Abstract
Chrysopogon densipaniculatus, a remarkable new species has been described and illustrated from Korba district of Chhattisgarh, India. The species is allied to C. serrulatus but may be distinguished by the dense panicle inflorescence, glandular peduncle, upper lemma and palea of the pedicelled spikelet bi-dentate to tridentate, the latter of which is reduced a minute scale. Detailed morphological description, distribution, habitat and ecology, illustration of floral parts and colour photographs, IUCN conservation status and relevant taxonomic notes of the species are provided. A key for the identification of Chrysopogon species in India is also given to facilitate the proper identification.
References
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<p>Clayton, W.D. & Renvoize, S.A. (1986) <em>Genera Graminum; Grasses of the World</em>, Her Majesty’s Stationery office, United Kingdom.</p>
<p>Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006 onwards) GrassBase—The Online World Grass Flora. Available from: http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db.html (accessed 17 August 2015)</p>
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<p>Forman, L. & Bridson, D. (1991) <em>The herbarium handbook</em>. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Hackel, E. (1891) Descriptiones Graminum novorum. <em>Oesterreichische botanische Zeitschrift</em> 41: 47–50. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28710554</p>
<p>Haines, H.H. (1924) <em>The Botany of Bihar and Orissa</em>, part 5. Adlard & Son & West Newman, London, 1056 pp.</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1896) <em>Flora of British India, </em>Vol. 7<em>. </em>L. Reeve & Co., London, 842 pp.</p>
<p>IUCN (2016) <em>Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, </em>version 10.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, Cambridge U.K. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf. (accessed 30 September 2013)</p>
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<p>Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989) <em>Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae. </em>Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, pp. 197–198.</p>
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<p>Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.F.J. (1812) <em>Essai d’une Nouvelle Agrostographie</em>. Paris, 182 pp.</p>
<p>Potdar, G.G., Salunkhe, C.B. & Yadav, S.R. (2012) <em>Grasses of Maharashtra</em>. Registrar, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 656 pp.</p>
<p>POWO (2021) Plants of the World Online. – Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, https://powo.science.kew.org/ (retrieved 30 January 2022)</p>
<p>Pullaiah, T. (1997) <em>Flora of Andhra Pradesh. </em>Vol. 3. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, pp. 1349.</p>
<p>Ravi, N., Mohanan, N., Kiran Raj, M.S., Shaju, T. & Rajesh, R. (2000) Two new species of Poaceae from Kerala, India. <em>Rheedea </em>10 (2): 91–98.</p>
<p>Ravi, N., Mohanan, N. & Kiran Raj, M.S. (2001) Three new species of Poaceae from South India<em>. Rheedea </em>11 (2): 87–96.</p>
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<p>Shukla, U. (1996) <em>The Grasses of North-Eastern India</em>. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, pp 308.</p>
<p>Shukla, A.N., Dudbey, P.C. & Singh, K.P. (2009) Grasses of Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve. <em>Indian Journal of Tropical Biodiversity</em> 17 (1): 1–30.</p>
<p>Singh, N.P., Khanna, K.K., Mudgal, V. & Dixit, R.D. (2001) <em>Flora of Madhya Pradesh</em>, Vol. 3. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, 586 pp.</p>
<p>Singh, P., Karthigeyan, K., Lakshminarasimhan, P. & Dash, S.S. (2015) <em>Endemic Vascular Plants of India</em>. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 296 pp.</p>
<p>Sreekumar, P.V., Nair, V.J. & Nair, N.C. (1983) <em>Chrysopogon tadulingamii—</em>A new species of Poaceae from Kerala, India. <em>Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society </em>80 (1): 198–200. Available from: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/191541#page/218/mode/1up (accessed 1 May 2017)</p>
<p>Sreekumar, P.V. & Nair, V.J. (1991) <em>Flora of Kerala - Grasses</em>. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, 470 pp.</p>
<p>Steudel, E.G. (1840) <em>Chrysopogon verticillatus</em>. <em>In</em>: <em>Nomenclator Botanicus</em>. Editio secunda, Pars 1. J .G. Cottae, Stuttgardtiae et Tubingae, 810 pp. Available from: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/11567#page/3/mode/1up (accessed 1 May 2017)</p>
<p>Studel, E.G. (1855) <em>Synopsis Plantarum Glumacearum, Part 1</em>, J. B. Metzler, Germany, 397 pp.</p>
