Abstract
Oricymba gongshanensis sp. nov. is identified as a new cymbelloid species, and described from a rock wall in Gongshan County, Yunnan Province, China. A detailed morphological description of the new species is presented, based on light and scanning electron microscopy. O. gongshanensis sp. nov. has the features that assign it to the genus Oricymba, including a thickened ridge positioned around the margin of the valve, presence of pore fields at the apices, a stigma with a single opening externally and two openings internally together with external distal raphe ends deflected dorsally. There are three features that easily distinguish the new species from all others in the genus. They include: 1) valves that are weakly asymmetrical about the apical axis, 2) presence of mostly biseriate striae and 3) areolae that are round to elliptical in shape. Among the currently described species of Oricymba, the new species is most similar to O. tianmuensis in valve shape, but is easily distinguished by the degree of asymmetry about the apical axis and presence of biseriate striae. These findings increase our understanding the morphology and distribution of the genus Oricymba in China.
References
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Lowe, R.L., Kociolek, J.P., You, Q., Wang, Q. & Stepanek, J. (2017) Diversity of the diatom genus Humidophila in karst areas of Guizhou, China. Phytotaxa 305: 269–284.
Main, S.P. (2003) Diprora haenaensis gen. et sp. nov., a filamentous, pseudoaerial, araphid diatom from Kauaʻi (Hawaiian Islands). Diatom Research 18: 259–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2003.9705591
Michel, T.J., Saros, J.E., Interlandi, S.J. & Wolfe, A.P. (2006) Resource requirements of four freshwater diatom taxa determined by in situ growth bioassays using natural populations from alpine lakes. Hydrobiologia 568 (1): 235–243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0109-0
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Radhakrishnan, C., Kulikovskiy, M., Glushchenko, A., Kuznetsova, I., Kociolek, P. & Karthick, B. (2018) Oricymba sagarensis (Gandhi) comb. nov., an endemic diatom from the Western Ghats, India. Phytotaxa 382 (3): 267–274. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.382.3.3
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Van de Vijver, B. & Kopalová, K. (2008) Orthoseira gremmenii sp. nov., a new aerophilic diatom from Gough Island (southern Atlantic Ocean). Cryptogamie Algologie 29: 105–118.
Wang, T., Wang, J.L., Zhou, Q.C., Chudaev, D.A., Kociolek, J.P. & Zhang, W. (2020) Navicula daochengensis sp. nov., a new freshwater diatom species (Bacillariophyceae) from a small mountain lake, Sichuan Province, China. Phytotaxa 439 (2): 150–158. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.2.6
Watanabe, T., Ohtsuka, T., Tuji, A. & Houki, A. (2005) Picture book and ecology of the freshwater diatoms. Uchida Rokakuho Publishing, Tokyo, 666 pp.
Whitton, B.A., Ellwood, N.T.W. & Kawecka, B. (2009) Biology of the freshwater diatom Didymosphenia: a review. Hydrobiologia 630 (1): 1–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-9753-5
You, Q.M., Yu, P., Kociolek, J.P., Zang, L.X., Lowe, R.L. & Wang, Q.X. (2019) Three new subaerial Achnanthidium (Bacillariophyta) species from karst landforms in Guizhou Province, China. Fottea 19: 138–150. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2019.005
Żelazna-Wieczorek, J.O.A.N.N.A., Lange-Bertalot, H., Olszyński, R.M. & Witkowski, A. (2020) Navicula fontana sp. nov., a new freshwater diatom from a limnocrenic spring in Central Poland. Phytotaxa 452 (2): 155–164. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.452.2.4
Zhang, W., Li, Y.L., Kociolek, J.P., Zhang, R.L. & Wang, L.Q. (2015) Oricymba tianmuensis sp. nov., a new cymbelloid species (Bacillariophyceae) from Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang Province, China. Phytotaxa 236 (3): 257–265. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.236.3.6
Zhang, W., Kociolek, J.P., Wang, L.Q. & Zhang, R.L. (2016) Oricymba xianjuensis sp. nov., a new freshwater diatom (Bacillariophyceae) from Xianju National Park (Zhejiang Province, China). Phytotaxa 272 (2): 134–140. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.2.4
Zhang, W., Shang, G.X., Kociolek, J.P., Wang, L.Q. & Zhang, R.L. (2018) Oricymba rhynchocephala sp. nov., a new cymbelloid diatom (Bacillariophyceae) from Xianju National Park in Zhejiang Province, China. Phytotaxa 340 (1): 63–70. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.1.4
Battarbee, R.W. (1986) Diatom analysis. In: Handbook of Holocene Palaeoecology & Palaeohydrology. John Wiley and Sons: Chichester, UK, pp. 527–570.
