Abstract
A new species of tropical chrysophyte algae, Mallomonas lusca sp. nov. is described from Vietnam based on silica-scale morphology observed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Scales of this species were previously found in Malaysia, but had not yet been described. Mallomonas lusca belongs to section Torquatae and is most similar to M. favosa. Its scales have a unique conspicuous rounded pit with a raised thickened central area, which develops in association with the posterior pore in the angle of the posterior submarginal rib. This rounded pit is surrounded by delicate papillae across the border on the shield. Mallomonas lusca has been observed in six localities in Vietnam and one in Malaysia.
References
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?ertnerová, D., ?ertner, M. & Škaloud, P. (2019) Molecular phylogeny and evolution of phenotype in silica-scaled chrysophyte genus Mallomonas. Journal of Phycology 55: 912–923. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12882
Doan-Nhu, H., Thi-Tinh, T., Gusev, E., Kulikovskiy, M., Phan-Tan, L. & Nguyen-Ngoc, L. (2021) Taxonomic composition of silica-scaled chrysophytes in a tropical mountain reservoir. Inland Water Biology 14: 490–499. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082921050060
Dürrschmidt, M. (1986) New species of the genus Mallomonas (Mallomonadacea, Chrysophyceae) from New Zealand. In: Kristiansen, J. & Andersen, R. (eds.) Chrysophytes: Aspects and Problems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 87–106.
Dürrschmidt, M. & Croome, R. (1985) Mallomonadaceae (Chrysophyceae) from Malaysia and Australia. Nordic Journal of Botany 5: 285–298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1985.tb01657.x
Gusev, E.S. (2012) A new species of the genus Mallomonas (Synurophyceae), Mallomonas spinosa sp. nov., from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 66: 1–5. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.66.1.1
Gusev, E.S. (2013) Studies on synurophycean algae from mangrove wetlands (Vietnam). Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft 142: 87–95.
Gusev, E.S. (2015a) A new species in genus Mallomonas Perty (Synurales, Chrysophyceae) from Vietnam. International Journal on Algae 17: 351–362. https://doi.org/10.1615/InterJAlgae.v17.i4.30
Gusev, E.S. (2015b) A new species of the genus Mallomonas (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), Mallomonas fimbriata sp. nov. Phytotaxa 195: 291–296. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.195.4.4
Gusev, E.S. & Nguyen, T.H.T. (2011) Silica-scaled chrysophytes (Chrysophyceae and Synurophyceae) from Vietnam (Khanh Hoa and Quang Nam provinces). Nova Hedwigia 93: 191–199. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2011/0093-0191
Gusev, E. & Siver, P.A. (2017) Mallomonas neoampla sp. nov. from Vietnam, a new species that bridges the gap between fossil and modern taxa. Nova Hedwigia 104: 521–528. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2016/0389
Gusev, E.S. & Kulikovskiy, M.S. (2020) Two new species of genus Mallomonas from swamp localities in Vietnam. Phytotaxa 468: 121–129. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.468.1.8
Gusev, E. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2021) Mallomonas siderea sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new tropical species from the section Torquatae. Nova Hedwigia 113: 291-301. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2021/0655
Gusev, E. & Martynenko, N. (2021) Diversity of silica-scaled chrysophytes in Central Vietnam. Water. [in press]
Gusev, E.S., Doan-Nhu, H. & Nguyen-Ngoc, L. (2015) Mallomonas cattiensis sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new species from Viet Nam. Phytotaxa 221: 188–192. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.221.1.9
Gusev, E.S., Doan-Nhu, H., Nguyen-Ngoc, L. & Kapustin, D.A. (2016) Two new species of the genus Mallomonas from the Cat Tien National Park (Viet Nam): Mallomonas distinguenda and Mallomonas skvortsovii. Phytotaxa 273: 59–64. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.273.1.6
Gusev, E.S., Doan-Nhu, H. & Nguyen-Ngoc, L. (2017a) Silica-scaled chrysophytes from Cat Tien National Park (Dong Nai Province, Vietnam). Nova Hedwigia 105: 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2017/0416
