetative and reproductive anatomy and the description of a new species. PhytoKeys 117: 45–72. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.117.32207
Alves, R.J.V., Silva, N.G., Oliveira, J.A. & Medeiros, D. (2014) Circumscribing campo rupestre - megadiverse Brazilian rocky montane savannas. Brazilian Journal of Biology 74: 355–362. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.23212
Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting red list threat assessments with GeoCAT: Geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117–126.
BFG (2021) Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network. Taxon 71: 178–198. https://doi.org/20.1002/tax.12640
BRAZIL (2010) Decreto s.n. de 30 de Dezembro de 2010. Dispõe sobre a ampliação do Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, abrangendo terras dos Municípios de Guaribas, Santa Luz, Cristino Castro, Alvorada do Gurguéia, Canto do Buriti, Tamboril do Piauí, Brejo do Piauí, Jurema, Caracol, Redenção de Gurguéia, Curimatá e Bom Jesus, todos no Estado do Piauí, e dá outras providências. Brasília, Diário Oficial da União, Seção 1, Edição Extra, ISSN 1677-7042, pp. 13–17.
Candolle, A.P. (1828) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis. Treuttel et Würtz, Paris, 494 pp.
Carmo, A., Pacifico, R., Gonçales-Silva, R., Gonçalves Sbais, P., Fidanza, K. & de Souza, L.A. (2019) Epidermal micromorphology and venation patterns of Microlicieae (Melastomataceae) leaves: Looking for new characters for the taxonomy of this neotropical tribe. Flora 261: 151494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2019.151494
Chamisso, A. (1834) De plantis in expeditione speculatoria Romanzoffiana et in herbariis regiis berolinensibus observatis - Melastomaceae americanae. Linnea 9: 368–402.
Cogniaux, C.A. (1883) Melastomataceae: Microlicieae. In: Martius, C.F.P. & Eichler, A.G. (Eds.) Flora brasiliensis 14. Lipsiae, Frid. Fleischer, Munich, pp. 5–205
Côrtes, A.L.A., Borges, R.L.B. & Rapini, A. (2010) Reinstatement of Thyrsacanthus Moric. (Acanthaceae) and taxonomic novelties in the genus. Taxon 59: 965–972. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.593025
Don, D. (1823) [‘’1822’’] An illustration of the natural family of plants called Melastomaceae. Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society 4: 276–329
Fernandes, G.W. (ed.) (2016) Ecology and conservation of mountaintop grasslands in Brazil. Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 567 pp.
Fernandez, E.P., Moraes, M.D.A., Avancini, R.F. & Martinelli, G. (2011) Flora do Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, Piauí, Brasil: estado de conhecimento atual e conservação. In: 62º Congresso Nacional de Botância. Sociedade Brasíleira de Botânica, Fortaleza, Brazil.
Fontelas, J.C., Diniz, D.O. & Romero, R. (2022) Two new species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) from Goiás state, Brazil. Brittonia. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-022-09703-1
Gali, L., Pacifico, R., Almeda, F. & Fidanza, K. (2022) Two new species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. Phytotaxa 544: 52–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.544.1.4
Goldenberg, R., Gonella, P.M. & Meyer, F.S. (2022) Four new species of Pleroma (Melastomataceae) from campos rupestres and vegetation on granitic inselbergs in Eastern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79: 624. https://doi.org/10.24823/EJB.2022.624
Humboldt, A. & Bonpland, A. (1823) Monographie des Mélastomacées. In: Humboldt, A. & Bonpland, A. (Eds.) Monographia Melastomacearum, Vol. 2 - Rhexies. Chez Gide Fils, Paris, pp. 1–158.
IBAMA (2003) Plano de Manejo do Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões. Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Brasília, 230 pp.
IUCN (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 15 December 2021).
Lepeletier, A.L.M. (1836) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Hyménoptères, 1. Paris, Roret’s Suites à Buffon, 547 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9005
Lima, L. & Salino, A. (2018) Sticherus salinoi, a new species of Sticherus (Gleicheniaceae, Polypodiopsida) from Brazil. Phytotaxa 345: 78–82. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.345.1.10
Mutzenberg, D.S., Correa, A.C.B., Tavares, A.A.C. & Cisneiros, D. (2015) Serra da Capivara National Park: Ruiniform landscapes on the Parnaiba Cuesta. In: Vieira, B.C., Salgado, A.A.R. & Santos, J.J.C. (Eds.) Landscapes and landforms of Brazil. World Geomorphological Landscapes, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, pp. 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8023-0_23
Koschnitzke, C. & Martins, A.B. (2007) Nomenclatural alterations in Microlicieae (Melastomataceae). Novon 17: 472–475. https://doi.org/10.3417/1055-3177(2007)17[472:NAIMM]2.0.CO;2
Markgraf, F. (1927) Plantae Luetzelburgianae brasilenses VII. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem 10: 43–54.