Buaya, A.T. & Thines, M. (2019) Miracula moenusica, a new member of the holocarpic parasitoid genus from the invasive freshwater diatom Pleurosira laevis. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 3: 35. https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2019.03.04
Cheng, Z. & Gao, Y. (2013) Flora algarum marinarum sinicarum. Tomus V. Bacillariophyta No. III. Pennatae II. Naviculales Naviculaceae Cymbellaceae Auriculaceae Gomphonemataceae. Science Press, Beijing, 183 pp.
Cleve, P.T. & Möller, J.D. (1877) Collection of 324 diatom slides with accompanying analyses of A. Grunow. Parts 1 (6): 38.
Czarnecki, D.B. (1994) The freshwater diatom culture collection at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa. Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences 17: 155–174.
Ehrenberg, C.G. (1831) Über die Entwickelung und Lebensdauer der Infusionsthiere; nebst ferneren Beiträgen zu einer Vergleichung ihrer organischen Systeme. Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Physikalische Klasse, 154 pp.
Ehrenberg, C.G. (1838) Die Infusionsthierchen als vollkommene Organismen. Ein Blick in das tiefere organische Leben de Natur. Verlag von Leopold Voss, Leipzig, 548 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.97605
Fallu, M.A., Allaire, N. & Pienitz, R. (2000) Freshwater diatoms from northern Québec and Labrador (Canada). Bibliotheca Diatomologica 45: 1436–7270.
Guo, H.J. & Long, C.L. (1998) Biodiversity of Yunnan. Kunming, China: Yunnan Science and Technology Press.
Joh, G. (2011) Algal flora of Korea. Volume 3, Number 4. Chrysophyta: Bacillariophyceae: Pennales:Raphidineae:Naviculaceae: Cymbella, Cymbopleura, Encyonema, Encyonopsis, Reimeria, Gomphonema. Freshwater diatoms IV. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 70 pp.
Jüttner, I., Krammer, K., Van de Vijver, B., Tuji, A., Simkhada, B., Gurung, S. & Cox, E.J. (2010) Oricymba (Cymbellales, Bacillariophyceae), a new cymbelloid genus and three new species from the Nepalese Himalaya. Phycologia 49 (5): 407–423. https://doi.org/10.2216/09-77.1
Kilroy, C. & Unwin, M. (2011) The arrival and spread of the bloom-forming, freshwater diatom, Didymosphenia geminata, in New Zealand. Aquatic Invasions 6 (3): 249–262. https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2011.6.3.02
Kociolek, J.P. (2018) A worldwide listing and biogeography of freshwater diatom genera: a phylogenetic perspective. Diatom Research 33 (4): 509–534. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2019.1574243
Kociolek, J.P., You, Q.M., Lou, F., Yu, P., Lowe, R.L. & Wang, Q.X. (2019) First report and new freshwater species of the genus Germainiella from China, based on collections from the Maolan Nature Reserve, Guizhou Province. Phytotaxa 393: 35–46. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.393.1.3
Kohler, T.J., Kopalová, K., Van de Vijver, B. & Kociolek, J.P. (2015) The genus Luticola D.G. Mann (Bacillariophyta) from the McMurdo Sound Region, Antarctica, with the description of four new species. Phytotaxa 208:103–134. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.208.2.1
Kopalová, K., Nedbalová, L., Nývlt, D., Elster, J. & Van de Vijver, B. (2013) Diversity, ecology and biogeography of the freshwater diatom communities from Ulu Peninsula (James Ross Island, NE Antarctic Peninsula). Polar Biology 36 (7): 933–948. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1317-5
Krammer, K. (2002) Cymbella. Diatoms of Europe 3: 1–584.
Kulikovskiy, M., Glushchenko, A. & Kociolek, J.P. (2015) The diatom genus Oricymba in Vietnam and Laos with description of one new species and a consideration of its systematic position. Phytotaxa 227 (2): 120–134. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.227.2.2
Kulikovskiy, M.S., Glushchenko, A.M., Kuznetsova, I.V. & Kociolek, J.P. (2018) Description of the new freshwater diatom genus Okhapkinia gen. nov. from Laos (Southeast Asia), with notes on family Sellaphoraceae Mereschkowsky 1902. Fottea, Olomouc 18 (1): 120–129. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2017.021
Kumar, S., Spaulding, S.A., Stohlgren, T.J., Hermann, K.A., Schmidt, T.S. & Bahls, L.L. (2009) Potential habitat distribution for the freshwater diatom Didymosphenia geminata in the continental US. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 7 (8): 415–420. https://doi.org/10.1890/080054
Kuntze, C.E.O. (1898) Revisio generum Plantarum Vascularium secundum leges nomenclaturale internationales cum enumeration Plantarum Exoticarum. vol.3, pt. 2. A. Felix, Leipzig. 375–1011 pp.