Gusev, E.S., Siver, P.A. & Shin, W. (2017b) Mallomonas bronchartiana Compère revisited: Two new species described from Asia. Cryptogamie, Algologie 38: 3–16. https://doi.org/10.7872/crya/v38.iss1.2017.3
Gusev, E.S., ?ertnerová, D., Škaloudová, M. & Škaloud, P. (2018) Exploring Cryptic Diversity and Distribution Patterns in the Mallomonas kalinae/rasilis Species Complex with a Description of a New Taxon – Mallomonas furtiva sp. nov. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 65: 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12427
Gusev, E., Guseva, E., Kezlya, E. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2019a) Mallomonas minuscula sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new member in the section Torquatae from Vietnam. Fottea 19: 132–137. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2019.004
Gusev, E.S., Kapustin, D.A., Martynenko, N.A., Guseva, E.E. & Kulikovskiy, M.S. (2019b) Mallomonas gusakovii sp. nov. (Chrysophyceae, Synurales), a new species from Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam. Phytotaxa 406: 199–205. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.406.3.6
Gusev, E., Kulizin, P., Guseva, E., Shkurina, N. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2019c) Mallomonas lamii sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new species bearing large scales described from the tropics. Phytotaxa 423: 266–272. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.423.4.5
Gusev, E.S., Doan-Nhu, H., Nguyen-Ngoc, L., Guseva, E.E. & Luom, P.T. (2019d) Silica-scaled chrysophytes from Cam Ranh Peninsula (Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam). Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 148: 63–76. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova-suppl/2019/077
Gusev, E.S., Gusakov, V.A., Guseva, E.E., Kulikovskiy, M.S., Tsvetkov, A.I. & Cu Nguyen ??nh. (2020) Flora of Silica-Scaled Chrysophytes (Chrysophyceae: Synurales, Paraphysomonadales) of the Mekong Delta. Inland Water Biology 13: 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082920020224
Gusev, E., Martynenko, N. & Tran, H. (2021a). Studies on Algae from the Order Synurales (Chrysophyceae) in Northern Vietnam. Diversity 13 (11): 602. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13110602
Gusev, E., Kezlya, E., Tran, H. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2021b) Mallomonas vietnamica sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new species, that shares some features with fossil taxa. Cryptogamie Algologie 42: 39–46. https://doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2021v42a3
Gusev, E., Shkurina, N. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2021c) Mallomonas loricata sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new tropical species from section Plantae. Phytotaxa 500 (3): 225–233. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.500.3.6
Jo, B.Y., Shin, W., Boo, S.M., Kim, H.S. & Siver, P.A. (2011) Studies on ultrastructure and three-gene phylogeny of the genus Mallomonas (Synurophyceae). Journal of Phycology 47: 415–425. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00953.x
Jo, B.Y., Shin, W., Kim, H.S., Siver, P.A. & Andersen, R.A. (2013) Phylogeny of the genus Mallomonas (Synurophyceae) and descriptions of five new species on the basis of morphological evidence. Phycologia 52: 266–278. https://doi.org/10.2216/12-107.1
Kapustin, D.A. & Gusev, E.S. (2019) Silica-scaled chrysophytes from West Java (Indonesia) including description of a new Chrysosphaerella species. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 148: 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova-suppl/2019/025
Kim, J.H., Kyung, L.L. & Kim, H.S. (2009) Effect of nutrients and light intensity on growth of Mallomonas caudata (Synurophyceae). Nordic Journal of Botany 27: 516–522. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2009.00475.x
Kristiansen, J. (2000) Cosmopolitan chrysophytes. Systematics and Geography of Plants 70: 291–300. https://doi.org/10.2307/3668648
Kristiansen, J. (2001) Biogeography of silica-scaled chrysophytes. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 122: 23–39.
