Abstract
An ascomycete collected from wood submerged in Qaroun Lake, El-Faiyum governorate, Egypt, is described as a new genus in the family Halosphaeriaceae. Multigene analyses based on LSU, SSU and ITS rDNA placed the new fungus as a distinct branch within the family. The new genus is characterized by its yellow to orange-brown ascomata, thin-walled, semi-persistent asci, hyaline to yellow-orange, thick-walled, distoseptate ascospores with one polar appendage that is amorphous in structure, large in size and irregular in shape.
References
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Abdel-Aziz, F.A. (2010) Marine fungi from two sandy Mediterranean beaches on the Egyptian north coast. Botanica Marina 53: 283–289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2010.023
Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Jones, E.B.G. & Bahkali, A.H. (2020) Marine fungi recorded from Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. and their secondary product potential. Nova Hedwigia 111: 357–390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2020/0600
Abdel-Wahab, M.A. & Nagahama, T. (2012) Halosarpheia japonica sp. nov. (Halosphaeriales, Ascomycota) from marine habitats in Japan. Mycological Progress 11: 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11557-010-0731-0
Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Nagahama, T. & Abdel-Aziz, F.A. (2009) Two new Corollospora species and one new anamorph based on morphological and molecular data. Mycoscience 50: 147–155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/S10267-008-0466-9
Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Pang, K.L., Nagahama, T., Abdel-Aziz, F.A. & Jones, E.B.G. (2010) Phylogenetic evaluation of anamorphic species of Cirrenalia and Cumulospora with the description of eight new genera and four new species. Mycological Progress 9: 537–558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-010-0661-x
Abdel-Wahab, M.A., El-Sharouny, H.M. & Jones, E.B.G. (2001a) Two new intertidal lignicolous Swampomyces species from Red Sea mangroves in Egypt. Fungal Diversity 8: 35–40.
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Ball, J. (1939) A Contribution to the Geography of Egypt. Survey and Mines Department, Cairo, 339 pp.
Bunyard, B.A., Nicholson, M.S. & Royde, D.J. (1994) A systematic assessment of Morchella using RFLP analysis of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene. Mycologia 86: 762–772. https://doi.org/10.2307/3760589
Devadatha, B., Jones, E.B.G., Pang, K.L., Abdel?Wahab, M.A., Hyde, K.D., Sakayaroj, J., Bahkali, A.H., Calabon, M.S., Sarma, V.V., Sutreong, S. & Zhang, S.N. (2021) Occurrence and geographical distribution of mangrove fungi. Fungal Diversity 106: 137–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-020-00468-0
Dupont, J., Magnin, S., Rousseau, F., Zbinden, M., Frebourg, G., Samadi, S., Richer de Forges, B. & Jones, E.B.G. (2009) Molecular and ultrastructural characterization of two ascomycetes found on sunken wood off Vanuatu Islands in the deep Pacific Ocean. Mycological Research 113: 1351–1364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2009.08.015
El-Sharouny, H.M., Gherbawy, Y.A.M.H. & Abdel-Aziz, F.A. (2009) Fungal diversity in brackish and saline lakes in Egypt. Nova Hedwigia 89: 437–450. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2009/0089-0437
Goher, M.E., El-Rouby, W.M.A., El-Dek, S.I., El-Sayed, S.M. & Noaemy, S.G. (2018) Water quality assessment of Qarun Lake and heavy metals decontamination from its drains using nanocomposites. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 464: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/464/1/012003
Jones, E.B.G., Ju, W.T., Lu, C.L., Guo, S.Y. & Pang, K.L. (2017) The Halosphaeriaceae revisited. Botanica Marina 60: 453–468. https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2016-0113
