Abstract
Carex setosa Boott is a highly variable Sino-Himalayan species. In the protologue, the species was described by Francis Boott with three distinct morphotypes. Morphotypes were further illustrated in three different tabs. J.D. Hooker collected all the morphotypes in Lachen, Sikkim in 1849. The Indian morphotypes are Carex setosa var. setosa. The name Carex setosa is lectotypified here.
References
<p>Boott, F. (1846) <em>Caricis</em> Species novae, vel minus cognitae. <em>Auctore. In: The Transactions of the Linnaen Society of London</em> 20 (1): 115–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1846.tb00413.x</p>
<p>Boott, F. (1862) <em>Illustrations of the genus Carex, Vol III</em>. William Pamplin, London, pp. 105–126, pl. 311-411. Available from: [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015061880855]</p>
<p>Brummitt, R.K. (2001) <em>World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions</em>. 2nd ed. Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation: A Research Division of Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, pp. 1−137.</p>
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<p>Global <em>Carex </em>Group (2015) Making <em>Carex</em> monophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe <em>Cariceae</em>): a new broader circumscription<em>. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 179: 1–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12298</p>
<p>Govaerts, R., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Koopman, J., Simpson, D., Goetghebeur, P., Wilson, K., Egorova, T. & Bruhl, J. (2020 [continuously updated]) <em>World Checklist of Cyperaceae</em>. Available from: http://apps.kew.org/wcsp (accessed 20 February 2020).</p>
<p>Jiménez-Mejías, P., Hahn, M., Lueders, K., Starr, J.R., Brown, B.H., Chouinard, B.N., Chung, K.-S., Escudero, M., Ford, B.A., Ford, K.A., Gebauer, S., Gehrke, B., Hoffmann, M.H., Jin, X.-F., Jung, J., Kim, S., Luceño, M., Maguilla, E., Martín-Bravo, S., Míguez, M., Molina, A., Naczi, R.F.C., Pender, J.E., Reznicek, A.A., Villaverde, T., Waterway, M.J., Wilson, K.L., Yang, J.-C., Zhang, S., Hipp, A.L. & Roalson, E.H. (2016) Megaphylogenetic specimen-level approaches to the <em>Carex </em>(Cyperaceae) phylogeny using ITS, ETS, and <em>mat</em>K sequences: implications for classification: The Global Carex Group. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 41 (3): 500–518. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364416X692497</p>
<p>Koch, D. (1837) <em>Synopsis Florae Germanicae et Helveticae</em>, Tribe III. <em>Cariceae</em>. Francofurti, 844 pp.</p>
<p>Kükenthal, G. (1909) <em>Cyperaceae- Caricoideae. In: </em>Engler, A. (Ed.)<em> Das Pflanzenreich. IV. 20 (Heft 38).</em> Wilhelm Englemann, Leipzig, 824 pp. Available from: [https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/idurl/1/10983]</p>
<p>Kunth, C.S. (1837) <em>Enumeratio Plantarum Omnium Hucusque Cognitarum</em> 2, 592 pp.</p>
<p>Liang, S. & Koyama, T. (2010) <em>Carex. In: </em>Wu, C.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, vol. 23. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, pp. 352–362.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum, Tomus II. </em>Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, pp. 561–1200. Available from: [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358580]</p>
<p>Mackenzie, K.K. (1935) <em>Cyperaceae-Cariceae. North American Flora 18 (5–6).</em> New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY.</p>
<p>Martín-Bravo, S., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Villaverde, T., Escudero, M., Hahn, M., Spalink, D., Roalson, E.H., Hipp, A.L. & the Global <em>Carex</em> Group (Benítez-Benítez, C., Bruederle, L.P., Fitzek, E., Ford, B.A., Ford, K.A., Garner, M., Gebauer, S., Ho-mann, M.H., Jin, X.-F., Larridon, I., Léveillé-Bourret, E., Lu, Y-F., Luceño, M., Maguilla, E., Márquez-Corro, J.I., Míguez, M., Naczi, R., Reznicek, A.A. & Starr, J.R. (2019) A tale of worldwide success: Behind the scenes of <em>Carex</em> (Cyperaceae) biogeography and diversification. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution </em>57 (6): 695–718. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12549</p>
