Abstract
A new species of lichenicolous fungi, Dacampia himalayana sp. nov., is described from the Kumaun Himalayan region in Bagheshwar district of Uttarakhand, India, found growing on Cladonia pyxidata. Morphologically, the new species is characterized by forming semi-immersed perithecioid ascomata, 6-spored asci, sub-muriform to muriform ascospores (18.2–) 20.6–24.3 (–25.9) × (7.8–) 8.6–9.7 (–9.9) µm, with 4–6 transverse septa, and a single longitudinal septum. Dacampia cladoniicola shows similarity with the new taxon but differs in ascospore size. Detailed morphological, anatomical analysis and comparisons with more similar species confirm its novelty. In addition, a detailed worldwide key to the recognized species of Dacampia is provided to facilitate identification.
References
- Alstrup, V. & Hawksworth, D.L. (1990) The lichenicolous fungi of Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland, Bioscience 31: 1–90. https://doi.org/10.7146/mogbiosci.v31.142406
- Alstrup, V. (1997) New lichenicolous fungi found on the NLF meeting in Norway 1993. Graphis Scripta 8: 25–29.
- Brackel, W. von (2010a) Weitere Funde von flechtenbewohnenden Pilzen in Bayern—Beitrag zu einer Checkliste V. Berichte der Bayerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der Heimischen Flora 80: 5–32.
- Brackel, W. von (2010b) Dacampia cyrtellae, a new name for Dacampia lecaniae Brackel. Herzogia 23: 315–316. https://doi.org/10.13158/heia.23.2.2010.315
- Brackel, W. von (2011) Lichenicolous fungi and lichens from Puglia and Basilicata (southern Italy). Herzogia 24: 65–101. https://doi.org/10.13158/heia.24.1.2011.65
- De los Ríos, A. & Grube, M. (2000) Host–parasite interfaces of some lichenicolous fungi in the Dacampiaceae (Dothideales, Ascomycota). Mycological Research 104 (11): 1348–1353. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756200003112
- Diederich, P., Lawrey, J.D. & Ertz, D. (2018) The 2018 classification and checklist of lichenicolous fungi, with 2000 non-lichenized, obligately lichenicolous taxa. The Bryologist 121 (3): 340–425. https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-121.3.340
- Earland-Bennett, P.M., Hitch, C.J.B. & Hawksworth, D.L. (2006) New records and new species of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Mataelpino (Sierra de Guadarrama, Comunidad de Madrid). Boletín de la Sociedad Micológica de Madrid 30: 243–248.
- Eriksson, O. & Hawksworth, D.L. (1986) Outline of the ascomycetes—1986. Syst Ascomycetum 5: 185–324.
- Eriksson, O.E. & Hawksworth, D.L. (1993) Outline of the ascomycetes—1993. Syst Ascomycetum 12: 51–257.
- Ertz, D., Diederich, P., Lawrey, J.D., Berger, F., Freebury, C.E., Coppins, B., Gardiennet, A. & Hafellner, J. (2015) Phylogenetic insights resolve Dacampiaceae (Pleosporales) as polyphyletic: Didymocyrtis (Pleosporales, Phaeosphaeriaceae) with Phoma-like anamorphs resurrected and segregated from Polycoccum (Trypetheliales, Polycoccaceae fam. nov.). Fungal Diversity 74: 53–89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-015-0345-6
- Etayo, J. & Sancho, L.G. (2008) Hongos liquenícolas del sur de Sudamérica, especialmente de Isla Navarino (Chile). Bibliotheca Lichenologica 98: 1–302.
- Etayo, J. (2017) Hongos liquenícolas de Ecuador. Opera Lilloana 50: 159–161. [http://lillo.org.ar/revis/opera-lilloana/2017-opl-v50.pdf]
- Fries, T.M. (1871) Lichenographia scandinavica. Uppsala. Swenden: Schullz 1:1–324.
- Hafellner, J. (2011) Halospora resurrected and segregated from Merismatium. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 106: 75–93.
- Halıcı, M., Türk, A. & Candan, M. (2008) Dacampia cladoniicola sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Dacampiaceae) on Cladonia sp. from Turkey. Mycotaxon 103 (1): 53–57. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.414368
- Halıcı, M.G. & Hawksworth, D.L. (2008) Two new species of Dacampia (Ascomycota, Dacampiaceae), with a key to and synopsis of the known species of the genus. Fungal Diversity 28: 49–54.