Kristiansen, J. (2008) Dispersal and biogeography of silica-scaled chrysophytes. Biodiversity and Conservation 17: 419–426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-007-9259-2
Kristiansen, J. & Preisig, H.R. (2007) Chrysophyte and Haptophyte Algae: 2 Teil/2nd Part: Synurophyceae. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 252 pp.
Neustupa, J. & ?ezá?ová, M. (2007) The genus Mallomonas (Mallomonadales, Synurophyceae) in several Southeast Asian urban water bodies – the biogeographical implications. Nova Hedwigia 84: 249–259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2007/0084-0249
Nicholls, K.H. (1984) Four new Mallomonas species of the Torquatae series (Chrysophyceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 62: 1583–1591. https://doi.org/10.1139/b84-213
Perty, M. (1852) Zur Kenntniss kleinster Lebensformen nach Bau, Funktionen, Systematik, mit Specialverzeichniss der in der Schweiz beobachteten. Jent & Reinert, Bern, 228 pp.
Škaloud, P., Kristiansen, J. & Škaloudová, M. (2013) Developments in the taxonomy of silica-scaled chrysophytes – from morphological and ultrastructural to molecular approaches. Nordic Journal of Botany 31: 385–402. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2013.00119.x
Siver, P.A., Jo, B.Y., Kim, J.I., Shin, W., Lott, A.M. & Wolfe, A.P. (2015) Assessing the evolutionary history of the class Synurophyceae (Heterokonta) using molecular, morphometric, and paleobiological approaches. American Journal of Botany 102: 921–941. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1500004
Vyverman, W. & Cronberg, G. (1993) Scale bearing chrysophytes from Papua New Guinea. Nordic Journal of Botany 13: 111–120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1993.tb00022.x
Wei, Y.X., Yuan, X.P. & Kristiansen, J. (2014) Silica-scaled chrysophytes from Hainan, Guangdong Provinces and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Nordic Journal of Botany 32: 881–896. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.00493
Wujek, D.E., Kadiri, M.O. & Dziedzic, R.M. (2010) Silica-Scaled Chrysophyceae and Synurophyceae from Nigeria. III. Chrysophytes from Rivers of Edo State. Fottea 10: 93–98. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2010.004
?ertnerová, D., ?ertner, M. & Škaloud, P. (2019) Molecular phylogeny and evolution of phenotype in silica-scaled chrysophyte genus Mallomonas. Journal of Phycology 55: 912–923. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12882
Doan-Nhu, H., Thi-Tinh, T., Gusev, E., Kulikovskiy, M., Phan-Tan, L. & Nguyen-Ngoc, L. (2021) Taxonomic composition of silica-scaled chrysophytes in a tropical mountain reservoir. Inland Water Biology 14: 490–499. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082921050060
Dürrschmidt, M. (1986) New species of the genus Mallomonas (Mallomonadacea, Chrysophyceae) from New Zealand. In: Kristiansen, J. & Andersen, R. (eds.) Chrysophytes: Aspects and Problems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 87–106.
Dürrschmidt, M. & Croome, R. (1985) Mallomonadaceae (Chrysophyceae) from Malaysia and Australia. Nordic Journal of Botany 5: 285–298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1985.tb01657.x
Gusev, E.S. (2012) A new species of the genus Mallomonas (Synurophyceae), Mallomonas spinosa sp. nov., from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 66: 1–5. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.66.1.1
Gusev, E.S. (2013) Studies on synurophycean algae from mangrove wetlands (Vietnam). Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft 142: 87–95.