<p>Nees, C.G.D. (1834) No. III <em>Cyperaceae Indicae, Praecipue Juxta Herbaria Wightii, Wallichii, Roylei et Lendleyi. In: </em>Wight, R. <em>Contributions to the Botany of India</em>. pp. 69–136.</p>
<p>Noltie, H.J. (1993) Notes relating to the Flora of Bhutan: XXI. <em>Carex</em> (Cyperaceae). <em>Edinburgh Journal of Botany </em>50: 185–206. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428600002560</p>
<p>Noltie, H.J. (1994)<em> Flora of Bhutan, Vol 3 (1).</em> Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, 397 pp.</p>
<p>POWO (2020) Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http://www. Plants of the world online.org (accessed 14 April 2020)</p>
<p>Rajbhandari, K.R. & Ohba, H. (1991) <em>A revision of the genus Kobresia Willdenow (Cyperaceae) of Nepal; In: </em>Ohba, H. & Malla, S.B. (Eds.) <em>Bulletin No.34 The Himalayan Plants, Volume: 2</em>. The University Museum, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020 [continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum</em>: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s virtual herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih (accessed 11 March 2020)</p>
<p>Tuckerman, E. (1843) <em>Enumeratio methodical Caricumquarundam</em>: <em>In </em>Isaacus Riggs<em>. Schenectadiae</em>, 21 pp.</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017.</em> <em>Regnum Vegetabile</em> 159. Glashütten: Koeltz Botanical Books, 351 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>WCSP (2020) <em>World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</em>. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http://wcsp.science.kew.org/ (accessed 14 April 2020)</p>
<p>Boott, F. (1862) <em>Illustrations of the genus Carex, Vol III</em>. William Pamplin, London, pp. 105–126, pl. 311-411. Available from: [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015061880855]</p>
<p>Brummitt, R.K. (2001) <em>World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions</em>. 2nd ed. Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation: A Research Division of Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, pp. 1−137.</p>
<p>Clarke, C.B. (1894) Cyperaceae.<em> In: </em>Hooker, J.D. (Ed.) <em>The Flora of British India.</em>VI. L. Reeve & Co. London., pp. 585–748. Available from: [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/355568]</p>
<p>Dai, L.-K. & Liang, S.-Y. (2000) <em>Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae: ‘Angiospermae’: ‘Monocotyledoneae’</em>:<em>‘Cyperaceae</em>’ (2): ‘<em>Caricoideae</em>’ Vol. 12. Science Press, Beijing, 582 pp.</p>
<p>Dumortier, B.C.J. (1827) <em>Florula Belgica. Operis Majoris Prodromus Casterman, Tournaci Nerviorum</em>. 172pp. Available from: [https://lib.ugent.be/catalog/rug01:001717387]</p>
<p>Ghosh, A., Mallick, T., Majumder, S., Maiti, G.G. & Naskar, S. (2020) The identity and typification of two endemic taxa of <em>Carex</em> (Cyperaceae) from Eastern Himalaya. <em>Phytotaxa </em>433 (3): 245–250. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.3.6</p>
<p>Global <em>Carex </em>Group (2015) Making <em>Carex</em> monophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe <em>Cariceae</em>): a new broader circumscription<em>. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 179: 1–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12298</p>
<p>Govaerts, R., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Koopman, J., Simpson, D., Goetghebeur, P., Wilson, K., Egorova, T. & Bruhl, J. (2020 [continuously updated]) <em>World Checklist of Cyperaceae</em>. Available from: http://apps.kew.org/wcsp (accessed 20 February 2020).</p>