<p>Sunil, C.N., Ratheesh Narayanan, M.K., Sivadasan, M., Shaju, T., Naveen Kumar, V.V. & Alfarhan, A.H. (2017) A new species of <em>Chrysopogon </em>(Poaceae: Andropogoneae) from India. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 307 (4): 245–253.</p>
<p>Tarbej,S., Mane, P. and Potdar, G. (2020) <em>Chrysopogon shrirangii </em>sp. nov. (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) from Karnataka, India. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 38 (7): 1–7.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020 [continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. </em>New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 18 January 2020)</p>
<p>Thoiba, K. & Pradeep, A.K. (2014) <em>Chrysopogon festucoides </em>(Poaceae): A new record for South India. <em>Rheedea </em>24 (1): 56–59.</p>
<p>Trinius, C.B. (1820) <em>Fundamenta Agrostographiae</em>. J.G. Heubner, Viennae, 214 pp.</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclatureforalgae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code). </em>Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Veldkamp, J.F. (1999) A revision of <em>Chrysopogon </em>Trin. including <em>Vetiveria </em>Bory (Poaceae) in Thailand and Malesia with notes on some other species from Africa and Australia. <em>Austrobaileya </em>5 (3): 503–533. Available from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/41738927 (accessed 1 May 2017)</p>
<p>Veldkamp, J.F. & Salunkhe, C.B. (2000) <em>Chrysopogon castaneus </em>(Poaceae-Andropogoneae), a new species from Maharashtra, India. <em>Rheedea </em>10 (1): 59–61.</p>
<p>Blatter, E. & McCann, C. (1928) Revision of the flora of the Bombay presidency Part V Gramineae. <em>Journal of Bombay Natural History Society</em> 32: 408–435.</p>
<p>Blatter, E. & McCann, C. (1935) <em>The Bombay Grasses</em>. Scientific monograph, Imperial council of agricultural research, India, 324 pp.</p>
<p>Bor, N.L. (1954) Notes on Asiatic grasses XVI <em>Indochloa </em>Bor a new genus of Indian grasses.<em> Kew Bulletin</em> 9 (1): 73–81.</p>
<p>Bor, N.L. (1960) <em>The Grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan (excluding Bambuseae)</em>. Pergamon Press, London, 767 pp.</p>
<p>Camus, A. (1922) <em>Capillipedium assimile</em>. <em>In</em>: Lecomte, M.H. (Ed.) <em>Flore Generale de L’Indo-Chine </em>7: 314. Available from: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98336#page/354/mode/1up (accessed 1 May 2017)</p>
<p>Clayton, W.D. & Renvoize, S.A. (1986) <em>Genera Graminum; Grasses of the World</em>, Her Majesty’s Stationery office, United Kingdom.</p>
<p>Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006 onwards) GrassBase—The Online World Grass Flora. Available from: http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db.html (accessed 17 August 2015)</p>
<p>Fischer, C.E.C. (1928) <em>Chrysopogon hackelii</em>. <em>In</em>: Gamble, J.S. & Fischer, C.E.C. (Eds.) <em>Flora of the Presidency of Madras. </em>Vol. 3.Adlard & Son Ltd., London, pp. 1347–2017.</p>
<p>Forman, L. & Bridson, D. (1991) <em>The herbarium handbook</em>. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Hackel, E. (1891) Descriptiones Graminum novorum. <em>Oesterreichische botanische Zeitschrift</em> 41: 47–50. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28710554</p>
<p>Haines, H.H. (1924) <em>The Botany of Bihar and Orissa</em>, part 5. Adlard & Son & West Newman, London, 1056 pp.</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1896) <em>Flora of British India, </em>Vol. 7<em>. </em>L. Reeve & Co., London, 842 pp.</p>
<p>IUCN (2016) <em>Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, </em>version 10.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, Cambridge U.K. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf. (accessed 30 September 2013)</p>
<p>Kabeer, K.A.A. & Nair, V.J. (2009) <em>Flora of Tamil Nadu – Grasses</em>. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 525 pp.</p>
<p>Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989) <em>Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae. </em>Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, pp. 197–198.</p>
<p>Kellogg, E.A. (2015) Poaceae. <em>In</em>: Kubitski, K. (Ed.) <em>The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. </em>Vol. 13<em>. </em>Springer, Berlin, pp. 311.</p>
<p>Kellogg, E.A., Abbott, J.R., Bawa, K.S., Gandhi, K.N., Kailash, B.R., Ganeshaiah, K.N., Shrestha, U.B. & Raven, P. (2020) Checklist of the grasses of India. <em>PhytoKeys</em> 163: 1–560. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.163.38393</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species plantarum </em>Vol.1. Imprensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 560 pp.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species plantarum </em>Vol.2. Imprensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 1200 pp.</p>
