Abstract
Tibet is a very important biodiversity hot spot in China and the diatom flora of this region has drawn a lot of attention. Diatom samples were collected from several places across Tibet. During research on the biodiversity of diatoms from Tibet, one Achnanthidium species showed unique features compared with other known taxa. It has linear-lanceolate valves with rounded apices, tear-drop shaped proximal raphe ends and ?-shaped distal raphe ends. The most distinctive character of this species, however, is the shape of areolae; since this species has nearly round external areolar openings on the valve face but more typical slit-like areolae present on the mantle. Here we describe it as new to science as Achnanthidium tibeticum Y. Liu & Kociolek. We compare this new species with other, similar taxa within the genus.
References
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<p>Czarnecki, D.B. & Edlund, M.B. (1995) New combinations for some taxa of <em>Achnanthes. Diatom Research</em> 10: 207–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705338</p>
<p>Desrosiers, C., Witkowski, A., Riaux-Gobin, C., Zglobicka, I., Kurzydlowski, K.J., Eulin, A., Leflaive, J. & Ten-Hage, L. (2014) <em>Madinithidium</em> gen. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new monoraphid diatom genus from the tropical marine coastal zone. <em>Phycologia </em>53: 583–592. https://doi.org/10.2216/14-21R2</p>
<p>Hlúbiková, D., Ector, L. & Hoffmann, L. (2011) Examination of the type material of some diatom species related to <em>Achnanthidium minutissimum</em> (Kütz.) Czarn. (Bacillariophyceae). <em>Algological Studies </em>136/137: 19–43. https://doi.org/10.1127/1864-1318/2011/0136-0019</p>
<p>Hustedt, F. (1910) Beitrag zur Algenflora von Afrika. Bacillariales aus Dahomé. <em>Archiv für Hydrobiologies and Planktonkunde</em> 5: 365–382.</p>
<p>Hustedt, F. (1922) Bacillariales aus Innerasien. Gesammelt von Dr. Sven Hedin.<em> In: </em>Hedin, S. (Ed.) <em>Southern Tibet, discoveries in former times compared with my own researches in 1906-1908</em>. Lithographic Institute of the General Staff of the Swedish Army, Stockholm, 6: 107–152. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.64226</p>
<p>Jao, C., Zhu, H. & Lee, Y. (1974) The fresh-water algae from Mount Qomolangma district (in Tibet). <em>Report of the Scientific Survey of Mount Qomolangma district </em>1966–1968: 92–126.</p>
<p>Kobayasi, H. (1997) Comparative studies among four linear-lanceolate <em>Achnanthidium</em> species (Bacillariophyceae) with curved terminal raphe endings. <em>Nova Hedwigia </em>65 (1/4): 147–163. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova.hedwigia/65/1997/147</p>
<p>Kobayasi, H., Idei, M., Mayama, S., Nagumo, T. & Osada, K. (2006) <em>Atlas of Japanese Diatoms based on electron microscopy. </em>Volume 1. Uchida Rokakuko Publishing Co., Tokyo. 59 + 533 pp.</p>
<p>Kobayasi, H., Nagumo, T. & Mayama, S. (1986) Observations on the two rheophilic species of the genus <em>Achnanthes</em> (Bacillariophyceae), <em>A. convergens</em> H. Kob. and <em>A. japonica </em>H. Kob. <em>Diatom</em> 2: 83–93.</p>
<p>Kociolek, J.P., You, Q.M., Yu, P., Li, Y.L., Wang, Y.L., Lowe, R. & Wang, Q.X. (2021) Description of <em>Gomphothidium</em> gen. nov., with light and scanning electron microscopy: a new freshwater monoraphid diatom genus from Asia.<em> Fottea</em> 21: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2020.011</p>
<p>Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (2004) Bacillariophyceae 4. Teil: Achnanthaceae, Kritische Erganzungen zu <em>Navicula</em> (Lineolatae), <em>Gomphonema </em>Gesamtliteraturverzeichnis [second revised edition] <em>In: Suesswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Spektrum Akademischer Verlad Heidelberg</em>, 2, 4, 468 pp.</p>
<p>Kulikovskiy, M., Glushchenko, A., Genkal, S.I., Kuznetsova, I.V. & Kociolek, J.P. (2020) <em>Platebaikalia</em> - a new monoraphid diatom genus from ancient Lake Baikal with comments on the genus <em>Platessa. Fottea, Olomouc</em> 20: 58–67. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2019.014</p>