- Halıcı, M.G., Candan, M. & Calatayud, V. (2009b) Dacampia rubra sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Dacampiaceae), a lichenicolous fungus on vagrant Aspicilia species. Mycotaxon 108 (1): 235–240. https://doi.org/10.5248/108.235
- Halıcı, M.G., Etayo, J. & Candan, M. (2009a) Two new lichenicolous species of Dacampia on Teloschistaceae. Mycotaxon 109 (1): 393–398. https://doi.org/10.5248/109.393
- Hawksworth, D.L., Atienza, V. & Coppins, B.J. (2010) Artificial Keys to the Lichenicolous Fungi of Great Britain, Ireland, the Channel Islands, Iberian Peninsula, and Canary Islands.
- Hawksworth, D.L. & Diederich, P. (1988) A synopsis of the genus Polycoccum (Dothideales), with a key to accepted species. Trans Br Mycol Soc 90: 293–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(88)80101-3
- Hawksworth, D.L. (1986) Notes on British lichenicolous fungi: V. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 43: 497–519. https://doi.org/10.24823/nrbge.1986.3454
- Henssen, A. (1995) Studies on the biology and structure of Dacampia (Dothideales), a genus with lichenized and lichenicolous species. Cryptogamic Botany 5 (2): 149–158.
- Hoffmann, G.F. (1796) Deutschlands Flora oder botanisches Taschenbuch. Zweyter Theil für das Jahr 1795. Cryptogamie. J.G. Müller, Leipzig, pp. 1–200. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.126793
- Hooker, W.J. & Sowerby, J.D.C. (1831) Supplement to the English Botany of the late Sir J.E. Smith and Mr. Sowerby. J.D.C. & C.E. Sowerby, London, Vol. 1.
- Humboldt, F. von (1793) Florae Fribergensis specimen plantas cryptogamicas praesertim subterraneas exhibens. Freiberg, pp. 1–189. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.159773
- Hyde, K.D., Jones, E.B.G., Liu, J.-K., Ariyawansa, H., Boehm, E., Boonmee, S., Braun, U., Chomnunti, P., Crous, P.W., Dai, D.-Q., Diederich, P., Dissanayake, A., Doilom, M., Doveri, F., Hongsanan, S., Jayawardena, R., Lawrey, J.D., Li, Y.-M., Liu, Y.-X., Lücking, R., Monkai, J., Muggia, L., Nelsen, M.P., Pang, K.-L., Phookamsak, R., Senanayake, I.C., Shearer, C.A., Suetrong, S., Tanaka, K., Thambugala, K.M., Wijayawardene, N.N., Wikee, S., Wu, H.-X., Zhang, Y., Aguirre-Hudson, B., Alias, S.A., Aptroot, A., Bahkali, A.H., Bezerra, J.L., Bhat, D.J., Camporesi, E., Chukeatirote, E., Gueidan, C., Hawksworth, D.L., Hirayama, K., De Hoog, S., Kang, J.-C., Knudsen, K., Li, W.-J., Li, X.-H., Liu, Z.-Y., Mapook, A., McKenzie, E.H.C., Miller, A.N., Mortimer, P.E., Phillips, A.J.L., Raja, H.A., Scheuer, C., Schumm, F., Taylor, J.E., Tian, Q., Tibpromma, S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Wang, Y., Xu, J.-C., Yacharoen, S., Yan, J.-Y. & Zhang, M. (2013) Families of Dothideomycetes. Fungal Diversity 63: 1–313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-013-0263-4