<p>Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.F.J. (1812) <em>Essai d’une Nouvelle Agrostographie</em>. Paris, 182 pp.</p>
<p>Potdar, G.G., Salunkhe, C.B. & Yadav, S.R. (2012) <em>Grasses of Maharashtra</em>. Registrar, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 656 pp.</p>
<p>POWO (2021) Plants of the World Online. – Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, https://powo.science.kew.org/ (retrieved 30 January 2022)</p>
<p>Pullaiah, T. (1997) <em>Flora of Andhra Pradesh. </em>Vol. 3. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, pp. 1349.</p>
<p>Ravi, N., Mohanan, N., Kiran Raj, M.S., Shaju, T. & Rajesh, R. (2000) Two new species of Poaceae from Kerala, India. <em>Rheedea </em>10 (2): 91–98.</p>
<p>Ravi, N., Mohanan, N. & Kiran Raj, M.S. (2001) Three new species of Poaceae from South India<em>. Rheedea </em>11 (2): 87–96.</p>
<p>Roemer, J.J. & Schultes, J.A. (1817) <em>Systema Vegetabilium </em>2. J.G. Cotta, Stuttgardtia [Stuttgart], 836 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.825</p>
<p>Retzius, A.J. (1783) <em>Observationes botanicae Fasc. 4.</em> Siegfried Lebrecht Crusium, Leipzig, pp 1–30.</p>
<p>Roxburgh, W. (1820) <em>Flora Indica; or descriptions of Indian Plants </em>Vol.1<em>.</em>Mission Press, Serampore, <em>493 pp.</em></p>
<p>Shukla, U. (1996) <em>The Grasses of North-Eastern India</em>. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, pp 308.</p>
<p>Shukla, A.N., Dudbey, P.C. & Singh, K.P. (2009) Grasses of Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve. <em>Indian Journal of Tropical Biodiversity</em> 17 (1): 1–30.</p>
<p>Singh, N.P., Khanna, K.K., Mudgal, V. & Dixit, R.D. (2001) <em>Flora of Madhya Pradesh</em>, Vol. 3. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, 586 pp.</p>
<p>Singh, P., Karthigeyan, K., Lakshminarasimhan, P. & Dash, S.S. (2015) <em>Endemic Vascular Plants of India</em>. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 296 pp.</p>
<p>Sreekumar, P.V., Nair, V.J. & Nair, N.C. (1983) <em>Chrysopogon tadulingamii—</em>A new species of Poaceae from Kerala, India. <em>Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society </em>80 (1): 198–200. Available from: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/191541#page/218/mode/1up (accessed 1 May 2017)</p>
<p>Sreekumar, P.V. & Nair, V.J. (1991) <em>Flora of Kerala - Grasses</em>. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, 470 pp.</p>
<p>Steudel, E.G. (1840) <em>Chrysopogon verticillatus</em>. <em>In</em>: <em>Nomenclator Botanicus</em>. Editio secunda, Pars 1. J .G. Cottae, Stuttgardtiae et Tubingae, 810 pp. Available from: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/11567#page/3/mode/1up (accessed 1 May 2017)</p>
<p>Studel, E.G. (1855) <em>Synopsis Plantarum Glumacearum, Part 1</em>, J. B. Metzler, Germany, 397 pp.</p>
<p>Sunil, C.N., Ratheesh Narayanan, M.K., Sivadasan, M., Shaju, T., Naveen Kumar, V.V. & Alfarhan, A.H. (2017) A new species of <em>Chrysopogon </em>(Poaceae: Andropogoneae) from India. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 307 (4): 245–253.</p>
<p>Tarbej,S., Mane, P. and Potdar, G. (2020) <em>Chrysopogon shrirangii </em>sp. nov. (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) from Karnataka, India. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 38 (7): 1–7.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020 [continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. </em>New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 18 January 2020)</p>
<p>Thoiba, K. & Pradeep, A.K. (2014) <em>Chrysopogon festucoides </em>(Poaceae): A new record for South India. <em>Rheedea </em>24 (1): 56–59.</p>
<p>Trinius, C.B. (1820) <em>Fundamenta Agrostographiae</em>. J.G. Heubner, Viennae, 214 pp.</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclatureforalgae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code). </em>Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Veldkamp, J.F. (1999) A revision of <em>Chrysopogon </em>Trin. including <em>Vetiveria </em>Bory (Poaceae) in Thailand and Malesia with notes on some other species from Africa and Australia. <em>Austrobaileya </em>5 (3): 503–533. Available from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/41738927 (accessed 1 May 2017)</p>
<p>Veldkamp, J.F. & Salunkhe, C.B. (2000) <em>Chrysopogon castaneus </em>(Poaceae-Andropogoneae), a new species from Maharashtra, India. <em>Rheedea </em>10 (1): 59–61.</p>