Abstract
Epidendrum katarun-yariku is hereby described and illustrated as a new species of Orchidaceae native to the summits and upper slopes of the sandstone tabletop mountains (tepuis) in the Guiana Highlands in South America.
References
Assis, F.N. de, Souza, B.C.Q., Medeiros-Neto, E., Pinheiro, F., Silva, A.E.B. & Felix, L.P. (2013) Karyology of the genus Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) with emphasis on subgenus Amphiglottium and chromosome number variability in Epidendrum secundum. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 172: 329–344.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12045">https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12045</a>
Barbosa-Silva, R.G. & Forzza, R.C. (2016) Parque Estadual da Serra do Aracá, Amazonas, Brazil, Spermatophytes of Serra do Aracá. 732 version 1. Chicago, United States of America. Available from: <a href="https://fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/rapid-color-guides-pdfs/732_brazil-spermatophytes_of_serra_do_araca.pdf">https://fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/rapid-color-guides-pdfs/732_brazil-spermatophytes_of_serra_do_araca.pdf</a> (accessed 2 November 2020)
Barbosa-Silva, R.G., Bueno, M.L., Labiak, P.H., Coelho, M.A.N., Martinelli, G. & Forzza, R.C. (2020) The Pantepui in the Brazilian Amazon: Vascular Flora of Serra de Aracá, a Cradle of Diversity, Richness and Endemism. The Botanical Review.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-020-09235-x">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-020-09235-x</a>
Brongniart, A.T. (1834) Epidendrum fulgens. In: Duperrey, L.I. (Ed.) Voyage Autour de Monde, Exécuté par Ordre du Roi. sur la Corvette de Sa Majesté La Coquille, Phanerogmie, 196 pp.
Chase, M.W., Cameron, K.M., Freudenstein, J.V., Pridgeon, A.M., Salazar, G., van den Berg, C. & Schuiteman, A. (2015) An updated classification of Orchidaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 177: 151–174.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12234">https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12234</a>
Dunsterville, G.C.K. & Garay, L.A. (1961) as Epidendrum secundum. Venezuelan Orchids Ilustrated 2: 148–150.
Foldats, E. (1970) Epidendrum secundum in Orchidaceae In: Lasser, T. (ed.) Flora de Venezuela 15 (3): 391–395.
Garay, L.A. & Sweet, H.R. (1974a) Epidendrum elongatum in Orchidaceae In: Howard, R.A. (Ed.) Flora of the Lesser Antilles. pp. 135–137.
Garay, L.A. & Sweet, H.R. (1974b) Epidendrum secundum in Orchidaceae In: Howard, R.A. (Ed.) Flora of the Lesser Antilles. pp. 156–159.
Hágsater, E. (1993) Epidendrum anceps or Epidendrum secundum? Orquídea (Mexico City) n.s. 13 (1–2): 153–158.
Hágsater, E. (2019) Epidendrum × elongatum. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (Eds.) The Genus Epidendrum, Part 13. Icones Orchidacearum 17 (1): pl. 1719.
Hágsater, E. (2020) Epidendrum × pinheiroi. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (Eds.) The Genus Epidendrum, Part 13. Icones Orchidacearum 17 (2): pl. 1787.
Hágsater, E., Charly, L., Courtinard, P. & Viscardi, G. (unpublished) The Epidendrum secundum-calanthum complex in Martinique, unpublished manuscript.
Hágsater, E. & Courtinard, P. (2019) Epidendrum cryptopateras. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (eds.), The Genus Epidendrum, Part 13. Icones Orchidacearum 17 (1): pl. 1715.
Hágsater, E., Rincón-Useche, C. & Pérez-Escobar, O. (2013) Epidendrum aura-usecheae. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (eds.), The Genus Epidendrum, Part 10. Icones Orchidacearum 14: pl. 1410.
Hágsater, E. & Soto Arenas, M.A. (2005) Epidendrum. In: Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (Eds.) Genera Orchidacearum, Epidendroideae 4. Oxford University, Oxford, pp. 236–251.
Hágsater, E. & Sánchez-Saldaña, L.M. (2003) AMO-DATA en la taxonomía y el manejo de colecciones. Lankesteriana 7: 5–6.
