Abstract
An emended description of Astragalus nigriceps is provided with illustrations and information on several morphological characters not indicated in the protologue but necessary for identification, including the size of stipule, leaflet, peduncle, bract, calyx, petals, fruit, and also characteristics of raceme and pistil. This species is a new record for the flora of Iran. A detailed description, ecology and biogeography of the species are given along with conservation status of the species.
References
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<p>Akhavan Roofigar, A. & Maassoumi, A.A. (2020) A new species of <em>Astragalus</em> section <em>Dissitiflori</em> (Fabaceae) from Iran; evidence from morphological and molecular data. <em>Iranian Journal of Botany</em> 26 (1): 6–15.</p>
<p>Azani, N., Bruneau, A., Wojciechowski, M.F. & Zarre, S. (2017) Molecular phylogenetics of annual <em>Astragalus </em>(Fabaceae) and its systematic implications. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society </em>184: 347–365. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/box032</p>
<p>Azani, N., Bruneau, A., Wojciechowski, M.F. & Zarre, S. (2019) Miocene climate change as a driving force for multiple origins of annual species in <em>Astragalus</em> (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae) <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 137: 210–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.05.008</p>
<p>Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessment with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. <em>ZooKeys</em> 150: 117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109</p>
<p>Bagheri, A., Mahmoodi, M., Maassoumi, A.A. & Blattner, F.R. (2019) A new species of <em>Astragalus</em> sect. <em>Hypoglottidei</em> (Fabaceae) from Iran. <em>Iranian Journal of Botany </em>25 (2): 95–102.</p>
<p>Bidarlord, M. & Ghahremaninejad, F. (2021) <em>Astragalus dinawarii</em> (section <em>Incani</em>), a new species from the Talesh Mountains, northwestern Iran. <em>Novon</em> 29: 221–226. https://doi.org/10.3417/2021697</p>
<p>Bidarlord, M., Ghahremaninejad, F. & Maassoumi, A.A. (2016) A new species of the genus <em>Astragalus</em> (Leguminosae) from Northwest Iran. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 252: 280–284. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.4.4</p>
<p>Bunge, A.A. (1868) Generis Astragali Species Gerontogeae. <em>Mémoires L’Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint Pétersbourg Série 7</em>, 11 (16): 1–140.</p>
<p>De Candolle, A.P. (1825) <em>Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis </em>2. Parisii: Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttelet Würtz, 644 pp.</p>
<p>Fedtschenko, B.A., Popov, M.G, Borissova, A.G., Rajkova, I.A. & Roshevits, R.J. (1932) <em>Flora Turkmenii</em>. Vol. 1. AN SSSR, Leningrad, 340 pp.</p>
<p>Freyn, J. (1905) Plantae ex Asia Media. <em>Bulletin de l’Herbier Boissier Ser. II</em>.v. 557–572.</p>
<p>Ghahremaninejad, F. (2004) The sections of <em>Astragalus </em>with bifurcating hair in Iran. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany </em>28 (1/2): 101–117.</p>
<p>Ghahremaninejad, F. (2005) Two new records <em>Astragalus</em> species of sections <em>Anthylloidei </em>DC. and <em>Dissitiflori</em> DC. from Iran. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 29 (5): 399–402.</p>
<p>Ghahremaninejad, F. (2015) Notes about <em>Astragalus</em> (Leguminosae) in Iran. <em>Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien</em> 117 B: 279–281.</p>
<p>Ghahremaninejad, F. & Joharchi, M.R. (2020) 840th species of genus <em>Astragalus</em> (Fabaceae) for the flora of Iran from Khorassan Province as a new record: <em>A. globiceps</em> Bunge. <em>Journal of Plant Research</em> 32 (4): 906–910.</p>
<p>IUCN (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Downloadable from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 10 July 2021)</p>