Martins, A.B. (1989) Revisão taxonômica do gênero Marcetia DC. (Melastomataceae). Ph.D. thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 277 pp.
Martins, A.B. & Almeda, F. (2017) A monograph of the Brazilian endemic genus Lavoisiera (Melastomataceae: Microlicieae). Phytotaxa 315: 1–194. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.315.1.1
Myers, N., Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B. & Kent, J. (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853–858. https://doi.org/10.1038/35002501
Naudin, C. (1845) Melastomacearum monographicae descriptionis. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, sér. 3, 3: 169–192
Naudin, C.V. (1849) Melastomatacearum monographieae descriptiones. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, sér. 3, 12: 196–270.
Pacifico, R. & Almeda, F. (2020) Microlicia morrensis (Melastomataceae): the third species in the genus endemic to Morro do Chapéu, Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 454: 137–144. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.2.5
Pacifico, R. & Almeda, F. (in press) Lavoisiereae: A Neotropical Tribe with Remarkable Endemism on Eastern Brazilian Mountaintops. In: Goldenberg, R., Michelangeli, F.A. & Almeda, F. (Eds.) Systematics, Evolution, and Ecology of Melastomataceae. Springer, Cham, Switzerland.
Pacifico, R., Almeda, F., Frota, A. & Fidanza, K. (2020a) Areas of endemism on Brazilian mountaintops revealed by taxonomically verified records of Microlicieae (Melastomataceae). Phytotaxa 450: 119–148. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.450.2.1
Pacifico, R., Almeda, F. & Fidanza, K. (2020b) Seven new species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae: Microlicieae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Systematic Botany 45: 277–293. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364420X15862837791348
Pacifico, R., Almeda, F. & Fidanza, K. (2021) Modeling of Microlicieae (Melastomataceae) species composition provides insights into the evolution of campo rupestre vegetation on eastern Brazilian mountaintops. Flora 281: 151850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2021.151850
QGIS Development Team (2022) QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation. Available from: https://qgis.org (accessed 18 January 2022)
Romero, R., Caetano, A.P.S., Santos, K.F. & Versiane, A.F.A. (2021) Three new species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil, with notes on leaf anatomy. Systematic Botany 46: 109–121. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364421X16128061189585
Romero, R., Fontelas, J.C., Moreira, K.V.C., Ferreira-Alves, R., Oliveira, L.F.A. & Versiane, A.F.A. (2020) Microlicia. In: Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB9782 (accessed 31 December 2021)
Romero, R. & Woodgyer, E.M. (2018) Six new species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) from Bahia, Brazil. Kew Bulletin 73: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-018-9747-4
Sano, P.T., Costa, F.N., Trovó, M. & Echternacht, L. (2015) Paepalanthus magistrae (Eriocaulaceae), a remarkable new species in honor of Ana Maria Giulietti-Harley. Rodriguésia 66: 299–303. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566202
Santos, A.K.A. (2020) Marcetia. In: Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB9648 (accessed 31 December 2021)
Shimizu, G.H., Gonçalves, D.J.P., França, F., Simões, A.O. & Yamamoto, K. (2016) A remarkable new species of Qualea (Vochysiaceae) from Piauí state, Brazil. Phytotaxa 273: 262–268. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.273.4.2
Silveira, F.A.O., Negreiros, D., Barbosa, N.P.U., Buisson, E., Carmo, F.F., Carstensen, D.W., Conceição, A.A., Cornelissen, T.G., Echternacht, L., Fernandes, G.W., Garcia, Q.S., Guerra, T.J., Jacobi, C.M., Lemos-Filho, J.P., Le Stradic, S., Morellato, L.P.C., Neves, F.S., Oliveira, R.S., Schaefer, C.E., Viana, P.L. & Lambers, H. (2016) Ecology and evolution of plant diversity in the endangered campo rupestre: a neglected conservation priority. Plant and Soil 403: 129–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2637-8
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