Abstract
Begonia piranga (Begoniaceae) is a new narrowly endemic species from the campos rupestres of Serra do Padre Ângelo, a quartzitic massif in Conselheiro Pena, eastern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Description, diagnosis, taxonomic comments, detailed illustrations, field photographs, and a provisional IUCN Red List Assessment are provided. The new species is considered Critically Endangered due to its restricted occurrence in high elevation rock outcrops, small population size, and decline in the quality of the habitat. Begonia vasconcelosiana, another Critically Endangered species, is also newly reported here for Serra do Padre Ângelo. These discoveries add to the increasing list of novelties from Serra do Padre Ângelo, reinforcing the urge for conservation actions to protect the endemic flora of this Serra and other areas of campos rupestres in eastern Minas Gerais state.
References
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<p>Campacci, M.A. (2014) <em>Hoffmannseggella alvarenguensis </em>Campacci <em>sp. nov. Coletânea de Orquídeas Brasileiras</em> 10: 382–385.</p>
<p>Campacci, M.A. (2015) <em>Dryadella krenakiana </em>Campacci <em>sp. nov. Coletânea de Orquídeas Brasileiras</em> 11: 418.</p>
<p>Cheek, M., Lughadha, E.N., Kirk, P., Lindon, H., Carretero, J., Looney, B., Douglas, B., Haelewaters, D., Gaya, E., Llewellyn, T., Ainsworth, A.M., Gafforov, Y., Hyde, K., Crous, P., Hughes, M., Walker, B.E., Forzza, R.C., Wong, K.M. & Niskanen, T. (2020) New scientific discoveries: Plants and fungi. <em>Plants, People, Planet</em> 2: 371–388. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10148</p>
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<p>FBDS—Fundação Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (2021) Repositório público de mapas e shapefiles para download. Available from: http://geo.fbds.org.br (accessed 21 January 2021)</p>
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<p>Harding, P.A. & Bohnke, E. (2015) <em>Hoffmannseggella campaccii</em> P.A. Harding & Bohnke <em>sp. nov.</em> <em>Coletânea de Orquídeas Brasileiras</em> 11: 422–425.</p>
<p>Harris, J.G. & Harris, M.W. (2007) <em>Plant identification terminology</em>: an <em>illustrated glossary</em>. <em>Second edition</em>, Spring Lake Publishing, 216 pp.</p>
<p>Hughes, M., Moonlight, P.W., Jara-Muñoz, A., Tebbitt, M.C., Wilson, H.P. & Pullan, M. (2015 onwards). Begonia Resource Centre. Available from: http://padme.rbge.org.uk/begonia/ (accessed 18 September 2020)</p>
<p>Irmscher, E. (1953) Systematische Studien über Begoniaceae des Trospichen Südamerikas Besonders Brasiliens. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik</em> 76 (1): 1–102.</p>
<p>IBGE (2021) Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatiìstica. Available from: https://mapas.ibge.gov.br/bases-e-referenciais/bases-cartograficas/malhas-digitais (accessed 21 January 2021)</p>
<p>IUCN (2012) IUCN red list categories and criteria version 3.1. 2<sup>nd</sup> edition. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Available from: https://www.iucn.org/content/iucn-red-list-categories-and-criteria-version-31 (accessed 18 September 2020)</p>
<p>Jacques, E.L. & Gregório, B.S. (2020) <em>Begoniaceae</em> <em>in</em> Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB5562 (accessed 19 February 2021)</p>
<p>Kollmann, L.J.C. (2020) NOVELTIES IN BRAZILIAN BEGONIACEAE II: a new species from Minas Gerais. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 437 (3): 156–160. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.3.4</p>
<p>Leme, E.M.C. & Kollmann, L.J.C. (2013) Miscellaneous new species of Brazilian Bromeliaceae. <em>Phytotaxa </em>108 (1): 1–40. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.108.1.1</p>
<p>Leme, E.M.C., Ribeiro, O.B.C., Souza, F.V.D., de Souza, E.H., Kollmann, L.J.C. & Fontana, A.P. (2020) Miscellaneous new species in the “Cryptanthoid complex” (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) from eastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 430 (3): 157–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.430.3.2</p>
<p>Leme, E.M.C., Till, W., Kollmann, L.J.C., de Moura, R.L. & Ribeiro, O.B.C. (2014) Miscellaneous new species of Brazilian Bromeliaceae - III. <em>Phytotaxa </em>177 (2): 61–100. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.177.2.1</p>