<p>Koch, K. (1849) Beiträge zu einer Flora des Orientes. <em>Linnaea</em> 22 (3): 177–338.</p>
<p>Køie, M. & Rechinger, K.H. (1958) Symbolae Afghanicae III. <em>Biologiske Skrifter</em> 9 (3): 1–208.</p>
<p>László, B., Nicolae, D., Molnár, A.V. & Gábor, S. (2013) Molecular evidence for reticulate speciation in <em>Astragalus</em> (Fabaceae) as revealed by a case study from sect. <em>Dissitiflori</em>. <em>Botany</em> 91 (10): 702–714. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2013-0036</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum.</em> Vol. 2. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 639 pp.</p>
<p>Maassoumi, A.A., Ghahremaninejad, F. & Ghahreman, A. (2000) <em>Astragalus moussavii</em> (Fabaceae), a new species of <em>Astragalus</em> sect. <em>Xiphidium</em> from Iran, with supplementary notes on the section. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 20: 353–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2000.tb00749.x</p>
<p>Mehrnia, M. & Maassoumi, A.A. (2021) A new species of the genus <em>Astragalus</em> from Iran. <em>Iranian Journal of Botany</em> 27 (1): 1–4.</p>
<p>Memariani, F., Zarrinpour, V. & Akhani, H. (2016a) A review of plant diversity, vegetation, and phytogeography of the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province in the Irano-Turanian region (northeastern Iran– southern Turkmenistan). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 249: 8–30. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.249.1.4</p>
<p>Memariani, F., Akhani, H. & Joharchi, M.R. (2016b) Endemic plants of the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province in the Irano-Turanian. <em>Phytotaxa </em>249: 31–117. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.249.1.5</p>
<p>Memariani, F. (2020) The Khorassan-Kopet Dagh Mountains. <em>In: </em>Noroozi, J. (Ed.) <em>Plant Biogeography and Vegetation of High Mountains of Central and South-West Asia</em>. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, pp. 93–116. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45212-4_3</p>
<p>Nasseh, Y., Joharchi, M.R. & Ghahremaninejad, F. (2020) Two new species and a new record of <em>Astragalus</em> sect. <em>Ammodendron</em> (Fabaceae) from Northeastern Iran. <em>Novon</em> 28 (4): 263–270. https://doi.org/10.3417/2020494</p>
<p>Pahlevani, A.H., Maassoumi, A.A. & Kazempour-Osaloo, S. (2020) What is <em>Astragalus wiesneri</em>? Disentangling a new species from its relatives in section <em>Anthylloidei</em>. <em>Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid </em>77 (2): e103. https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2573</p>
<p>Podlech, D. (2001) Contributions to the knowledge of the genus <em>Astragalus</em> L. (Leguminosae) VII-X. <em>Sendtnera</em> 7: 163–201.</p>
<p>Podlech, D., Zarre, S. (2013) <em>A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Astragalus L. (Leguminosae) in the Old World</em>. Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, 2439 pp.</p>
<p>Podlech, D., Zarre, S., Maassoumi, A.A., Ekici, M. & Sytin, A. (2010) Papilionaceae VI, <em>Astragalus</em> IV. <em>In</em>: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora Iranica</em>, Lfg. 178. Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, 430 pp.</p>
<p>Popov, M.G. (1947) Generis Astragali species novae. <em>Botaničeskie Materialy Gerbarija botaničeskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR </em>10: 3–29.</p>
<p>Stapf, O. (1886) Die botanischen Ergebnisse der Polak’schen Expedition im Jahre 1882. Plantae collectae a D<sup>re </sup>J.E. Polak et Th. Pichler. II. Theil. <em>Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissens chaftliche Klasse</em> 51 (2): 271–346.</p>
<p>Takhtajan, A.L. (1986) <em>Floristic Regions of the World</em>. Berkeley, University of California Press, Los Angeles, London, 522 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021 [Continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 10 July 2021).</p>