<p>Jiménez-Mejías, P., Hahn, M., Lueders, K., Starr, J.R., Brown, B.H., Chouinard, B.N., Chung, K.-S., Escudero, M., Ford, B.A., Ford, K.A., Gebauer, S., Gehrke, B., Hoffmann, M.H., Jin, X.-F., Jung, J., Kim, S., Luceño, M., Maguilla, E., Martín-Bravo, S., Míguez, M., Molina, A., Naczi, R.F.C., Pender, J.E., Reznicek, A.A., Villaverde, T., Waterway, M.J., Wilson, K.L., Yang, J.-C., Zhang, S., Hipp, A.L. & Roalson, E.H. (2016) Megaphylogenetic specimen-level approaches to the <em>Carex </em>(Cyperaceae) phylogeny using ITS, ETS, and <em>mat</em>K sequences: implications for classification: The Global Carex Group. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 41 (3): 500–518. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364416X692497</p>
<p>Koch, D. (1837) <em>Synopsis Florae Germanicae et Helveticae</em>, Tribe III. <em>Cariceae</em>. Francofurti, 844 pp.</p>
<p>Kükenthal, G. (1909) <em>Cyperaceae- Caricoideae. In: </em>Engler, A. (Ed.)<em> Das Pflanzenreich. IV. 20 (Heft 38).</em> Wilhelm Englemann, Leipzig, 824 pp. Available from: [https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/idurl/1/10983]</p>
<p>Kunth, C.S. (1837) <em>Enumeratio Plantarum Omnium Hucusque Cognitarum</em> 2, 592 pp.</p>
<p>Liang, S. & Koyama, T. (2010) <em>Carex. In: </em>Wu, C.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, vol. 23. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, pp. 352–362.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum, Tomus II. </em>Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, pp. 561–1200. Available from: [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358580]</p>
<p>Mackenzie, K.K. (1935) <em>Cyperaceae-Cariceae. North American Flora 18 (5–6).</em> New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY.</p>
<p>Martín-Bravo, S., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Villaverde, T., Escudero, M., Hahn, M., Spalink, D., Roalson, E.H., Hipp, A.L. & the Global <em>Carex</em> Group (Benítez-Benítez, C., Bruederle, L.P., Fitzek, E., Ford, B.A., Ford, K.A., Garner, M., Gebauer, S., Ho-mann, M.H., Jin, X.-F., Larridon, I., Léveillé-Bourret, E., Lu, Y-F., Luceño, M., Maguilla, E., Márquez-Corro, J.I., Míguez, M., Naczi, R., Reznicek, A.A. & Starr, J.R. (2019) A tale of worldwide success: Behind the scenes of <em>Carex</em> (Cyperaceae) biogeography and diversification. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution </em>57 (6): 695–718. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12549</p>
<p>Nees, C.G.D. (1834) No. III <em>Cyperaceae Indicae, Praecipue Juxta Herbaria Wightii, Wallichii, Roylei et Lendleyi. In: </em>Wight, R. <em>Contributions to the Botany of India</em>. pp. 69–136.</p>
<p>Noltie, H.J. (1993) Notes relating to the Flora of Bhutan: XXI. <em>Carex</em> (Cyperaceae). <em>Edinburgh Journal of Botany </em>50: 185–206. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428600002560</p>
<p>Noltie, H.J. (1994)<em> Flora of Bhutan, Vol 3 (1).</em> Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, 397 pp.</p>
<p>POWO (2020) Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http://www. Plants of the world online.org (accessed 14 April 2020)</p>
<p>Rajbhandari, K.R. & Ohba, H. (1991) <em>A revision of the genus Kobresia Willdenow (Cyperaceae) of Nepal; In: </em>Ohba, H. & Malla, S.B. (Eds.) <em>Bulletin No.34 The Himalayan Plants, Volume: 2</em>. The University Museum, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020 [continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum</em>: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s virtual herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih (accessed 11 March 2020)</p>
<p>Tuckerman, E. (1843) <em>Enumeratio methodical Caricumquarundam</em>: <em>In </em>Isaacus Riggs<em>. Schenectadiae</em>, 21 pp.</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017.</em> <em>Regnum Vegetabile</em> 159. Glashütten: Koeltz Botanical Books, 351 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>WCSP (2020) <em>World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</em>. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http://wcsp.science.kew.org/ (accessed 14 April 2020)</p>