<p>Leme, E.M.C. (2015) Two new species of <em>Orthophytum </em>(Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 205 (4): 283–291. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.205.4.8</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>, vol. 2. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, pp. 561–1231.</p>
<p>Loeuille, B. & Pirani, J.R. (2016) Two new syncephalous species of <em>Eremanthus </em>(Asteraceae: Vernonieae) from southeastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa </em>243 (2): 128–136. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.243.2.2</p>
<p>Loeuille, B., Semir, J. & Pirani, J.R. (2019) A synopsis of Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernoniae). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 398 (1): 1–139. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.398.1.1</p>
<p>Lopes, L.E., Marçal, B.F. & Chaves, A.V. (2016) The patchy distribution of the Pale-throated Serra-Finch <em>Embernagra longicauda </em>(Aves: Thraupidae) in the eastern Brazilian mountaintops: the overlooked <em>campos rupestres </em>of the Rio Doce valley. <em>North-Western Journal of Zoology </em>12 (2): 373–376.</p>
<p>Mello-Silva R. (2018) Land of the Giants: remarkable botanical findings highlight a new area for conservation in Brazil. <em>Rodriguésia </em>69 (2): 933–937. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201869245</p>
<p>Moonlight, P.W., Ardi, W.H., Padilla, L.A., Chung, K., Fuller, D., Girmansyah, D., Hollands, R., Jara-Muñoz, A., Kiew, R., Leong, W., Liu, Y., Mahardika, A., Marasinghe, L.D.K., O’Connor, M., Peng, C., Pérez, Á.J., Phutthai, T., Pullan, M., Rajbhandary, S., Reynel, C., Rubite, R.R., Sang, J., Scherberich, D., Shui, Y., Tebbitt, M.C., Thomas, D.C., Wilson, H.P., Zaini, N.H., Hughes, M. (2018) Dividing and conquering the fastest-growing genus: Towards a natural sectional classification of the mega-diverse genus <em>Begonia</em> (Begoniaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 67 (2): 267–323.</p>
<p>Mori, S.A., Berkov, A., Gracie, C.A. & Hecklau, E.F. 2011. Tropical Plant Collecting—From the Field to the Internet. 1st edn. Florianópolis, TECC Editoria.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Oliveira, M.J.R. (2000) <em>Programa Levantamentos Geológicos Básicos do Brasil. Projeto Leste: Folhas Conselheiro Pena/São Gabriel da Palha - SE.24-Y-C-II/SE.24-Y-C-III (parte), escala 1:100.000.</em> Belo Horizonte, SEME/COMIG/CPRM, 83 pp.</p>
<p>Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.F.J. (1812) <em>Essai d’une Nouvelle Agrostographie</em> 52. pl. 11, f. 1.</p>
<p>Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.F.J. (1812) <em>Essai d’une Nouvelle Agrostographie</em> 54. pl. 11, f. 4.</p>
<p>Siniscalchi, C.M., Loeuille, B.F.P. & Pirani, J.R. (2016) A new species of <em>Chresta </em>(Vernonieae, Asteraceae) endemic to the Mata Atlântica Domain, Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 244: 80–88. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.244.1.6</p>
<p>SISEMA - Sistema Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos (2021) Infraestrutura de Dados Espaciais do Sistema Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos. Belo Horizonte: IDE-Sisema. Available at: < http://idesisema.meioambiente.mg.gov.br > (accessed 21 January 2021)</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021 continuously updated) <em>Index herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. </em>New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 20 February 2021)</p>
<p>Van den Berg, C. (2020) <em>Leptotes</em> <em>in</em> Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB37736 (accessed 19 February 2021)</p>
<p>Antar, G.M., Harley, R.M., Pastore, J.F.B., Gonella, P.M. & Sano, P.T. (2021a) <em>Hyptidendron pulcherrimum</em> (Hyptidinae - Lamiaceae) a new narrowly endemic species from Minas Gerais, Brazil. <em>Adansonia </em>43 (1): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5252/adansonia2021v43a1</p>
<p>Antar, G.M., Siniscalchi, C.M., Gonella, P.M., Monge, M. & Loeuille B. (2021b) Novelties in Lepidaploinae (Asteraceae, Vernonieae) from the easternmost campos rupestres of Minas Gerais, Brazil: two new species and a range expansion. <em>Plant Ecology and Evolution</em> 154 (1): 121–136. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2021.1792</p>