Jones, E.B.G., Pang, K.L., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Scholz, B., Hyde, K.D., Boekhout, T., Ebel, R., Rateb, M.E., Henderson, L., Sakayaroj, J., Suetrong, S., Dayarathne, M.C., Kumar, V., Raghukumar, S., Sridhar, K.R., Bahkali, A.H., Gleason, F. & Norphanphoun, C. (2019) An online resource for marine fungi. Fungal Diversity 96: 347–433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-019-00426-5
Jones, E.B.G., Suetrong, S., Cheng, W.H., Rungjindamai, N., Sakayaroj, J., Boonyuen, N., Somrothipol, S., Abdel-Wahab, M.A. & Pang, K.L. (2014) An additional fungal lineage in the Hypocreomycetidae (Falcocladium species) and the taxonomic re-evaluation of Chaetosphaeria chaetosa and Swampomyces species, based on morphology, ecology and phylogeny. Cryptogamie Mycologie 35: 119–138. https://doi.org/10.7872/crym.v35.iss2.2014.119
Jones, E.B.G., Vrijmoed, L.L.P., Read, S.J. & Moss, S.T. (1994) Tirispora, a new ascomycetous genus in the Halosphaeriales. Canadian Journal of Botany 72: 1373–1378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-168
Kohlmeyer, J. & Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B. (1989) Hawaiian marine fungi, including two new genera of Ascomycotina. Mycological Research 92: 470–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-168
Kohlmeyer, J. (1972) A revision of Halosphaeriaceae. Canadian Journal of Botany 50: 1951–1963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b72-249
Kohlmeyer, J. & Kohlmeyer, E. (1979) Marine mycology. The higher fungi. Academic Press, New York. 690 pp.
Kohlmeyer, J. & Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B. (1988) Ophiodeira gen. nov. (Halosphaeriales) and a survey of higher marine fungi from Saint Croix (Virgin Islands). Canadian Journal of Botany 66: 2062–2067. https://doi.org/10.1139/b88-282
Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C. & Tamura, K. (2018) MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution 35: 1547–1549. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy096
Meshal, A.H. (1977) The problem of salinity increase in Lake Qarun (Egypt) and a proposed solution. ICES Journal of Marine Science 37: 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/37.2.137
Mu?ller, E. & von Arx, J.A. (1962) Die Gattungen der didymosporen Pyrenomyceten. Beitra?ge zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz 11: 783–795.
Nylander, J.A.A. (2004) MrModeltest v2. Program distributed by the author. Evolutionary Biology Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala.
Pang, K.L., Jones, E.B.G., Vrijmoed, L.L.P. & Sabaratnam, V. (2004) Okeanomyces, a new genus to accommodate Halosphaeria cucullata (Halosphaeriales, Ascomycota). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146: 223–229. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00314.x
Perrière, G. & Gouy, M. (1996) WWW-Query: An on-line retrieval system for biological sequence banks. Biochimie 78: 364–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9084(96)84768-7
Réblová, M., Miller, A.N., Rossman, A.Y., Seifert, K.A., Crous, P.W., Hawksworth, D.L., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Cannon, P.F., Daranagama, D.A., De Beer, Z.W., Huang, S.K., Hyde, K.D., Jayawardena, R., Jaklitsch, W., Jones, E.B.G., Ju, Y.M., Judith, C., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Pang, K.L., Petrini, L.E., Raja, H.A., Romero, A.I., Shearer, C., Senanayake, I.C., Voglmayr, H., Weir, B.S., Wijayawarden, N.N. (2016) Recommendations for competing sexual-asexually typified generic names in Sordariomycetes (except Diaporthales, Hypocreales, and Magnaporthales). IMA Fungus 7: 131–153. https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2016.07.01.08
Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Höhna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M.A., Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012) MrBayes 3.2: Efficient bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology 61: 539–42. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
Shearer, C.A. & Crane, J.L. (1980) Fungi of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries VIII. Ascomycetes with unfurling appendages. Botanica Marina 23: 607–615.
