Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2026-03-13
Page range: 8-48
Abstract views: 0
PDF downloaded: 0

Talaromyces doitungensis sp. nov. and new records from Doi Tung National Forest in Thailand

School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand; Microbial Products and Innovation Research Group, Mae Fah Luang University
Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, China
School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, P.R. China; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboudumc-CWZ Center of Expertise for Mycology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
1 new species Disturbed nature ecology Phylogeny Preliminary screening Taxonomy Fungi

Abstract

Talaromyces (Eurotiales, Trichocomaceae) is a monophyletic genus with species that impact the environment, human health, and various industries. Talaromyces consists of eight sections, and their ecology, diversity, and number of recognised species are rapidly expanding due to advances in morpho-molecular studies. In this study, we analyse the fungal diversity of soil samples collected from the Doi Tung Forest areas, which are dominated by Pinus kesiya in Chiang Rai, Thailand. Morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), ß-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), and the second largest subunit of the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II (rpb2) sequences were used to confirm the taxonomic placements of the new isolates. Herein, we describe Talaromyces doitungensis as a new species, report T. rubidus for the first time in Thailand (marking its second global record). Further, multi-gene phylogenetic analyses confirmed the distinct placement of these species and determined their relationships, supporting their recognition based on the phylogenetic species concept. In addition, preliminary antibacterial screening revealed that Talaromyces rubidus exhibited activity against Bacillus subtilis. Our findings contribute to the understanding of Talaromyces diversity and ecology by documenting a new species and new geographic records from pine-dominated forest soils in northern Thailand, and further studies are necessary to explore the bioactive compounds produced by Talaromyces species.