<p>Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. <em>ZooKeys </em>126: 117–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109</p>
<p>Beentje, H. (2016) <em>The Kew plant glossary, an illustrated dictionary of plant terms</em>, 2nd ed. Kew Publishing, Kew, 184 pp.</p>
<p>Behling, H. (2002) South and southeast Brazilian grasslands during Late Quaternary times: a synthesis. <em>Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology </em>177: 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00349-2</p>
<p>Bueno, S. (2008) <em>Vocabulário Tupi-Guarani Português</em>, 7th ed. Vidalivros, São Paulo.</p>
<p>Campacci, M.A. (2014) <em>Hoffmannseggella alvarenguensis </em>Campacci <em>sp. nov. Coletânea de Orquídeas Brasileiras</em> 10: 382–385.</p>
<p>Campacci, M.A. (2015) <em>Dryadella krenakiana </em>Campacci <em>sp. nov. Coletânea de Orquídeas Brasileiras</em> 11: 418.</p>
<p>Cheek, M., Lughadha, E.N., Kirk, P., Lindon, H., Carretero, J., Looney, B., Douglas, B., Haelewaters, D., Gaya, E., Llewellyn, T., Ainsworth, A.M., Gafforov, Y., Hyde, K., Crous, P., Hughes, M., Walker, B.E., Forzza, R.C., Wong, K.M. & Niskanen, T. (2020) New scientific discoveries: Plants and fungi. <em>Plants, People, Planet</em> 2: 371–388. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10148</p>
<p>Cockayne, L.C. (1908) <em>Report of the Botanical Survey of Tongariro National Park</em> 34.</p>
<p>FBDS—Fundação Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (2021) Repositório público de mapas e shapefiles para download. Available from: http://geo.fbds.org.br (accessed 21 January 2021)</p>
<p>Doorenbos, J., Sosef, M.S.M. & de Wilde, J.J.F.E. (1998) The sections of <em>Begonia</em> including descriptions, keys and species lists. Studies in Begoniaceae VI. Wageningen <em>Agricultural University Papers</em> 98 (2).</p>
<p>Forster, J.G.A. (1784) <em>Florulae Insularum Australium Prodromus. </em>Gottingen, Joann. Christian Dietrich, 103 pp.</p>
<p>Funk, V.A. (2006) Floras: a model for biodiversity studies or a thing of the past? <em>Taxon</em> 55 (3): 581–588. https://doi.org/10.2307/25065635</p>
<p>Gonella, P.M., Rivadavia, F. & Fleischmann, A. (2015) <em>Drosera magnifica </em>(Droseraceae): the largest New World sundew, discovered on Facebook. <em>Phytotaxa </em>220 (3): 257–267. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.220.3.4</p>
<p>Gregório, B.S., Costa, J.A.S. & Rapini, A. (2016) Flora da Bahia: Begoniaceae. <em>Sitientibus Sério Ciências Biológicas</em> 16: 1–52. https://doi.org/10.13102/scb1085</p>
<p>Harding, P.A. & Bohnke, E. (2015) <em>Hoffmannseggella campaccii</em> P.A. Harding & Bohnke <em>sp. nov.</em> <em>Coletânea de Orquídeas Brasileiras</em> 11: 422–425.</p>
<p>Harris, J.G. & Harris, M.W. (2007) <em>Plant identification terminology</em>: an <em>illustrated glossary</em>. <em>Second edition</em>, Spring Lake Publishing, 216 pp.</p>
<p>Hughes, M., Moonlight, P.W., Jara-Muñoz, A., Tebbitt, M.C., Wilson, H.P. & Pullan, M. (2015 onwards). Begonia Resource Centre. Available from: http://padme.rbge.org.uk/begonia/ (accessed 18 September 2020)</p>
<p>Irmscher, E. (1953) Systematische Studien über Begoniaceae des Trospichen Südamerikas Besonders Brasiliens. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik</em> 76 (1): 1–102.</p>
<p>IBGE (2021) Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatiìstica. Available from: https://mapas.ibge.gov.br/bases-e-referenciais/bases-cartograficas/malhas-digitais (accessed 21 January 2021)</p>
<p>IUCN (2012) IUCN red list categories and criteria version 3.1. 2<sup>nd</sup> edition. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Available from: https://www.iucn.org/content/iucn-red-list-categories-and-criteria-version-31 (accessed 18 September 2020)</p>
<p>Jacques, E.L. & Gregório, B.S. (2020) <em>Begoniaceae</em> <em>in</em> Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB5562 (accessed 19 February 2021)</p>
<p>Kollmann, L.J.C. (2020) NOVELTIES IN BRAZILIAN BEGONIACEAE II: a new species from Minas Gerais. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 437 (3): 156–160. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.3.4</p>
<p>Leme, E.M.C. & Kollmann, L.J.C. (2013) Miscellaneous new species of Brazilian Bromeliaceae. <em>Phytotaxa </em>108 (1): 1–40. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.108.1.1</p>
