Abstract
Prosopanche panguanensis, from the Peruvian lowland rain forest, is proposed as a new species. The species is similar to Prosopanche costaricensis but differs with solitary flowers (vs. flowers in fascicles), a perigonial tube prolonged above the insertion point of the synandrium (vs. perigonial tube not prolonged), and staminodes cucullate and sessile (vs. bilobed in the apex). A description, illustrations, pictures of live specimens, and information about its habitat and distribution are given. An account on Prosopanche specimens recorded from Peru and their identity is also provided.
References
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Spegazzini, C.L. (1898) Une nouvelle espèce de Prosopanche. Comunicaciones del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires 1: 19–22.
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https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao0398
Valenzuela, L., Vásquez, R., Rojas, R., Villalba, M.I., Phillips, O., López, G., Chama, V., Monteagudo, A., Bellota, D., Huillca, Y. & Pallqui, N.C. (2015) Línea base para el monitoreo de la vegetación en la Reserva Comunal El Sira (RCS). Arnaldoa 22: 243–268.
Vaccaneo, R. (1932) Una nuova Hydnora della Somalia Italiana. Nuovo Giornale Botanico 39: 304–308.
https://doi.org/10.1080/11263503209440420
Vasquez, R. & Rojas, R.D.P. (2016) Clave para identificar grupos de familias de Gymnospermae y Angiospermae del Perú. Jardín Botánico de Missouri. Available from: http://www.jbmperu.org/curso/Clave_Identificacion_Plantas.pdf (accessed 20 November 2017)
https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12385
Agardh, C.A. (1821) Aphorismi botanici 7. Berling, Lund, pp. 87–102.
Baillon, H. (1886) Histoire des plantes 9 (1). Hachette & Cie., Paris, pp. 1–80.
Barkman, T.J., McNeal, J.R., Lim, S-H., Coat, G., Croom, H.B., Young, N.D. & dePamphilis, C.W. (2007) Mitochondrial DNA suggests at least 11 origins of parasitism in angiosperms and reveals genomic chimerism in parasitic plants. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7: 248.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-248
Bolin, J.F., Lupton, D. & Musselman, L.J. (2018) Hydnora arabica (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from the Arabian Peninsula and a key to Hydnora. Phytotaxa 338 (1): 99–108.
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.338.1.8
Brown, R. (1845) Description of the female flower and fruit of Rafflesia arnoldi with remarks on its affinities; and an illustration of the structure of Hydnora africana. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 19: 221–247.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1842.tb00365.x
Bruch, C. (1923) Coleópteros fertilizadores de Prosopanche burmeisteri De Bary. Physis 7: 82–88.
Cocucci, A.E. (1965) Estudios en el género Prosopanche (Hydnoraceae), revisión taxonómica. Kurtziana 2: 53–74.
Cocucci, A.E. & Cocucci, A.A. (1996) Prosopanche (Hydnoraceae): somatic and reproductive structures, biology, systematics, phylogeny and potentialities as a parasitic weed. In: Moreno, M., Cubero, J., Berner, D., Joel, D., Musselman, L. & Parker, C. (Eds.) Advances in parasitic plant research: Sixth international parasitic weed symposium. Junta de Andalucia, Dirección General de Investigación Agraria, Córdoba, pp. 179–193.
De Bary, H.A. (1868) Prosopanche burmeisteri, eine neue Hydnoree aus Süd-Amerika. Abhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Halle 10: 241–269.
De Jussieu, A.L. (1789) Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita. Herissant, Paris.
Gómez, P.L.D. & Gómez-Laurito, J. (1981) A new species of Prosopanche (Hydnoraceae) from Costa Rica. Phytologia 49: 53–55.
Harms, H.A.T. (1935) Hydnoraceae. In: Engler, A. & Harms, H.A.T. (Eds.) Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, ed. 2. 16b. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 282–295.