Gusev, E.S. (2015a) A new species in genus Mallomonas Perty (Synurales, Chrysophyceae) from Vietnam. International Journal on Algae 17: 351–362. https://doi.org/10.1615/InterJAlgae.v17.i4.30
Gusev, E.S. (2015b) A new species of the genus Mallomonas (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), Mallomonas fimbriata sp. nov. Phytotaxa 195: 291–296. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.195.4.4
Gusev, E.S. & Nguyen, T.H.T. (2011) Silica-scaled chrysophytes (Chrysophyceae and Synurophyceae) from Vietnam (Khanh Hoa and Quang Nam provinces). Nova Hedwigia 93: 191–199. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2011/0093-0191
Gusev, E. & Siver, P.A. (2017) Mallomonas neoampla sp. nov. from Vietnam, a new species that bridges the gap between fossil and modern taxa. Nova Hedwigia 104: 521–528. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2016/0389
Gusev, E.S. & Kulikovskiy, M.S. (2020) Two new species of genus Mallomonas from swamp localities in Vietnam. Phytotaxa 468: 121–129. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.468.1.8
Gusev, E. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2021) Mallomonas siderea sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new tropical species from the section Torquatae. Nova Hedwigia 113: 291-301. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2021/0655
Gusev, E. & Martynenko, N. (2021) Diversity of silica-scaled chrysophytes in Central Vietnam. Water. [in press]
Gusev, E.S., Doan-Nhu, H. & Nguyen-Ngoc, L. (2015) Mallomonas cattiensis sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new species from Viet Nam. Phytotaxa 221: 188–192. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.221.1.9
Gusev, E.S., Doan-Nhu, H., Nguyen-Ngoc, L. & Kapustin, D.A. (2016) Two new species of the genus Mallomonas from the Cat Tien National Park (Viet Nam): Mallomonas distinguenda and Mallomonas skvortsovii. Phytotaxa 273: 59–64. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.273.1.6
Gusev, E.S., Doan-Nhu, H. & Nguyen-Ngoc, L. (2017a) Silica-scaled chrysophytes from Cat Tien National Park (Dong Nai Province, Vietnam). Nova Hedwigia 105: 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2017/0416
Gusev, E.S., Siver, P.A. & Shin, W. (2017b) Mallomonas bronchartiana Compère revisited: Two new species described from Asia. Cryptogamie, Algologie 38: 3–16. https://doi.org/10.7872/crya/v38.iss1.2017.3
Gusev, E.S., ?ertnerová, D., Škaloudová, M. & Škaloud, P. (2018) Exploring Cryptic Diversity and Distribution Patterns in the Mallomonas kalinae/rasilis Species Complex with a Description of a New Taxon – Mallomonas furtiva sp. nov. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 65: 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12427
Gusev, E., Guseva, E., Kezlya, E. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2019a) Mallomonas minuscula sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new member in the section Torquatae from Vietnam. Fottea 19: 132–137. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2019.004
Gusev, E.S., Kapustin, D.A., Martynenko, N.A., Guseva, E.E. & Kulikovskiy, M.S. (2019b) Mallomonas gusakovii sp. nov. (Chrysophyceae, Synurales), a new species from Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam. Phytotaxa 406: 199–205. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.406.3.6
Gusev, E., Kulizin, P., Guseva, E., Shkurina, N. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2019c) Mallomonas lamii sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new species bearing large scales described from the tropics. Phytotaxa 423: 266–272. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.423.4.5
Gusev, E.S., Doan-Nhu, H., Nguyen-Ngoc, L., Guseva, E.E. & Luom, P.T. (2019d) Silica-scaled chrysophytes from Cam Ranh Peninsula (Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam). Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 148: 63–76. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova-suppl/2019/077
Gusev, E.S., Gusakov, V.A., Guseva, E.E., Kulikovskiy, M.S., Tsvetkov, A.I. & Cu Nguyen ??nh. (2020) Flora of Silica-Scaled Chrysophytes (Chrysophyceae: Synurales, Paraphysomonadales) of the Mekong Delta. Inland Water Biology 13: 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082920020224