Hágsater, E. & Carnevali, G. (2018) Epidendrum holstii. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (eds.), The Genus Epidendrum, Part 12. Icones Orchidacearum 16 (1): pl. 1623.
Hágsater, E. & Duarte, J. (2020) Epidendrum holstii. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (Eds.) The Genus Epidendrum, Part 13. Icones Orchidacearum 17 (2): pl. 1770.
Huber, O. (1987) Vegetación y flora de Pantepui, región Guayana. Acta Botanica Brasilica 1 (2) suppl. 1: 41–52.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33061987000300005">https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33061987000300005</a>
IUCN (2001) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1, IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, ii + 30 pp.
Jacquin, N.J. (1763) Selectarum Stirpium Americanarum Historia. Krausiana, Vienna, Austria, 289 pp.
Jacquin, N.J. (1789) Epidendrum elongatum. Collectanea ad botanicam, chemiam, et historiam naturalem spectantia, cum figuris 3: 260.
Lindley, J. (1844) Epidendrum xanthinum. Edwards’s Botanical Register 30: 18.
Linnaeus, C. (1763) Species plantarum, 2, 2nd edition. Salvii, Stockholm, 1200 pp.
Moreno, J.S. & Hágsater, E. (2017) Epidendrum melinanthum. Species Orchidacearum 1 (1): LCDP 3.
Nogué, S., Rull, V. & Vegas-Vilarrúbia, T. (2009) Modeling biodiversity loss by global warming on Pantepui, northern South America: projected upward migration and potential habitat loss. Climatic Change 94: 77–85.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9554-x">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9554-x</a>
Pessoa, E.M. (2020) Epidendrum in Flora do Brasil 2020 under construction. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: <a href="http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB11579">http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB11579</a> (accessed 29 October 2020)
Pinheiro, F. & de Barros, F. (2006) Epidendrum puniceoluteum, uma nova espécie de Orchidaceae do litoral brasileiro. Hoehnea 33 (2): 247–250.
Pinheiro, F., de Barros, F., Palma-Silva, C., Meyer, D., Fay, M.R., Suzuki, R.M., Lexer, C., & Cozzolino, S. (2010) Hybridization and introgression across different ploidy levels in the Neotropical orchids Epidendrum fulgens and E. puniceoluteum (Orchidaceae). Molecular Ecology 19: 3981–3994.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04780.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04780.x</a>
QGIS (2020) QGIS Development Team. QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Available from: <a href="http://qgis.osgeo.org">http://qgis.osgeo.org</a> (accessed 12 August 2020)
Reflora (2020) Reflora–Virtual Herbarium. Available from: <a href="http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/herbarioVirtual/">http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/herbarioVirtual/</a> (accessed 29 October 2020)
Safont, E., Rull, V., Vegas-Vilarrúbia, T., Holst, B.K., Huber, O., Nozawa, S., Vivas, Y. & Silva, A. (2014) Establishing a baseline of plant diversity and endemism on a neotropical mountain summit for future comparative studies assessing upward migration: an approach from biogeography and nature conservation. Systematics and Biodiversity 12 (3): 292–314.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2014.918061">https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2014.918061</a>
Safont, E., Vegas-Vilarrúbia, T., & Rull, V. (2012) Use of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) tools to set priorities and optimize strategies in biodiversity conservation. Biological Conservation 149 (1): 113–121.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.067">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.067</a>
Santiago, E. & Rodríguez Martínez, L. (2016) Epidendrum lasiostachyum (Orchidaceae): A new Colombian species of the Epidendrum macrostachyum Group. Lankesteriana 16 (1): 27–37.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v16i1.23621">https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v16i1.23621</a>
Schlechter, R.; 1920, Die Orchideenfloren der südamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten, II Colombia. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis, Beihefte 7: 139, 151–152.
Schlechter, R. (1929) R. Mansfeld (Ed.) Figürenatlas zu den Orchideenfloren der südamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten, Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis, Beihefte 57 (6–11): t. 54, Nr. 206.
Schweinfurth, C. (1959) Epidendrum dichotomum in Orchids of Peru. Fieldiana, Botany 30 (2): 433–435.
Steyermark, J.A. (1979) Plant Refuge and Dispersal Centres in Venezuela: Their Relict and Endemic Element. In: Larsen, K. & Holm-Nielsen, L.B. (Eds.) Tropical Botany. Academic Press, Inc. Great Britain, London, pp. 185–221.
