Abstract
Dichorisandra picta has been considered a name of dubious application due to the lack of known herbarium specimens, and consequently lack of a type specimen, and information regarding its natural distribution. Recent field, herbaria and literature studies, focusing on the species of Commelinaceae from Rio de Janeiro state, clarified the identity and application of this enigmatic name. As a result, the typification of the names related to D. picta is presented, along with the first complete description for this species, field photographs and a distribution map. Dichorisandra picta is also compared with the remaining species of the D. acaulis morphological group.