Abstract
Erodium sibthorpianum subsp. akdagensis (Geraniaceae) is described as a new subspecies from Akdağ in the Karaburun district (İzmir Province), western Anatolia, Türkiye. The new subspecies is clearly distinguished from E. sibthorpianum subsp. sibthorpianum and E. sibthorpianum subsp. vetteri by a unique combination of indumentum characters and sexual system. It is characterized by sepals densely covered with long eglandular hairs (not long glandular hairs), pedicels bearing retrorse and crispate hairs and lacking glandular hairs with only sparse subsessile glands, and mericarps that are almost hairless, bearing only very sparse subsessile glands rather than dense glandular indumentum. In addition, E. sibthorpianum subsp. akdagensis differs markedly in its sexual system, exhibiting a polygamous condition, whereas the other subspecies of the complex are strictly dioecious. Detailed morphological description, diagnostic characters, and original photographs are provided. The new subspecies is compared with other subspecies. Data on habitat, distribution, and conservation status are presented, and a distribution map of all recognized subspecies of E. sibthorpianum is included.
References
- Boissier, E.D. (1843) Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium novarum Ser. 1. Vol. 1. Leipzig, 60 pp.
- Brullo, S., Tomaselli, V. & Wagensommer, R.P. (2015) A new species of Odontites (Orobanchaceae) from southern Italy. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 271–281. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.7
- Carta, A., Moretti, M., Nardi, F.D., Siljak-Yakovlev, S. & Peruzzi, L. (2015) Seed morphology and genome size in two Tuscan Crocus (Iridaceae) endemics: C. etruscus and C. ilvensis. Caryologia 68 (2): 97–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2015.1025338
- Davis, P.H. (1967a) Erodium L’Hérit. In: Davis, P.H. (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 2. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 475–487.
- Davis, P.H. (1967b) Materials for a Flora of Turkey. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburg 28: 36. https://doi.org/10.24823/nrbge.1967.2719
- Davis, P.H., Mill, R.R. & Tan, K. (1988) Erodium L’Hérit. In: Davis, P.H., Mill, R.R. & Tan, K. (Eds.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 10 (Suppl. I). Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 105–106.
- Edinburgh Herbarium (1836) Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Herbarium Catalogue. Available from: https://data.rbge.org.uk/search/herbarium (accessed 17 April 2025)
- Ekim, T. (2012) Erodium L’Hér. In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (Eds.) Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul, pp. 515–517.
- Fiz, O., Vargas, P., Alarcon, M.L. & Aldasoro, J.J. (2006) Phylogenetic Relationships and Evolution in Erodium (Geraniaceae) Based on trnL-trnF Sequences. Systematic Botany 31: 739–763. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364406779695906
- Gemici, Y. & Leblebici, E. (1995) Seven new species for the Flora of Turkey. Candollea 50 (1): 41–50.
- Geneva Herbarium (1817) Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Geneve. Welcome to the Geneva Herbaria Catalogue. Available from: https://collections.geneve.ch/cjbg/ chg/result.php?type_search=simple&lang=en&criteria=erodium&mode=tout (accessed 11 February 2026)
- Google Earth. (2026) Google Earth [Software]. Google. [https://earth.google.com/web/]
- Güner, A. (2000) Erodium L’Hérit. In: Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T. & Başer, K.H.C. (Eds.) Flora of Turkey and East Eagean Islands, Vol 11 (Suppl. II), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 74–75.
- IAPT (2006) International Association for Plant Taxonomy. In: International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Vienna code). Available from: https://www.iapt-taxon.org/icbn/main.htm (accessed 1 April 2025)
- IUCN (2024) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 16. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 22 December 2025)
- Kew Herbarium (1853) Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Data Portal. Integrated access to Kew’s taxonomic information and digitised collections. Available from: https://data.kew.org/ (accessed 11 February 2026)
- L’Héritier, C.L. (1789) Erodium. In: Aiton, W. (Ed.) Hortus Kewensis 2. G. Nicol, London, pp. 414–416.
- Oskay, D. (2017) Reproductive biology of the critically endangered endemic plant Erodium somanum in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany 41: 171–179. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1603-9
- Oskay, D. & Yılmaz, Ö. (2021) Erodium olympicum Gemici & Leblebici (Geraniaceae)’un Taksonomik Durumu. Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi 8: 61–69. https://doi.org/10.35163/bagbahce.880625
- Özüdoğru, B. & Özgişi, K. (2025) Erodium hakangurii (Geraniaceae), a new species from inner Anatolia (Turkey). Phytotaxa 684 (2): 265–274. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.684.2.9
- Perrino, E.V., Silletti, G.N., Erben, M. & Wagensommer, R.P. (2018) Viola cassinensis subsp. lucana (Violaceae), a new subspecies from Lucanian Apennine, southern Italy. Phyton (Horn, Austria) 58 (2): 109–115. https://doi.org/10.12905/0380.phyton58(2)-2018-0109
- Persson, J. (1986) Erodium L’Hérit. In: Strid, A. (Ed.) Mountain flora of Greece. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 549–552.
- Thiers, B. (2026) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih (accessed 27 March 2026)
- Yıldırımlı, Ş. & Doğru-Koca, A. (2004) A new species from Turkey, Erodium aytacii Yıldırımlı & A. Doğru-Koca (Geraniaceae). The Herb Journal of Systematic Botany 11: 1–6.