- Hyde, K.D., Noorabadi, M.T., Thiyagaraja, V., He, M.Q., Johnston, P.R., Wijesinghe, S.N., Armand, A., Biketova, A.Y., Chethana, K.W.T., Erdoğdu, M., Ge, Z.W., Groenewald, J.Z., Hongsanan, S., Kušan, I., Leontyev, D.V., Li, D.W., Lin, C.G., Liu, N.G., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Matočec, N., May, T.W., McKenzie, E.H.C., Mešić, A., Perera, R.H., Phukhamsakda, C., Piątek, M., Samarakoon, M.C., Selcuk, F., Senanayake, I.C., Tanney, J.B., Tian, Q., Vizzini, A., Wanasinghe, D.N., Wannasawang, N., Wijayawardene, N.N., Zhao, R.L., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Abdollahzadeh, J., Abeywickrama, P.D., Abhinav, Absalan, S., Acharya, K., Afshari, N., Afshan, N.S., Afzalinia, S., Ahmadpour, S.A., Akulov, O., Alizadeh, A., Alizadeh, M., Al-Sadi, A.M., Alves, A., Alves, V.C.S., Alves-Silva, G., Antonín, V., Aouali, S., Aptroot, A., Apurillo, C.C.S., Arias, R.M., Asgari, B., Asghari, R., Assis, D.M.A., Assyov, B., Atienza, V., Aumentado, H.D.R., Avasthi, S., Azevedo, E., Bakhshi, M., Bao, D.F., Baral, H.O., Barata, M., Barbosa, K.D., Barbosa, R.N., Barbosa, F.R., Baroncelli, R., Barreto, G.G., Baschien, C., Bennett, R.M., Bera, I., Bezerra, J.D.P., Bhunjun, C.S., Bianchinotti, M.V., Błaszkowski, J., Boekhout, T., Bonito, G.M., Boonmee, S., Boonyuen, N., Bortnikov, F.M., Bregant, C., Bundhun, D., Burgaud, G., Buyck, B., Caeiro, M.F., Cabarroi-Hernández, M., Cai, M.F., Cai, L., Calabon, M.S., Calaça, F.J.S., Callalli, M., Câmara, M.P.S., Cano-Lira, J., Cao, B., Carlavilla, J.R., Carvalho, A., Carvalho, T.G., Castañeda-Ruiz, R.F., Catania, M.D.V., Cazabonne, J., Cedeño-Sanchez, M., Chaharmiri-Dokhaharani, S., Chaiwan, N., Chakraborty, N., Cheewankoon, R., Chen, C., Chen, J., Chen, Q., Chen, Y.P., Chinaglia, S., Coelho-Nascimento, C.C., Coleine, C., Costa-Rezende, D.H., Cortés-Pérez, A., Crouch, J.A., Crous, P.W., Cruz, R.H.S.F., Czachura, P., Damm, U., Darmostuk, V., Daroodi, Z., Das, K., Das, K., Davoodian, N., Davydov, E.A., da Silva, G.A., da Silva, I.R., da Silva, R.M.F., da Silva Santos, A.C., Dai, D.Q., Dai, Y.C., de Groot, M.D., De Kesel, A., De Lange, R., de Medeiros, E.V., de Souza, C.F.A., de Souza, F.A., dela Cruz, T.E.E., Decock, C., Delgado, G., Denchev, C.M., Denchev, T.T., Deng, Y.L., Dentinger, B.T.M., Devadatha, B., Dianese, J.C., Dima, B., Doilom, M., Dissanayake, A.J., Dissanayake, D.M.L.S., Dissanayake, L.S., Diniz, A.G., Dolatabadi, S., Dong, J.H., Dong, W., Dong, Z.Y., Drechsler-Santos, E.R., Druzhinina, I.S., Du, T.Y., Dubey, M.K., Dutta, A.K., Elliott, T.F., Elshahed, M.S., Egidi, E., Eisvand, P., Fan, L., Fan, X., Fan, X.L., Fedosova, A.G., Ferro, L.O., Fiuza, P.O., Flakus, A., Fonseca, E.O.W., Fryar, S.C., Gabaldón, T., Gajanayake, A.J., Gannibal, P.B., Gao, F., García-Sánchez, D., García-Sandoval, R., Garrido-Benavent, I., Garzoli, L., Gasca-Pineda, J., Gautam, A.K., Gené, J., Ghobad-Nejhad, M., Ghosh, A., Giachini, A.J., Gibertoni, T.B., Gentekaki, E., Gmoshinskiy, V.I., Góes-Neto, A., Gomdola, D., Gorjón, S.P., Goto, B.T., Granados-Montero, M.M., Griffith, G.W., Groenewald, M., Grossart, H.