<p>Zarre, S., Podlech, D. & Taeb, F. (2005) New species of the genus <em>Astragalus</em> L. (Fabaceae), mainly from the “Flora Iranica” area. <em>Feddes Repertorium</em> 116 (1–2): 54–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.200411059</p>
<p>Akhavan Roofigar, A. & Maassoumi, A.A. (2020) A new species of <em>Astragalus</em> section <em>Dissitiflori</em> (Fabaceae) from Iran; evidence from morphological and molecular data. <em>Iranian Journal of Botany</em> 26 (1): 6–15.</p>
<p>Azani, N., Bruneau, A., Wojciechowski, M.F. & Zarre, S. (2017) Molecular phylogenetics of annual <em>Astragalus </em>(Fabaceae) and its systematic implications. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society </em>184: 347–365. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/box032</p>
<p>Azani, N., Bruneau, A., Wojciechowski, M.F. & Zarre, S. (2019) Miocene climate change as a driving force for multiple origins of annual species in <em>Astragalus</em> (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae) <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 137: 210–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.05.008</p>
<p>Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessment with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. <em>ZooKeys</em> 150: 117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109</p>
<p>Bagheri, A., Mahmoodi, M., Maassoumi, A.A. & Blattner, F.R. (2019) A new species of <em>Astragalus</em> sect. <em>Hypoglottidei</em> (Fabaceae) from Iran. <em>Iranian Journal of Botany </em>25 (2): 95–102.</p>
<p>Bidarlord, M. & Ghahremaninejad, F. (2021) <em>Astragalus dinawarii</em> (section <em>Incani</em>), a new species from the Talesh Mountains, northwestern Iran. <em>Novon</em> 29: 221–226. https://doi.org/10.3417/2021697</p>
<p>Bidarlord, M., Ghahremaninejad, F. & Maassoumi, A.A. (2016) A new species of the genus <em>Astragalus</em> (Leguminosae) from Northwest Iran. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 252: 280–284. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.4.4</p>
<p>Bunge, A.A. (1868) Generis Astragali Species Gerontogeae. <em>Mémoires L’Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint Pétersbourg Série 7</em>, 11 (16): 1–140.</p>
<p>De Candolle, A.P. (1825) <em>Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis </em>2. Parisii: Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttelet Würtz, 644 pp.</p>
<p>Fedtschenko, B.A., Popov, M.G, Borissova, A.G., Rajkova, I.A. & Roshevits, R.J. (1932) <em>Flora Turkmenii</em>. Vol. 1. AN SSSR, Leningrad, 340 pp.</p>
<p>Freyn, J. (1905) Plantae ex Asia Media. <em>Bulletin de l’Herbier Boissier Ser. II</em>.v. 557–572.</p>
<p>Ghahremaninejad, F. (2004) The sections of <em>Astragalus </em>with bifurcating hair in Iran. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany </em>28 (1/2): 101–117.</p>
<p>Ghahremaninejad, F. (2005) Two new records <em>Astragalus</em> species of sections <em>Anthylloidei </em>DC. and <em>Dissitiflori</em> DC. from Iran. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 29 (5): 399–402.</p>
<p>Ghahremaninejad, F. (2015) Notes about <em>Astragalus</em> (Leguminosae) in Iran. <em>Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien</em> 117 B: 279–281.</p>
<p>Ghahremaninejad, F. & Joharchi, M.R. (2020) 840th species of genus <em>Astragalus</em> (Fabaceae) for the flora of Iran from Khorassan Province as a new record: <em>A. globiceps</em> Bunge. <em>Journal of Plant Research</em> 32 (4): 906–910.</p>
<p>IUCN (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Downloadable from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 10 July 2021)</p>
<p>Koch, K. (1849) Beiträge zu einer Flora des Orientes. <em>Linnaea</em> 22 (3): 177–338.</p>
<p>Køie, M. & Rechinger, K.H. (1958) Symbolae Afghanicae III. <em>Biologiske Skrifter</em> 9 (3): 1–208.</p>