IUCN (2017) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Version 11. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2014. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 20 November 2017)
JBM-Perú (2009) Hydnoraceae C. Agardh. una familia nueva para la flora peruana. Available from: <a href="http://www.jbmperu.org/curso/Hydnoraceae.pdf">http://www.jbmperu.org/curso/Hydnoraceae.pdf</a> (accessed 15 June 2016)
Machado, R.F. & Queiroz, L.P. (2012) A new species of Prosopanche (Hydnoraceae) from northeastern Brazil. Phytotaxa 75: 58–64.
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.75.1.5
Massoni, J., Forest, F. & Sauquet, H. (2014) Increased sampling of both genes and taxa improves resolution of phylogenetic relationships within Magnoliidae, a large and early-diverging clade of angiosperms. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 70: 84–93.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.09.010
Meijer, W. (1993) Hydnoraceae. In: Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J.G. & Bittrich, V. (Eds.) The families and genera of vascular plants, Vol. II: Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons (Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyliid Families). Springer, Berlin, pp. 341–343.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02899-5_41
Musselman, L.J. & Visser, J.H. (1986) The strangest plant in the world! Veld Flora 71: 109–111.
Musselman, L.J. & Visser, J.H. (1989) Taxonomy and natural history of Hydnora. Aliso 12: 317–326.
https://doi.org/10.5642/aliso.19891202.09
Naumann, J., Salomo, K., Der, J.P., Wafula, E.K., Bolin, J.F., Maass, E., Frenzke, L., Samain, M.S., Neinhuis, C., dePamphilis, C.W. & Wanke, S. (2013) Single-copy nuclear genes place haustorial Hydnoraceae within Piperales and reveal a Cretaceous origin of multiple parasitic angiosperm lineages. PLoS ONE 8: e79204.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079204
Nickrent, D.L., Blarer, A., Qiu, Y., Soltis, D.E., Soltis, P.S. & Zanis, M. (2002) Molecular data place Hydnoraceae with Aristolochiaceae. American Journal of Botany 89: 1809–1817.
https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.89.11.1809
Shorthouse, D.P. (2010) SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication-quality point maps. Available from: <a href="http://www.simplemappr.net/">http://www.simplemappr.net</a> (accessed 20 January 2018)
Spegazzini, C.L. (1898) Une nouvelle espèce de Prosopanche. Comunicaciones del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires 1: 19–22.
Thunberg, C.P. (1775) Beskrifning paa en ganska besynnerlig och obekant svamp, Hydnora africana. Kongalia Vetenskaps Akademiens Handlingar 36: 69–75.
Ulloa Ulloa, C., Acevedo-Rodríguez, P., Beck, S., Belgrano, M.J., Bernal, R., Berry, P.E., Brako, L., Celis, M., Davidse, G., Forzza, R.C., Gradstein, S.R., Hokche, O., León, B., León-Yánez, S., Magill, R.E., Neill, D.A., Nee, M., Raven, P.H., Stimmel, H., Strong, M.T., Villaseñor, J.L., Zarucchi, J.L., Zuloaga, F.O. & Jørgensen, P.M. (2017) An integrated assessment of the vascular plant species of the Americas. Science 358: 1614–1617.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao0398
Valenzuela, L., Vásquez, R., Rojas, R., Villalba, M.I., Phillips, O., López, G., Chama, V., Monteagudo, A., Bellota, D., Huillca, Y. & Pallqui, N.C. (2015) Línea base para el monitoreo de la vegetación en la Reserva Comunal El Sira (RCS). Arnaldoa 22: 243–268.
Vaccaneo, R. (1932) Una nuova Hydnora della Somalia Italiana. Nuovo Giornale Botanico 39: 304–308.
https://doi.org/10.1080/11263503209440420
Vasquez, R. & Rojas, R.D.P. (2016) Clave para identificar grupos de familias de Gymnospermae y Angiospermae del Perú. Jardín Botánico de Missouri. Available from: http://www.jbmperu.org/curso/Clave_Identificacion_Plantas.pdf (accessed 20 November 2017)