Swofford, D.L. (2002) PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
Thompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Plewniak, F., Jeanmougin, F. & Higgins, D.G. (1997) The ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research 25: 4876–4882. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.24.4876
White, T.J., Bruns, T.D., Lee, S.B. & Taylor, J.W. (1990) Analysis of phylogenetic relationships by amplification and direct sequencing of ribosomal DNA genes. In: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (Eds.) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic, San Diego, pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1
Abdel-Aziz, F.A. (2010) Marine fungi from two sandy Mediterranean beaches on the Egyptian north coast. Botanica Marina 53: 283–289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2010.023
Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Jones, E.B.G. & Bahkali, A.H. (2020) Marine fungi recorded from Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. and their secondary product potential. Nova Hedwigia 111: 357–390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2020/0600
Abdel-Wahab, M.A. & Nagahama, T. (2012) Halosarpheia japonica sp. nov. (Halosphaeriales, Ascomycota) from marine habitats in Japan. Mycological Progress 11: 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11557-010-0731-0
Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Nagahama, T. & Abdel-Aziz, F.A. (2009) Two new Corollospora species and one new anamorph based on morphological and molecular data. Mycoscience 50: 147–155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/S10267-008-0466-9
Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Pang, K.L., Nagahama, T., Abdel-Aziz, F.A. & Jones, E.B.G. (2010) Phylogenetic evaluation of anamorphic species of Cirrenalia and Cumulospora with the description of eight new genera and four new species. Mycological Progress 9: 537–558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-010-0661-x
Abdel-Wahab, M.A., El-Sharouny, H.M. & Jones, E.B.G. (2001a) Two new intertidal lignicolous Swampomyces species from Red Sea mangroves in Egypt. Fungal Diversity 8: 35–40.
Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Pang, K.L., El-Sharouny, H.M. & Jones, E.B.G. (2001b) Halosarpheia unicellularis sp. nov. (Halosphaeriales, Ascomycota) based on morphological and molecular evidence. Mycoscience 42: 255–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02463916
Ball, J. (1939) A Contribution to the Geography of Egypt. Survey and Mines Department, Cairo, 339 pp.
Bunyard, B.A., Nicholson, M.S. & Royde, D.J. (1994) A systematic assessment of Morchella using RFLP analysis of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene. Mycologia 86: 762–772. https://doi.org/10.2307/3760589
Devadatha, B., Jones, E.B.G., Pang, K.L., Abdel?Wahab, M.A., Hyde, K.D., Sakayaroj, J., Bahkali, A.H., Calabon, M.S., Sarma, V.V., Sutreong, S. & Zhang, S.N. (2021) Occurrence and geographical distribution of mangrove fungi. Fungal Diversity 106: 137–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-020-00468-0
Dupont, J., Magnin, S., Rousseau, F., Zbinden, M., Frebourg, G., Samadi, S., Richer de Forges, B. & Jones, E.B.G. (2009) Molecular and ultrastructural characterization of two ascomycetes found on sunken wood off Vanuatu Islands in the deep Pacific Ocean. Mycological Research 113: 1351–1364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2009.08.015
El-Sharouny, H.M., Gherbawy, Y.A.M.H. & Abdel-Aziz, F.A. (2009) Fungal diversity in brackish and saline lakes in Egypt. Nova Hedwigia 89: 437–450. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2009/0089-0437
Goher, M.E., El-Rouby, W.M.A., El-Dek, S.I., El-Sayed, S.M. & Noaemy, S.G. (2018) Water quality assessment of Qarun Lake and heavy metals decontamination from its drains using nanocomposites. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 464: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/464/1/012003
Jones, E.B.G., Ju, W.T., Lu, C.L., Guo, S.Y. & Pang, K.L. (2017) The Halosphaeriaceae revisited. Botanica Marina 60: 453–468. https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2016-0113
Jones, E.B.G., Pang, K.L., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Scholz, B., Hyde, K.D., Boekhout, T., Ebel, R., Rateb, M.E., Henderson, L., Sakayaroj, J., Suetrong, S., Dayarathne, M.C., Kumar, V., Raghukumar, S., Sridhar, K.R., Bahkali, A.H., Gleason, F. & Norphanphoun, C. (2019) An online resource for marine fungi. Fungal Diversity 96: 347–433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-019-00426-5