Gusev, E., Martynenko, N. & Tran, H. (2021a). Studies on Algae from the Order Synurales (Chrysophyceae) in Northern Vietnam. Diversity 13 (11): 602. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13110602
Gusev, E., Kezlya, E., Tran, H. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2021b) Mallomonas vietnamica sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new species, that shares some features with fossil taxa. Cryptogamie Algologie 42: 39–46. https://doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2021v42a3
Gusev, E., Shkurina, N. & Kulikovskiy, M. (2021c) Mallomonas loricata sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae), a new tropical species from section Plantae. Phytotaxa 500 (3): 225–233. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.500.3.6
Jo, B.Y., Shin, W., Boo, S.M., Kim, H.S. & Siver, P.A. (2011) Studies on ultrastructure and three-gene phylogeny of the genus Mallomonas (Synurophyceae). Journal of Phycology 47: 415–425. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00953.x
Jo, B.Y., Shin, W., Kim, H.S., Siver, P.A. & Andersen, R.A. (2013) Phylogeny of the genus Mallomonas (Synurophyceae) and descriptions of five new species on the basis of morphological evidence. Phycologia 52: 266–278. https://doi.org/10.2216/12-107.1
Kapustin, D.A. & Gusev, E.S. (2019) Silica-scaled chrysophytes from West Java (Indonesia) including description of a new Chrysosphaerella species. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 148: 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova-suppl/2019/025
Kim, J.H., Kyung, L.L. & Kim, H.S. (2009) Effect of nutrients and light intensity on growth of Mallomonas caudata (Synurophyceae). Nordic Journal of Botany 27: 516–522. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2009.00475.x
Kristiansen, J. (2000) Cosmopolitan chrysophytes. Systematics and Geography of Plants 70: 291–300. https://doi.org/10.2307/3668648
Kristiansen, J. (2001) Biogeography of silica-scaled chrysophytes. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 122: 23–39.
Kristiansen, J. (2008) Dispersal and biogeography of silica-scaled chrysophytes. Biodiversity and Conservation 17: 419–426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-007-9259-2
Kristiansen, J. & Preisig, H.R. (2007) Chrysophyte and Haptophyte Algae: 2 Teil/2nd Part: Synurophyceae. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 252 pp.
Neustupa, J. & ?ezá?ová, M. (2007) The genus Mallomonas (Mallomonadales, Synurophyceae) in several Southeast Asian urban water bodies – the biogeographical implications. Nova Hedwigia 84: 249–259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2007/0084-0249
Nicholls, K.H. (1984) Four new Mallomonas species of the Torquatae series (Chrysophyceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 62: 1583–1591. https://doi.org/10.1139/b84-213
Perty, M. (1852) Zur Kenntniss kleinster Lebensformen nach Bau, Funktionen, Systematik, mit Specialverzeichniss der in der Schweiz beobachteten. Jent & Reinert, Bern, 228 pp.
Škaloud, P., Kristiansen, J. & Škaloudová, M. (2013) Developments in the taxonomy of silica-scaled chrysophytes – from morphological and ultrastructural to molecular approaches. Nordic Journal of Botany 31: 385–402. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2013.00119.x
Siver, P.A., Jo, B.Y., Kim, J.I., Shin, W., Lott, A.M. & Wolfe, A.P. (2015) Assessing the evolutionary history of the class Synurophyceae (Heterokonta) using molecular, morphometric, and paleobiological approaches. American Journal of Botany 102: 921–941. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1500004
Vyverman, W. & Cronberg, G. (1993) Scale bearing chrysophytes from Papua New Guinea. Nordic Journal of Botany 13: 111–120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1993.tb00022.x
Wei, Y.X., Yuan, X.P. & Kristiansen, J. (2014) Silica-scaled chrysophytes from Hainan, Guangdong Provinces and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Nordic Journal of Botany 32: 881–896. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.00493
Wujek, D.E., Kadiri, M.O. & Dziedzic, R.M. (2010) Silica-Scaled Chrysophyceae and Synurophyceae from Nigeria. III. Chrysophytes from Rivers of Edo State. Fottea 10: 93–98. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2010.004