Abstract
Commiphora omundomba, described here as a new species, is known only from the Kaokoveld Centre of Endemism, a biogeographical region in southwestern Angola and Northwestern Namibia. It has hitherto been confused with C. dinteri from west-central Namibia, but both morphological and molecular evidence support a distinction between the two species. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data indicates that C. omundomba shares most-recent common ancestry with C. buruxa, a species limited to the Gariep Centre of Endemism in southwestern Namibia. Diagnostic morphological characters for C. omundomba include the white, viscous exudate, smooth bark and glabrous, trifoliolate leaves. Photographs of the plant and a distribution map are provided. The new species is mainly confined to near the Atlantic coast of the northern Namib Desert, and is widespread and locally common between Santa Maria in Angola and Puros in Namibia.
References
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Curtis, B.A. & Mannheimer, C.A. (2005) Tree atlas of Namibia. National Botanical Research Institute, Windhoek, 674 pp. Also available, with additional photographs and information, from: https://treeatlas.biodiversity.org.na (accessed 8 August 2021)
Edwards, D. & Leistner, O.A. (1971) A degree reference system for citing biological records in southern Africa. Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung München 10: 501–509.
Engler, A. (1883) Burseraceae. In: Candolle, A. de & Candolle, C. de (Eds.) Monographiae phanerogamarum prodromi nunc continuato, nunc revisio, vol. 4. G. Masson, Paris, pp. 1–169 & pp. 536–540. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.45961
Engler, A. (1894) Plantae Gürichianae. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Flora von Deutschsüdwestafrica. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 19: 128–152. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/677#page/134/mode/1up]
Engler, A. (1910) Beiträge zur Flora von Afrika. XXXVI. Burseraceae africanae IV. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 44: 137–155. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/706#page/153/mode/1up]
Exell, A. & Mendonça, F. (1951) Burseraceae. Conspectus Florae Angolensis 1: 297–305. https://doi.org/10.2307/1216558
Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008) Plants of Angola/Plantas de Angola. Strelitzia 22. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 1–279. [https://www.sanbi.org/documents/plants-of-angola-strelitzia-22/]
Hiern, W.P. (1896) Burseraceae. Catalogue of the African plants collected by Dr. Friedrich Welwitsch in 1853–1861 1 (1): 123–128. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/42462#page/155/mode/1up]
Gostel, M.R., Phillipson, P.B. & Weeks, A. (2016) Phylogenetic reconstruction of the myrrh genus, Commiphora (Burseraceae), reveals multiple radiations in Madagascar and clarifies infrageneric relationships. Systematic Botany 41: 67–81. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364416X690598
Hoang, D.T., Chernomor, O., Von Haeseler, A., Minh, B.Q. & Vinh, L.S. (2018) UFBoot2: Improving the ultrafast bootstrap approximation. Molecular Biology & Evolution 35: 518–522. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx281
Jacquin, N.J. (1797) Plantarum rariorum horti caesarei Schoenbrunnensis, vol. 2. C.F. Wappler, Vienna, pp. 1–68, pl. 130–250. https://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.332
Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B.Q., Wong, T.K.F., Von Haeseler, A. & Jermiin, L.S. (2017) ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods 14: 587–589. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285
Linnaeus, C. (1762) Species plantarum, 2<sup>nd</sup> ed., vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 784 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.37656
Mendes, E.J. (1964) Additiones ed adnotationes florae angolensi – VIII. Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana, sér. 2, 38: 137–138.
Mendes, E.J. (1967) Additiones ed adnotationes florae angolensi – X. Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana, sér. 2, 41: 155–164.
Minh, B.Q., Schmidt, H.A., Chernomor, O., Schrempf, D., Woodhams, M.D., Von Haeseler, A. & Lanfear, R (2020) IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era. Molecular Biology & Evolution 37: 1530–1534. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa015
Schinz, H. (1908) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Afrikanischen-Flora XXI: Burseraceae. Bulletin de l’Herbier Boissier sér. 2, 8: 632–633. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/104945#page/694/mode/1up]
Steyn, M. (2003) A field guide, southern Africa Commiphora / ’n Veldgids, Suider-Afrika Commiphora. Published by the author, Polokwane, 92 pp.
Swanepoel, W. (2005) Commiphora kaokoensis (Burseraceae), a new species from Namibia, with notes on C. dinteri and C. namaensis. Bothalia 35 (1): 47–53. https://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v35i1.368
Swanepoel, W. (2006) Two new species of Commiphora (Burseraceae) from southern Africa. Bothalia 36 (1): 45–56. https://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v36i1.331
Swanepoel, W. (2011) Commiphora buruxa (Burseraceae), a new species from southern Namibia. South African Journal of Botany 77 (3): 608–612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2010.12.004
Swanepoel, W. (2014) Commiphora namibensis (Burseraceae), a new species from Angola. Phytotaxa 178 (3): 211–216. https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.178.3.7
Swanepoel, W. (2015) Commiphora benguelensis (Burseraceae), a new species from Angola. Phytotaxa 217 (2): 191–196. https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.217.2.9
Thiers, B. (2020) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 8 August 2021)
Van der Walt, J.J.A. (1986) Burseraceae. In: Leistner, O.A. (Ed.) Flora of southern Africa 18 (3). National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, pp. 5–34. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/209552#page/17/mode/1up]
Van der Walt, J.J.A. & Van der Schijff, H.P. (1973) The anatomy of the petiole as an aid to the identification of South African Commiphora species. Kirkia 9 (1): 95–108. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23502204]
Van Wyk, A.E. & Smith, G.F. (2001) Regions of floristic endemism in southern Africa: a review with emphasis on succulents. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, Pretoria, 199 pp.