Abstract
The new species Hydnellum dianthifolium is described and illustrated from Pinus brutia forests in Cyprus and southern Italy. Evidence from ITS-based phylogenetic and morphological analyses, including scanning electron microscopy is provided, and the relevant literature is reviewed. The long-standing taxonomic problems associated with the closely affiliated taxa Hydnellum concrescens and H. scrobiculatum, both variously interpreted in the literature and as yet phylogenetically unresolved, are discussed.