<p>László, B., Nicolae, D., Molnár, A.V. & Gábor, S. (2013) Molecular evidence for reticulate speciation in <em>Astragalus</em> (Fabaceae) as revealed by a case study from sect. <em>Dissitiflori</em>. <em>Botany</em> 91 (10): 702–714. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2013-0036</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum.</em> Vol. 2. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 639 pp.</p>
<p>Maassoumi, A.A., Ghahremaninejad, F. & Ghahreman, A. (2000) <em>Astragalus moussavii</em> (Fabaceae), a new species of <em>Astragalus</em> sect. <em>Xiphidium</em> from Iran, with supplementary notes on the section. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 20: 353–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2000.tb00749.x</p>
<p>Mehrnia, M. & Maassoumi, A.A. (2021) A new species of the genus <em>Astragalus</em> from Iran. <em>Iranian Journal of Botany</em> 27 (1): 1–4.</p>
<p>Memariani, F., Zarrinpour, V. & Akhani, H. (2016a) A review of plant diversity, vegetation, and phytogeography of the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province in the Irano-Turanian region (northeastern Iran– southern Turkmenistan). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 249: 8–30. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.249.1.4</p>
<p>Memariani, F., Akhani, H. & Joharchi, M.R. (2016b) Endemic plants of the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province in the Irano-Turanian. <em>Phytotaxa </em>249: 31–117. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.249.1.5</p>
<p>Memariani, F. (2020) The Khorassan-Kopet Dagh Mountains. <em>In: </em>Noroozi, J. (Ed.) <em>Plant Biogeography and Vegetation of High Mountains of Central and South-West Asia</em>. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, pp. 93–116. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45212-4_3</p>
<p>Nasseh, Y., Joharchi, M.R. & Ghahremaninejad, F. (2020) Two new species and a new record of <em>Astragalus</em> sect. <em>Ammodendron</em> (Fabaceae) from Northeastern Iran. <em>Novon</em> 28 (4): 263–270. https://doi.org/10.3417/2020494</p>
<p>Pahlevani, A.H., Maassoumi, A.A. & Kazempour-Osaloo, S. (2020) What is <em>Astragalus wiesneri</em>? Disentangling a new species from its relatives in section <em>Anthylloidei</em>. <em>Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid </em>77 (2): e103. https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2573</p>
<p>Podlech, D. (2001) Contributions to the knowledge of the genus <em>Astragalus</em> L. (Leguminosae) VII-X. <em>Sendtnera</em> 7: 163–201.</p>
<p>Podlech, D., Zarre, S. (2013) <em>A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Astragalus L. (Leguminosae) in the Old World</em>. Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, 2439 pp.</p>
<p>Podlech, D., Zarre, S., Maassoumi, A.A., Ekici, M. & Sytin, A. (2010) Papilionaceae VI, <em>Astragalus</em> IV. <em>In</em>: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora Iranica</em>, Lfg. 178. Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, 430 pp.</p>
<p>Popov, M.G. (1947) Generis Astragali species novae. <em>Botaničeskie Materialy Gerbarija botaničeskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR </em>10: 3–29.</p>
<p>Stapf, O. (1886) Die botanischen Ergebnisse der Polak’schen Expedition im Jahre 1882. Plantae collectae a D<sup>re </sup>J.E. Polak et Th. Pichler. II. Theil. <em>Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissens chaftliche Klasse</em> 51 (2): 271–346.</p>
<p>Takhtajan, A.L. (1986) <em>Floristic Regions of the World</em>. Berkeley, University of California Press, Los Angeles, London, 522 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021 [Continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 10 July 2021).</p>
<p>Zarre, S., Podlech, D. & Taeb, F. (2005) New species of the genus <em>Astragalus</em> L. (Fabaceae), mainly from the “Flora Iranica” area. <em>Feddes Repertorium</em> 116 (1–2): 54–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.200411059</p>