<p>Kulikovskiy, M., Lange-Bertalot , H. & Witkowski, A. (2013) <em>Gliwiczia</em> gen. nov. a new monoraphid diatom genus from Lake Baikal with a description of four species new for science. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 109: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.109.1.1</p>
<p>Kulikovskiy, M., Lange-Bertalot, H. & Kuznetsova, I.V. (2015) Lake Baikal: hotspot of endemic diatoms II. <em>Iconographia Diatomologica</em> 26: 1–656.</p>
<p>Kulikovskiy, M., Maltsev,Y., Glushchenko, A., Kuznetsova, I., Kapustin, D., Gusev, E., Lange-Bertalot, H., Genkal, S. & Kociolek, J.P. (2020) <em>Gogorevia</em>, a new monoraphid diatom genus for <em>Achnanthes exigua</em> and allied taxa (Achnanthidiaceae) described on the basis of an integrated molecular and morphological approach. <em>Journal of Phycology</em> 56: 1601–1613. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.13064</p>
<p>Kulikovskiy, M.S., Lange-Bertalot, H., Metzeltin, D. & Witkowski, A. (2012) Lake Baikal: hotspot of endemic diatoms I. <em>Iconographia Diatomologica </em>23: 7–607.</p>
<p>Kützing, F.T. (1844) <em>Die Kieselschaligen.</em> <em>Bacillarien oder Diatomeen.</em> Nordhausen., 152 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.64360</p>
<p>Li, S. & Zhang, Q. (2008) Geochemistry of the upper Han River basin, China, 1: Spatial distribution of major ion compositions and their controlling factors. <em>Applied Geochemistry </em>23: 3535–3544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.08.012</p>
<p>Lange-Bertalot, H. (1999) Neue Kombinationen von Taxa aus <em>Achnanthes</em> Bory (sensu lato). <em>Iconographia Diatomologica</em> 6: 270–283</p>
<p>Li, Y., Williams, D.M. , Metzeltin, D. , Kociolek, J.P. & Gong, Z. (2010) <em>Tibetiella pulchra </em>gen. nov. <em>et</em> sp. nov. a new freshwater epilithic diatom (Bacillariophyta) from river nujiang in Tibet, China. <em>Journal of Phycology</em> 46: 325–330. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00776.x</p>
<p>Li, Y., You, Q.M., Kociolek, J.P., Wang, L.Q. & Zhang, W. (2019) <em>Gomphosinica selincuoensis</em> sp. nov. a new diatom (Bacillariophyceae) from North Tibet, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 423: 195–205. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.423.3.8</p>
<p>Liu, Q., Li, J.J., Nan, F.R., Feng, J., Lv, J.P., Xie, S.L. & Kociolek, J.P. (2019) New and interesting diatoms from Tibet: I. Description of a new species of <em>Clipeoparvus </em>Woodbridge et al. <em>Diatom Research </em>34: 33–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2019.1578697</p>
<p>Liu, Q., Xiang, Y.D., Yu, P., Xie, S.L. & Kociolek, J.P. (2020) New and interesting diatoms from Tibet. II. Description of two new species of monoraphid diatoms. <em>Diatom Research</em> 35: 353–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2020.1810781</p>
<p>Liu, Q., Yang, L., Nan, F.R., Feng, J., Lv, J.P., Kociolek, J.P. & Xie, S.L. (2018) A new diatom species of <em>Aneumastus</em> D. G. Mann & Stickle ((Bacillariophyta, Bacillariophyceae, Mastogloiales, Mastogloiaceae) from Tibet, China. <em>Phytotaxa </em>373: 231–235. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.3.6</p>
<p>Liu, Y., Kociolek, J.P., Liu, Q., Tan, X. & Fan, Y.W. (2020) A new aerophilic <em>Neidium </em>Pfister (Neidiaceae, Bacillariophyta) species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. <em>Phytotaxa </em>432 (2): 171–180. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.432.2.6</p>
<p>Liu, Y., Tan, X., Kociolek, J.P., Kulikovskiy, M., Lu, X.X. & Fan, Y.W. (2021) One new species of <em>Achnanthidium </em>Kützing (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae) from the upper Han River, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 516 (2): 187–194. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.516.2.6</p>
<p>Monnier, O., Lange-Bertalot, H., Rimet, F., Hoffmann, L. & Ector, L. (2004) <em>Achnanthidium atomoides sp. nov.</em>, A new diatom from the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg. <em>Vie Milieu</em> 54 (2–3): 127–136.</p>
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