Jones, E.B.G., Suetrong, S., Cheng, W.H., Rungjindamai, N., Sakayaroj, J., Boonyuen, N., Somrothipol, S., Abdel-Wahab, M.A. & Pang, K.L. (2014) An additional fungal lineage in the Hypocreomycetidae (Falcocladium species) and the taxonomic re-evaluation of Chaetosphaeria chaetosa and Swampomyces species, based on morphology, ecology and phylogeny. Cryptogamie Mycologie 35: 119–138. https://doi.org/10.7872/crym.v35.iss2.2014.119
Jones, E.B.G., Vrijmoed, L.L.P., Read, S.J. & Moss, S.T. (1994) Tirispora, a new ascomycetous genus in the Halosphaeriales. Canadian Journal of Botany 72: 1373–1378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-168
Kohlmeyer, J. & Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B. (1989) Hawaiian marine fungi, including two new genera of Ascomycotina. Mycological Research 92: 470–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-168
Kohlmeyer, J. (1972) A revision of Halosphaeriaceae. Canadian Journal of Botany 50: 1951–1963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b72-249
Kohlmeyer, J. & Kohlmeyer, E. (1979) Marine mycology. The higher fungi. Academic Press, New York. 690 pp.
Kohlmeyer, J. & Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B. (1988) Ophiodeira gen. nov. (Halosphaeriales) and a survey of higher marine fungi from Saint Croix (Virgin Islands). Canadian Journal of Botany 66: 2062–2067. https://doi.org/10.1139/b88-282
Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C. & Tamura, K. (2018) MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution 35: 1547–1549. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy096
Meshal, A.H. (1977) The problem of salinity increase in Lake Qarun (Egypt) and a proposed solution. ICES Journal of Marine Science 37: 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/37.2.137
Mu?ller, E. & von Arx, J.A. (1962) Die Gattungen der didymosporen Pyrenomyceten. Beitra?ge zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz 11: 783–795.
Nylander, J.A.A. (2004) MrModeltest v2. Program distributed by the author. Evolutionary Biology Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala.
Pang, K.L., Jones, E.B.G., Vrijmoed, L.L.P. & Sabaratnam, V. (2004) Okeanomyces, a new genus to accommodate Halosphaeria cucullata (Halosphaeriales, Ascomycota). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146: 223–229. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00314.x
Perrière, G. & Gouy, M. (1996) WWW-Query: An on-line retrieval system for biological sequence banks. Biochimie 78: 364–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9084(96)84768-7
Réblová, M., Miller, A.N., Rossman, A.Y., Seifert, K.A., Crous, P.W., Hawksworth, D.L., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Cannon, P.F., Daranagama, D.A., De Beer, Z.W., Huang, S.K., Hyde, K.D., Jayawardena, R., Jaklitsch, W., Jones, E.B.G., Ju, Y.M., Judith, C., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Pang, K.L., Petrini, L.E., Raja, H.A., Romero, A.I., Shearer, C., Senanayake, I.C., Voglmayr, H., Weir, B.S., Wijayawarden, N.N. (2016) Recommendations for competing sexual-asexually typified generic names in Sordariomycetes (except Diaporthales, Hypocreales, and Magnaporthales). IMA Fungus 7: 131–153. https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2016.07.01.08
Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Höhna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M.A., Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012) MrBayes 3.2: Efficient bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology 61: 539–42. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
Shearer, C.A. & Crane, J.L. (1980) Fungi of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries VIII. Ascomycetes with unfurling appendages. Botanica Marina 23: 607–615.
Swofford, D.L. (2002) PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
Thompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Plewniak, F., Jeanmougin, F. & Higgins, D.G. (1997) The ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research 25: 4876–4882. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.24.4876
White, T.J., Bruns, T.D., Lee, S.B. & Taylor, J.W. (1990) Analysis of phylogenetic relationships by amplification and direct sequencing of ribosomal DNA genes. In: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (Eds.) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic, San Diego, pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1