Kützing, F.T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529–562. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.65634
Li, Y., Yuan, J., Wang, D. & Liu, X. (2020) Research on dynamic change of soil erosion in Gongshan County based on GIS. Soil and Water Conservation Research 27 (04): 8–15. [In Chinese with English abstract]
Lowe, R.L., Furey, P.C., Ress, J.A. & Johansen, J.R. (2007) Diatom biodiversity and distribution on wetwalls in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Southeast Naturalist, Special Issue 1:135–152. https://doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2007)6[135:DBADOW]2.0.CO;2
Lowe, R.L., Kociolek, J.P., You, Q., Wang, Q. & Stepanek, J. (2017) Diversity of the diatom genus Humidophila in karst areas of Guizhou, China. Phytotaxa 305: 269–284.
Main, S.P. (2003) Diprora haenaensis gen. et sp. nov., a filamentous, pseudoaerial, araphid diatom from Kauaʻi (Hawaiian Islands). Diatom Research 18: 259–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2003.9705591
Michel, T.J., Saros, J.E., Interlandi, S.J. & Wolfe, A.P. (2006) Resource requirements of four freshwater diatom taxa determined by in situ growth bioassays using natural populations from alpine lakes. Hydrobiologia 568 (1): 235–243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0109-0
Miscoe, L., Johansen, J.R., Kociolek, J.P., Lowe, R.L., Vaccarino, M.A., Pietrasiak, N. & Sherwood, A.R.I. (2016) Investigation of the cave diatom flora of Kauai, Hawaii: An emphasis on taxonomy and distribution. II. Novel cyanobacteria from caves on Kauai, Hawaii. Bibliotheca Phycologica 120: 1–152.
Myers, N., Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., da Fonseca, G.A. & Kent, J. (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853–858. https://doi.org/10.1038/35002501
Radhakrishnan, C., Kulikovskiy, M., Glushchenko, A., Kuznetsova, I., Kociolek, P. & Karthick, B. (2018) Oricymba sagarensis (Gandhi) comb. nov., an endemic diatom from the Western Ghats, India. Phytotaxa 382 (3): 267–274. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.382.3.3
Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M. & Mann, D.G. (1990) The diatoms: biology and morphology of the genera. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 747 pp.
Van de Vijver, B. & Kopalová, K. (2008) Orthoseira gremmenii sp. nov., a new aerophilic diatom from Gough Island (southern Atlantic Ocean). Cryptogamie Algologie 29: 105–118.
Wang, T., Wang, J.L., Zhou, Q.C., Chudaev, D.A., Kociolek, J.P. & Zhang, W. (2020) Navicula daochengensis sp. nov., a new freshwater diatom species (Bacillariophyceae) from a small mountain lake, Sichuan Province, China. Phytotaxa 439 (2): 150–158. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.2.6
Watanabe, T., Ohtsuka, T., Tuji, A. & Houki, A. (2005) Picture book and ecology of the freshwater diatoms. Uchida Rokakuho Publishing, Tokyo, 666 pp.
Whitton, B.A., Ellwood, N.T.W. & Kawecka, B. (2009) Biology of the freshwater diatom Didymosphenia: a review. Hydrobiologia 630 (1): 1–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-9753-5
You, Q.M., Yu, P., Kociolek, J.P., Zang, L.X., Lowe, R.L. & Wang, Q.X. (2019) Three new subaerial Achnanthidium (Bacillariophyta) species from karst landforms in Guizhou Province, China. Fottea 19: 138–150. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2019.005
Żelazna-Wieczorek, J.O.A.N.N.A., Lange-Bertalot, H., Olszyński, R.M. & Witkowski, A. (2020) Navicula fontana sp. nov., a new freshwater diatom from a limnocrenic spring in Central Poland. Phytotaxa 452 (2): 155–164. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.452.2.4
Zhang, W., Li, Y.L., Kociolek, J.P., Zhang, R.L. & Wang, L.Q. (2015) Oricymba tianmuensis sp. nov., a new cymbelloid species (Bacillariophyceae) from Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang Province, China. Phytotaxa 236 (3): 257–265. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.236.3.6
Zhang, W., Kociolek, J.P., Wang, L.Q. & Zhang, R.L. (2016) Oricymba xianjuensis sp. nov., a new freshwater diatom (Bacillariophyceae) from Xianju National Park (Zhejiang Province, China). Phytotaxa 272 (2): 134–140. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.2.4
Zhang, W., Shang, G.X., Kociolek, J.P., Wang, L.Q. & Zhang, R.L. (2018) Oricymba rhynchocephala sp. nov., a new cymbelloid diatom (Bacillariophyceae) from Xianju National Park in Zhejiang Province, China. Phytotaxa 340 (1): 63–70. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.1.4