Thiers, B. (2016) Index Herbariorum: A Global Directory of Public Herbaria and Associated Staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: <a href="http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/">http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/</a> (accessed 2 November 2020)
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12045">https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12045</a>
Barbosa-Silva, R.G. & Forzza, R.C. (2016) Parque Estadual da Serra do Aracá, Amazonas, Brazil, Spermatophytes of Serra do Aracá. 732 version 1. Chicago, United States of America. Available from: <a href="https://fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/rapid-color-guides-pdfs/732_brazil-spermatophytes_of_serra_do_araca.pdf">https://fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/rapid-color-guides-pdfs/732_brazil-spermatophytes_of_serra_do_araca.pdf</a> (accessed 2 November 2020)
Barbosa-Silva, R.G., Bueno, M.L., Labiak, P.H., Coelho, M.A.N., Martinelli, G. & Forzza, R.C. (2020) The Pantepui in the Brazilian Amazon: Vascular Flora of Serra de Aracá, a Cradle of Diversity, Richness and Endemism. The Botanical Review.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-020-09235-x">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-020-09235-x</a>
Brongniart, A.T. (1834) Epidendrum fulgens. In: Duperrey, L.I. (Ed.) Voyage Autour de Monde, Exécuté par Ordre du Roi. sur la Corvette de Sa Majesté La Coquille, Phanerogmie, 196 pp.
Chase, M.W., Cameron, K.M., Freudenstein, J.V., Pridgeon, A.M., Salazar, G., van den Berg, C. & Schuiteman, A. (2015) An updated classification of Orchidaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 177: 151–174.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12234">https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12234</a>
Dunsterville, G.C.K. & Garay, L.A. (1961) as Epidendrum secundum. Venezuelan Orchids Ilustrated 2: 148–150.
Foldats, E. (1970) Epidendrum secundum in Orchidaceae In: Lasser, T. (ed.) Flora de Venezuela 15 (3): 391–395.
Garay, L.A. & Sweet, H.R. (1974a) Epidendrum elongatum in Orchidaceae In: Howard, R.A. (Ed.) Flora of the Lesser Antilles. pp. 135–137.
Garay, L.A. & Sweet, H.R. (1974b) Epidendrum secundum in Orchidaceae In: Howard, R.A. (Ed.) Flora of the Lesser Antilles. pp. 156–159.
Hágsater, E. (1993) Epidendrum anceps or Epidendrum secundum? Orquídea (Mexico City) n.s. 13 (1–2): 153–158.
Hágsater, E. (2019) Epidendrum × elongatum. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (Eds.) The Genus Epidendrum, Part 13. Icones Orchidacearum 17 (1): pl. 1719.
Hágsater, E. (2020) Epidendrum × pinheiroi. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (Eds.) The Genus Epidendrum, Part 13. Icones Orchidacearum 17 (2): pl. 1787.
Hágsater, E., Charly, L., Courtinard, P. & Viscardi, G. (unpublished) The Epidendrum secundum-calanthum complex in Martinique, unpublished manuscript.
Hágsater, E. & Courtinard, P. (2019) Epidendrum cryptopateras. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (eds.), The Genus Epidendrum, Part 13. Icones Orchidacearum 17 (1): pl. 1715.
Hágsater, E., Rincón-Useche, C. & Pérez-Escobar, O. (2013) Epidendrum aura-usecheae. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (eds.), The Genus Epidendrum, Part 10. Icones Orchidacearum 14: pl. 1410.
Hágsater, E. & Soto Arenas, M.A. (2005) Epidendrum. In: Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (Eds.) Genera Orchidacearum, Epidendroideae 4. Oxford University, Oxford, pp. 236–251.
Hágsater, E. & Sánchez-Saldaña, L.M. (2003) AMO-DATA en la taxonomía y el manejo de colecciones. Lankesteriana 7: 5–6.
Hágsater, E. & Carnevali, G. (2018) Epidendrum holstii. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (eds.), The Genus Epidendrum, Part 12. Icones Orchidacearum 16 (1): pl. 1623.
Hágsater, E. & Duarte, J. (2020) Epidendrum holstii. In: Hágsater, E. & Santiago, E. (Eds.) The Genus Epidendrum, Part 13. Icones Orchidacearum 17 (2): pl. 1770.
