Abstract
Dioscorea magnibracteata is described and formally presented as a new species based on specimens identified with unpublished names by Temple Clayton. This species occurs exclusively in the seasonally deciduous dry tropical forest of coastal Ecuador, a fairly threatened environment. This new species is monoecious and features staminate flowers with six stamens but differs markedly from all other species of Neotropical Dioscorea by the staminate inflorescences with very large cymbiform bracts and toothed to lacerated margin. We provide a morphological description as well as information on habitat, geographic distribution and taxonomic comments that include the morphological delimitation of the new species and similarities to other species of Dioscorea sect. Monadelpha.
References
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Uline, E.H. (1897) Dioscoreaceae In: Engler, A. & Prantl, K.A.E (Eds.) Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Supplement 2 (part 5). Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 80–87.
Valverde, F. (1991) Estado Actual de la Vegetación Natural de la Cordillera Chongón-Colonche. Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador. 387 pp.
Viruel, J., Forest, F., Paun O., Chase M.W., Devey, D., Couto, R.S., Segarra-Moragues, J.G., Catalán, P. & Wilkin, P. (2018) A nuclear Xdh phylogenetic analysis of yams (Dioscorea: Dioscoreaceae) congruent with plastid trees reveals a new Neotropical lineage. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 232–246. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boy013
Willdenow, K.L. (1806) Species Plantarum. Volume 4 (part 2). G.C. Nauk, Berlin, 1157 pp. (parts 1 & 2 together)
Cornejo, X. (2009) Un Nuevo Estatus para Sorocea sprucei subsp. subumbellata (Moraceae). Novon 19: 297–299. https://doi.org/10.3417/2005160
Couto, R.S., Tenorio, V., Alzer, F. da C., Lopes, R.C., Vieira, R.C., Mendonça, C.B.F., Gonçalves-Esteves, V. & Braga, J.M.A. (2014) Taxonomic revision of the Dioscorea campestris species assemblage (Dioscoreaceae). Systematic Botany 39: 1056–1069. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364414X683895
Couto, R.S., Martins, A.C., Bolson, M., Lopes, R.C., Smidt, E.C. & Braga, J.M.A. (2018) Time calibrated tree of Dioscorea (Dioscoreaceae) indicates four origins of yams in the Neotropics since the Eocene. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 188: 144–160. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boy052
Delannay, X., Cornejo, X. & Croat, T. (2019) Two new Xanthosoma (Araceae) species from Guayas province, coastal Ecuador. Aroideana 42: 152–165.
Dinerstein, E., Olson, D.M., Graham, D.J., Webster, A.L., Primm, S.A., Bookbinder, M.P. & Ledec, G. (1995) Una evaluación del estado de conservación de las ecoregiones terrestres de América Latina y el Caribe. World Bank, Washington, D.C., 129 pp.
ESRI - Environmental Systems Research Institute. (2017) ArcGIS Desktop, version 10.5. Redlands, USA.
Grisebach, A. (1842) Dioscoreaceae. In: Martius, C.F.P. & Eichler, A.G. (Eds.) Flora brasiliensis v. 3, part. 1. Frid. Fleischer, München, pp. 26–48.
Knuth, R. (1924) Dioscoreaceae In: Engler, H.G.A. (Ed.) Das Planzenreich 87 (IV. 43). H.R. Engelmann (J. Cramer), Leipzig, 387 pp.
Knuth, R. (1925) X. Dioscoreaceae novae. I. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetalis 21: 77–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19250210111
Knuth, R. (1926) XXXVIII. Dioscoreaceae novae. II. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetalis 22: 22–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19260222206
Knuth, R. (1930) XVI. Dioscoreaceae novae. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetalis 28: 6–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.4870280602
Kunth, C.S. (1850) Enumeratio Plantarum. Volume 5. J. G. Collae, Stuttgart & Tübingen, 908 pp
Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas. Holmiae, Impensis Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm, 823 pp.
Morrone, J.J. (2014) Biogeographical regionalisation of the Andean region. Zootaxa 3936 (2): 207–236. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3936.2.3
Raz, L. (2016) Untangling the West Indian Dioscoreaceae: new combinations, lectotypification and synonymy. Phytotaxa 258 (1): 26–48. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.258.1.2
Schubert, B.G. (1984) Temple Clayton, Chemist and amateur botanist, 1914–1978. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 65: 1–4. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.185914
Sierra, R. (1999) Propuesta Preliminar de un Sistema de Clasificación Vegetal para el Ecuador Continental. Proyecto Inefan-GEF-BIRF y Ecociencia, Quito, Ecuador, 174 pp.
Uline, E.H. (1897) Dioscoreaceae In: Engler, A. & Prantl, K.A.E (Eds.) Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Supplement 2 (part 5). Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 80–87.
Valverde, F. (1991) Estado Actual de la Vegetación Natural de la Cordillera Chongón-Colonche. Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador. 387 pp.
Viruel, J., Forest, F., Paun O., Chase M.W., Devey, D., Couto, R.S., Segarra-Moragues, J.G., Catalán, P. & Wilkin, P. (2018) A nuclear Xdh phylogenetic analysis of yams (Dioscorea: Dioscoreaceae) congruent with plastid trees reveals a new Neotropical lineage. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 232–246. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boy013
Willdenow, K.L. (1806) Species Plantarum. Volume 4 (part 2). G.C. Nauk, Berlin, 1157 pp. (parts 1 & 2 together)