-P., Gu, Z.R., Gueidan, C., Gunarathne, A., Gunaseelan, S., Guo, S.L., Gusmão, L.F.P., Gutierrez, A.C., Guzmán-Dávalos, L., Haelewaters, D., Haituk, H., Halling, R.E., He, S.C., Heredia, G., Hernández-Restrepo, M., Hosoya, T., Hoog, S.D., Horak, E., Hou, C.L., Houbraken, J., Htet, Z.H., Huang, S.K., Huang, W.J., Hurdeal, V.G., Hustad, V.P., Inácio, C.A., Janik, P., Jayalal, R.G.U., Jayasiri, S.C., Jayawardena, R.S., Jeewon, R., Jerônimo, G.H., Jin, J., Jones, E.B.G., Joshi, Y., Jurjević, Ž., Justo, A., Kakishima, M., Kaliyaperumal, M., Kang, G.P., Kang, J.C., Karimi, O., Karunarathna, S.C., Karpov, S.A., Kezo, K., Khalid, A.N., Khan, M.K., Khuna, S., Khyaju, S., Kirchmair, M., Klawonn, I., Kraisitudomsook, N., Kukwa, M., Kularathnage, N.D., Kumar, S., Lachance, M.A., Lado, C., Latha, K.P.D., Lee, H.B., Leonardi, M., Lestari, A.S., Li, C., Li, H., Li, J., Li, Q., Li, Y., Li, Y.C., Li, Y.X., Liao, C.F., Lima, J.L.R., Lima, J.M.S., Lima, N.B., Lin, L., Linaldeddu, B.T., Linn, M.M., Liu, F., Liu, J.K., Liu, J.W., Liu, S., Liu, S.L., Liu, X.F., Liu, X.Y., Longcore, J.E., Luangharn, T., Luangsa-ard, J.J., Lu, L., Lu, Y.Z., Lumbsch, H.T., Luo, L., Luo, M., Luo, Z.L., Ma, J., Madagammana, A.D., Madhushan, A., Madrid, H., Magurno, F., Magyar, D., Mahadevakumar, S., Malosso, E., Malysh, J.M., Mamarabadi, M., Manawasinghe, I.S., Manfrino, R.G., Manimohan, P., Mao, N., Mapook, A., Marchese, P., Marasinghe, D.S., Mardones, M., Marin-Felix, Y., Masigol, H., Mehrabi, M., Mehrabi-Koushki, M., Meiras-Ottoni, A.d., Melo, R.F.R., Mendes-Alvarenga, R.L., Mendieta, S., Meng, Q.F., Menkis, A., Menolli Jr, N., Mikšík, M., Miller, S.L., Moncada, B., Moncalvo, J.M., Monteiro, J.S., Monteiro, M., Mora-Montes, H.M., Moroz, E.L., Moura, J.C., Muhammad, U., Mukhopadhyay, S., Nagy, G.L., Najam-ul-Sehar, A., Najafiniya, M., Nanayakkara, C.M., Naseer, A., Nascimento, E.C.R., Nascimento, S.S., Neuhauser, S., Neves, M.A., Niazi, A.R., Nie, Y., Nilsson, R.H., Nogueira, P.T.S., Novozhilov, Y.K., Noordeloos, M., Norphanphoun, C., Nuñez Otaño, N., O’Donnell, R.P., Oehl, F., Oliveira, J.A., Oliveira Junior, I., Oliveira, N.V.L., Oliveira, P.H.F., Orihara, T., Oset, M., Pang, K.L., Papp, V., Pathirana, L.S., Peintner, U., Pem, D., Pereira, O.L., Pérez-Moreno, J., Pérez-Ortega, S., Péter, G., Pires-Zottarelli, C.L.A., Phonemany, M., Phongeun, S., Pošta, A., Prazeres, J.F.S.A., Quan, Y., Quandt, C.A., Queiroz, M.B., Radek, R., Rahnama, K., Raj, K.N.A., Rajeshkumar, K.C., Rajwar, S., Ralaiveloarisoa, A.B., Rämä, T., Ramírez-Cruz, V., Rambold, G., Rathnayaka, A.R., Raza, M., Ren, G.C., Rinaldi, A.C., Rivas-Ferreiro, M., Robledo, G.L., Ronikier, A., Rossi, W., Rusevska, K., Ryberg, M., Safi, A., Salimi, F., Salvador-Montoya, C.A., Samant, B., Samaradiwakara, N.P., Sánchez-Castro, I., Sandoval-Denis, M., Santiago, A.L.C.M.A., Santos, A.C.D.S., Santos, L.A.d., Sarma, V.V., Sarwar, S., Savchenko, A., Savchenko, K., Saxena, R.K., Schoutteten, N., Selbmann, L., Ševčíková, H., Sharma, A., Shen, H.W., Shen, Y.M., Shu, Y.X., Silva, H.F., Silva-Filho, A.G.S., Silva, V.S.H., Simmons, D.R., Singh, R., Sir, E.B., Sohrabi, M., Souza, F.A., Souza-Motta, C.M., Sriindrasutdhi, V., Sruthi, O.P., Stadler, M., Stemler, J., Stephenson, S.L., Stoyneva-Gaertner, M.P., Strassert, J.F.H., Stryjak-Bogacka, M., Su, H., Sun, Y.R., Svantesson, S., Sysouphanthong, P., Takamatsu, S., Tan, T.H., Tanaka, K., Tang, C., Tang, X., Taylor, J.E., Taylor, P.W.J., Tennakoon, D.S., Thakshila, S.A.D., Thambugala, K.M., Thamodini, G.K., Thilanga, D., Thines, M., Tiago, P.V., Tian, X.G., Tian, W.H., Tibpromma, S., Tkalčec, Z., Tokarev, Y.S., Tomšovský, M., Torruella, G., Tsurykau, A., Udayanga, D., Ulukapı, M., Untereiner, W.A., Usman, M., Uzunov, B.A., Vadthanarat, S., Valenzuela, R., Van den Wyngaert, S., Van Vooren, N., Velez, P., Verma, R.K., Vieira, L.C., Vieira, W.A.S., Vinzelj, J.M., Tang, A.M.C., Walker, A., Walker, A.K., Wang, Q.M., Wang, Y., Wang, X.Y., Wang, Z.Y., Wannathes, N., Wartchow, F., Weerakoon, G., Wei, D.P., Wei, X., White, J.F., Wijesundara, D.S.A., Wisitrassameewong, K., Worobiec, G., Wu, H.X., Wu, N., Xiong, Y.R., Xu, B., Xu, J.P., Xu, R., Xu, R.F., Xu, R.J., Yadav, S., Yakovchenko, L.S., Yang, H.D., Yang, X., Yang, Y.H., Yang, Y., Yang, Y.Y., Yoshioka, R., Youssef, N.H., Yu, F.M., Yu, Z.F., Yuan, L.L., Yuan, Q., Zabin, D.A., Zamora, J.C., Zapata, C.V., Zare, R., Zeng, M., Zeng, X.Y., Zhang, J.F., Zhang, J.Y., Zhang, S., Zhang, X.C., Zhao, C.L., Zhao, H., Zhao, Q., Zhao, H., Zhao, H.J., Zhou, H.M., Zhu, X.Y., Zmitrovich, I.V., Zucconi, L.& Zvyagina, E. (2024) The 2024 outline of fungi and fungus-like taxa. Mycosphere 15: 5201. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/15/1/25
- Ihlen, P.G. & Wedin, M. (2008) An annotated key to the lichenicolous Ascomycota (including mitosporic morphs) of Sweden. Nova Hedwigia 86 (3–4): 275–365. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2008/0086-0275
- Index Fungorum (2025) Index Fungorum. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK. Available from: http://www.indexfungorum.org (accessed 18 May 2026)
- Kocourková, J. & Knudsen, K. (2010) A new species of Dacampia (Dacampiaceae) on Lecania fuscella. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 105: 33–36.
- Kukwa, M. (2002) Contribution to the flora of lichenized Ascomycotina of the Czywczyn Mts (Eastern Carpathians, Ukraine) IV. Lobaria, allied genera and their lichenicolous fungi. Herzogia 15: 51–55. https://doi.org/10.1127/herzogia/15/2002/51
- Kukwa, M., Jabłońska, A., Ossowska, E., Kowalewska, A., Ptach-Styn, Ł., Jaskólska, J., Marszewska, I. & Wszałek-Rożek, K. (2023) Herbarium UGDA-L: lichens collection UGDA-L. Version 1.5. University of Gdańsk, Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Gdańsk.