Huber, O. (1987) Vegetación y flora de Pantepui, región Guayana. Acta Botanica Brasilica 1 (2) suppl. 1: 41–52.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33061987000300005">https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33061987000300005</a>
IUCN (2001) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1, IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, ii + 30 pp.
Jacquin, N.J. (1763) Selectarum Stirpium Americanarum Historia. Krausiana, Vienna, Austria, 289 pp.
Jacquin, N.J. (1789) Epidendrum elongatum. Collectanea ad botanicam, chemiam, et historiam naturalem spectantia, cum figuris 3: 260.
Lindley, J. (1844) Epidendrum xanthinum. Edwards’s Botanical Register 30: 18.
Linnaeus, C. (1763) Species plantarum, 2, 2nd edition. Salvii, Stockholm, 1200 pp.
Moreno, J.S. & Hágsater, E. (2017) Epidendrum melinanthum. Species Orchidacearum 1 (1): LCDP 3.
Nogué, S., Rull, V. & Vegas-Vilarrúbia, T. (2009) Modeling biodiversity loss by global warming on Pantepui, northern South America: projected upward migration and potential habitat loss. Climatic Change 94: 77–85.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9554-x">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9554-x</a>
Pessoa, E.M. (2020) Epidendrum in Flora do Brasil 2020 under construction. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: <a href="http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB11579">http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB11579</a> (accessed 29 October 2020)
Pinheiro, F. & de Barros, F. (2006) Epidendrum puniceoluteum, uma nova espécie de Orchidaceae do litoral brasileiro. Hoehnea 33 (2): 247–250.
Pinheiro, F., de Barros, F., Palma-Silva, C., Meyer, D., Fay, M.R., Suzuki, R.M., Lexer, C., & Cozzolino, S. (2010) Hybridization and introgression across different ploidy levels in the Neotropical orchids Epidendrum fulgens and E. puniceoluteum (Orchidaceae). Molecular Ecology 19: 3981–3994.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04780.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04780.x</a>
QGIS (2020) QGIS Development Team. QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Available from: <a href="http://qgis.osgeo.org">http://qgis.osgeo.org</a> (accessed 12 August 2020)
Reflora (2020) Reflora–Virtual Herbarium. Available from: <a href="http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/herbarioVirtual/">http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/herbarioVirtual/</a> (accessed 29 October 2020)
Safont, E., Rull, V., Vegas-Vilarrúbia, T., Holst, B.K., Huber, O., Nozawa, S., Vivas, Y. & Silva, A. (2014) Establishing a baseline of plant diversity and endemism on a neotropical mountain summit for future comparative studies assessing upward migration: an approach from biogeography and nature conservation. Systematics and Biodiversity 12 (3): 292–314.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2014.918061">https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2014.918061</a>
Safont, E., Vegas-Vilarrúbia, T., & Rull, V. (2012) Use of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) tools to set priorities and optimize strategies in biodiversity conservation. Biological Conservation 149 (1): 113–121.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.067">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.067</a>
Santiago, E. & Rodríguez Martínez, L. (2016) Epidendrum lasiostachyum (Orchidaceae): A new Colombian species of the Epidendrum macrostachyum Group. Lankesteriana 16 (1): 27–37.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v16i1.23621">https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v16i1.23621</a>
Schlechter, R.; 1920, Die Orchideenfloren der südamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten, II Colombia. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis, Beihefte 7: 139, 151–152.
Schlechter, R. (1929) R. Mansfeld (Ed.) Figürenatlas zu den Orchideenfloren der südamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten, Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis, Beihefte 57 (6–11): t. 54, Nr. 206.
Schweinfurth, C. (1959) Epidendrum dichotomum in Orchids of Peru. Fieldiana, Botany 30 (2): 433–435.
Steyermark, J.A. (1979) Plant Refuge and Dispersal Centres in Venezuela: Their Relict and Endemic Element. In: Larsen, K. & Holm-Nielsen, L.B. (Eds.) Tropical Botany. Academic Press, Inc. Great Britain, London, pp. 185–221.
Thiers, B. (2016) Index Herbariorum: A Global Directory of Public Herbaria and Associated Staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: <a href="http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/">http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/</a> (accessed 2 November 2020)