<p>Leme, E.M.C., Ribeiro, O.B.C., Souza, F.V.D., de Souza, E.H., Kollmann, L.J.C. & Fontana, A.P. (2020) Miscellaneous new species in the “Cryptanthoid complex” (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) from eastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 430 (3): 157–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.430.3.2</p>
<p>Leme, E.M.C., Till, W., Kollmann, L.J.C., de Moura, R.L. & Ribeiro, O.B.C. (2014) Miscellaneous new species of Brazilian Bromeliaceae - III. <em>Phytotaxa </em>177 (2): 61–100. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.177.2.1</p>
<p>Leme, E.M.C. (2015) Two new species of <em>Orthophytum </em>(Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 205 (4): 283–291. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.205.4.8</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>, vol. 2. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, pp. 561–1231.</p>
<p>Loeuille, B. & Pirani, J.R. (2016) Two new syncephalous species of <em>Eremanthus </em>(Asteraceae: Vernonieae) from southeastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa </em>243 (2): 128–136. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.243.2.2</p>
<p>Loeuille, B., Semir, J. & Pirani, J.R. (2019) A synopsis of Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernoniae). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 398 (1): 1–139. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.398.1.1</p>
<p>Lopes, L.E., Marçal, B.F. & Chaves, A.V. (2016) The patchy distribution of the Pale-throated Serra-Finch <em>Embernagra longicauda </em>(Aves: Thraupidae) in the eastern Brazilian mountaintops: the overlooked <em>campos rupestres </em>of the Rio Doce valley. <em>North-Western Journal of Zoology </em>12 (2): 373–376.</p>
<p>Mello-Silva R. (2018) Land of the Giants: remarkable botanical findings highlight a new area for conservation in Brazil. <em>Rodriguésia </em>69 (2): 933–937. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201869245</p>
<p>Moonlight, P.W., Ardi, W.H., Padilla, L.A., Chung, K., Fuller, D., Girmansyah, D., Hollands, R., Jara-Muñoz, A., Kiew, R., Leong, W., Liu, Y., Mahardika, A., Marasinghe, L.D.K., O’Connor, M., Peng, C., Pérez, Á.J., Phutthai, T., Pullan, M., Rajbhandary, S., Reynel, C., Rubite, R.R., Sang, J., Scherberich, D., Shui, Y., Tebbitt, M.C., Thomas, D.C., Wilson, H.P., Zaini, N.H., Hughes, M. (2018) Dividing and conquering the fastest-growing genus: Towards a natural sectional classification of the mega-diverse genus <em>Begonia</em> (Begoniaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 67 (2): 267–323.</p>
<p>Mori, S.A., Berkov, A., Gracie, C.A. & Hecklau, E.F. 2011. Tropical Plant Collecting—From the Field to the Internet. 1st edn. Florianópolis, TECC Editoria.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Oliveira, M.J.R. (2000) <em>Programa Levantamentos Geológicos Básicos do Brasil. Projeto Leste: Folhas Conselheiro Pena/São Gabriel da Palha - SE.24-Y-C-II/SE.24-Y-C-III (parte), escala 1:100.000.</em> Belo Horizonte, SEME/COMIG/CPRM, 83 pp.</p>
<p>Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.F.J. (1812) <em>Essai d’une Nouvelle Agrostographie</em> 52. pl. 11, f. 1.</p>
<p>Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.F.J. (1812) <em>Essai d’une Nouvelle Agrostographie</em> 54. pl. 11, f. 4.</p>
<p>Siniscalchi, C.M., Loeuille, B.F.P. & Pirani, J.R. (2016) A new species of <em>Chresta </em>(Vernonieae, Asteraceae) endemic to the Mata Atlântica Domain, Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 244: 80–88. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.244.1.6</p>
<p>SISEMA - Sistema Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos (2021) Infraestrutura de Dados Espaciais do Sistema Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos. Belo Horizonte: IDE-Sisema. Available at: < http://idesisema.meioambiente.mg.gov.br > (accessed 21 January 2021)</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021 continuously updated) <em>Index herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. </em>New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 20 February 2021)</p>
<p>Van den Berg, C. (2020) <em>Leptotes</em> <em>in</em> Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB37736 (accessed 19 February 2021)</p>