- Martínez Moreno, M.I. (1999) Taxonomía del género Peltigera Willd. (Ascomycetes liquenizados) en la Península Ibérica y estudio de sus hongos liquenícolas. Ruizia 15: 1–200.
- Massalongo, A.B. (1853) Memorie lichenografiche: con un’appendice alle ricerche sull’autonomia dei licheni crostosi. HF Münster.
- Massalongo, A.B. (1854) Geneacaena lichenum noviter proposita ac descripta. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.120524
- Pino-Bodas, R., Zhurbenko, M.P. & Stenroos, S. (2017) Phylogenetic placement within Lecanoromycetes of lichenicolous fungi associated with Cladonia and some other genera. Persoonia 39: 91–117. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.05
- Schaerer, L.E. (1850) Enumeratio critica lichenum Europaeorum quos et nova methodo digerit. Accedunt tabulae decem, quibus cuncta lichenum Europaeorum genera et subgenera in lapidem delineata et per partes colorata illustrantur. Bern, pp. 1–327. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.51381
- Stein, B. (1872) Flechten der Babiagora. Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins der Provinz Brandenburg 14: 94–97.
- Triebel, D. (1989) Lecideicole Ascomyceten. Eine Revision der obligat lichenicolen Ascomyceten auf lecideoiden Flechten. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 35: 1–278.
- Vouaux, L. (1913) Synopsis des champignons parasites de lichens. Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France 29: 33–128.
- Wijayawardene, N.N., Crous, P.W., Kirk, P.M., Hawksworth, D.L., Boonmee, S., Braun, U., Dai, D.-Q., D’souza, M.J., Diederich, P., Dissanayake, A., Doilom, M., Hongsanan, S., Jones, E.B.G., Groenewald, J.Z., Jayawardena, R., Lawrey, J.D., Liu, J.-K., Lücking, R., Madrid, H., Manamgoda, D.S., Muggia, L., Nelsen, M.P., Phookamsak, R., Suetrong, S., Tanaka, K., Thambugala, K.M., Wanasinghe, D.N., Wikee, S., Zhang, Y., Aptroot, A., Ariyawansa, H.A., Bahkali, A.H., Bhat, D.J., Gueidan, C., Chomnunti, P., De Hoog, G.S., Knudsen, K., Li, W.-J., McKenzie, E.H.C., Miller, A.N., Phillips, A.J.L., Piątek, M., Raja, H.A., Shivas, R.S., Slippers, B., Taylor, J.E., Tian, Q., Wang, Y., Woudenberg, J.H.C., Cai, L., Jaklitsch, W.M.& Hyde, K.D. (2014) Naming and outline of Dothideomycetes–2014 including proposals for the protection or suppression of generic names. Fungal Diversity 69: 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-014-0309-2
- Zhang, Y., Schoch, C.L., Fournier, J., Crous, P.W., de Gruyter, J., Woudenberg, J.H.C., Hirayama, K., Tanaka, K., Pointing, S.B., Spatafora, J.W. & Hyde, K.D. (2009) Multilocus phylogeny of Pleosporales: a taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary re-evaluation. Studies in Mycology 64: 85–102. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2009.64.04
- Zhurbenko, M.P. (2026) Lichenicolous fungi from the Holarctic. Part VI: Four new taxa, a new combination, and new reports. Herzogia 38 (2): 464–482. https://doi.org/10.13158/0018-0971-38.2.i
- Zhurbenko, M.P. & Kobzeva, A.A. (2014) Lichenicolous fungi from Northwest Caucasus, Russia. Herzogia 27 (2): 377–396. https://doi.org/10.13158/heia.27.2.2014.377
- Zhurbenko, M.P. & Pino-Bodas, R. (2017) A revision of lichenicolous fungi growing on Cladonia, mainly from the Northern Hemisphere, with a worldwide key to the known species. Opuscula Philolichenum 16: 188–266. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.386109
- Zhurbenko, M.P. (2012) Lichenicolous fungi growing on Thamnolia, mainly from the Holarctic, with a worldwide key to the known species. The Lichenologist 44 (2): 147–177. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282911000739
- Zopf, W. (1898) Untersuchungen über die durch parasitische Pilze hervorgerufenen Krankheiten der Flechten. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 70 (4): 243–288.
