Abstract
Spruceanthus planifolius, a rare species previously known only from Japan and Korea, is reported here for the first time from China. This species is characterized by the large leaf lobules ca. 1/2 as long as leaf lobes, the lobule with one tooth, and the lobular tooth 3–4 cells long and 2–3 cells wide at base. Detailed description and illustrations of S. planifolius are provided. The intensive Floristic Habitat Sampling (FHS) approach is suggested as the reason for the discovery of this rare species from China.