References

  1. Alam, S.T., Le, T.A.N., Park, J.S., Kwon, H.C. & Kang, K. (2019) Antimicrobial biophotonic treatment of ampicillin‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with hypericin and ampicillin cotreatment followed by orange light. Pharmaceutics 11: 641. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11120641
  2. Antinori, S., Gianelli, E., Bonaccorso, C., Ridolfo, A.L., Croce, F., Sollima, S. & Parravicini, C. (2006) Disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection in an HIV‐positive Italian patient and a review of cases reported outside endemic regions. Journal of Travel Medicine 13: 181–188. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8305.2006.00039.x
  3. Antonopoulou, I., Iancu, L., Jütten, P., Piechot, A., Rova, U. & Christakopoulos, P. (2018) Screening of novel feruloyl esterases from Talaromyces wortmannii for the development of efficient and sustainable syntheses of feruloyl derivatives. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 120: 124–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.08.007
  4. Bacon, R.L., Lovell, S.A., RodriguesHoffman, A. & Fratzke, A.P. (2022) Talaromyces spp. infections in dogs from the Southern United States. Veterinary Pathology 59: 451–454. https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858221075589
  5. Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M. & Ibnsouda, S.K. (2016) Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 6: 71–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005
  6. Bara, R., Zerfass, I., Aly, A.H., Goldbach-Gecke, H., Raghavan, V., Sass, P., Mandi, A., Wray, V., Polavarapu, P.L., Pretsch, A., Lin, W., Kurtán, T., Debbab, A., Brötz-Oesterhelt, H. & Proksch, P. (2013) Atropisomeric dihydroanthracenones as inhibitors of multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 56: 3257–3272. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm301816a
  7. Barbosa, R.N., Bezerra, J.D., Souza-Motta, C.M., Frisvad, J.C., Samson, R.A., Oliveira, N.T. & Houbraken, J. (2018) New Penicillium and Talaromyces species from honey, pollen and nests of stingless bees. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111 (10): 1883–1912. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-018-1081-1
  8. Becchimanzi, A. & Nicoletti, R. (2022) Aspergillus-bees: a dynamic symbiotic association. Frontiers in Microbiology 13: 968963. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.968963
  9. Benjamin, C.R. (1955) Ascocarps of Aspergillus and Penicillium. Mycologia 47: 669–687. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1955.12024485
  10. Bhunjun, C.S., Chen, Y.J., Phukhamsakda, C., Boekhout, T., Groenewald, J.Z., Mckenzie, E.H.C., Francisco, E.C., Frisvad, J.C., Groenewald, M., Hurdeal, V.G., Luangsa-Ard, J., Perrone, G., Visagie, C.M., Bai, F.Y., Błaszkowski, J., Braun, U., de Souza, F.A., de Queiroz, M.B., Dutta, A.K., Gonkhom, D., Goto, B.T., Guarnaccia, V., Hagen, F., Houbraken, J., Lachance, M.A., Li, J.J., Luo, K.Y., Magurno, F., Mongkolsamrit, S., Robert, V., Roy, N., Tibpromma, S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Wang, D.Q., Wei, D.P., Zhao, C.L., Aiphuk, W., Ajayi-Oyetunde, O., Arantes, T.D., Araujo, J.C., Begerow, D., Bakhshi, M., Barbosa, R.N., Behrens, F.H., Bensch, K., Bezerra, J.D.P., Bilaski, P., Bradley, C.A., Bubner, B., Burgess, T.I., Buyck, B., Adež, N., Cai, L., Calaça, F.J.S., Campbell, L.J., Chaverri, P., Chen, Y.J., Chethana, K.W.T., Coetzee, B., Costa, M.M., Chen, Q., Custódio, F.A., Dai, Y.C., Damm, U., Santiago, A.L.C.M.A., Miccolis De Angelini, R.M., Dijksterhuis, J., Dissanayake, A.J., Doilom, M., Dong, W., Álvarez-Duarte, E., Fischer, M., Gajanayake, A.J., Gené, J., Gomdola, D., Gomes, A.A.M., Hausner, G., He, M.Q., Hou, L., Iturrieta-González, I., Jami, F., Jankowiak, R., Jayawardena, R.S., Kandemir, H., Kiss, L., Kobmoo, N., Kowalski, T., Landi, L., Lin, C.G., Liu, J.K., Liu, X.B., Loizides, M., Luangharn, T., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Makhathini Mkhwanazi, G.J., Manawasinghe, I.S., Marin-Felix, Y., Mctaggart, A.R., Moreau, P.A., Morozova, O.V., Mostert, L., Osiewacz, H.D., Pem, D., Phookamsak, R., Pollastro, S., Pordel, A., Poyntner, C., Phillips, A.J.L., Phonemany, M., Promputtha, I., Rathnayaka, A.R., Rodrigues, A.M., Romanazzi, G., Rothmann, L., Salgado-Salazar, C., Sandoval-Denis, M., Saupe, S.J., Scholler, M., Scott, P., Shivas, R.G., Silar, P., Silva-Filho, A.G.S., Souza-Motta, C.M., Spies, C.F.J., Stchigel, A.M., Sterflinger, K., Summerbell, R.C., Svetasheva, T.Y., Takamatsu, S., Theelen, B., Theodoro, R.C., Thines, M., Thongklang, N., Torres, R., Turchetti, B., Van Den Brule, T., Wang, X.W., Wartchow, F., Welti, S., Wijesinghe, S.N., Wu, F., Xu, R., Yang, Z.L., Yilmaz, N., Yurkov, A., Zhao, L., Zhao, R.L. & Crous, P.W. (2024) What are the 100 most cited fungal genera? Studies in Mycology 108: 1–411. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2024.108.01
  11. Bhunjun, C.S., Niskanen, T., Suwannarach, N., Wannathes, N., Chen, Y.-J., McKenzie, E.H.C., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Buyck, B., Zhao, C.-L., Fan, Y.-G., Zhang, J.-Y., Dissanayake, A.J., Marasinghe, D.S., Jayawardena, R.S., Kumla, J., Padamsee, M., Chen, Y.-Y., Liimatainen, K., Ammirati, J.F., Phukhamsakda, C., Liu, J.-K., Phonrob, W., Randrianjohany, É., Hongsanan, S., Cheewangkoon, R., Bundhun, D., Khuna, S., Yu, W.-J., Deng, L.-S., Lu, Y.-Z., Hyde, K.D. & Lumyong, S. (2022) The numbers of fungi: Are the most speciose genera truly diverse? Fungal Diversity 114: 387–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-022-00501-4
  12. Bladt, T.T., Frisvad, J.C., Knudsen, P.B. & Larsen, T.O. (2013) Anticancer and antifungal compounds from Aspergillus, Penicillium and other filamentous fungi. Molecules 18: 11338–11376. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules180911338
  13. Bouhet, J.C., Van Chuong, P.P., Toma, F., Kirszenbaum, M. & Fromageot, P. (1976) Isolation and characterization of luteoskyrin and rugulosin, two hepatotoxic anthraquinonoids from Penicillium islandicum Sopp and Penicillium rugulosum Thom. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 24: 964–972. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60207a028
  14. Cao, C., Li, R., Wan, Z., Liu, W., Wang, X., Qiao, J., Wang, D., Bulmer, G. & Calderone, R. (2007) The effects of temperature, pH, and salinity on the growth and dimorphism of Penicillium marneffei. Medical Mycology 45: 401–407. https://doi.org/10.1080/13693780701358600
  15. Cao, C., Liang, L., Wang, W., Luo, H., Huang, S., Liu, D., Xu, J., Henk, D.A. & Fisher, M.C. (2011) Common reservoirs for Penicillium marneffei infection in humans and rodents, China. Emerging Infectious Diseases 17: 209–214. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1702.100718
  16. Cao, X., Shi, Y., Wu, X., Wang, K., Huang, S., Sun, H., Dickschat, J.S. & Wu, B. (2019) Talaromyolides A–D and talaromytin: Polycyclic meroterpenoids from the fungus Talaromyces sp. CX11. Organic Letters 21: 6539–6542. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02466
  17. Chaiwan, N., Gomdola, D., Wang, S., Monkai, J., Tibpromma, S., Doilom, M., Wanasinghe, D.N., Mortimer, P.E., Lumyong, S. & Hyde, K.D. (2021) https://gmsmicrofungi.org: An online database providing updated information of microfungi in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Mycosphere 12: 1513–1526. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/19
  18. Chaiwun, B., Vanittanakom, N., Jiviriyawat, Y., Rojanasthien, S. & Thorner, P. (2011) Investigation of dogs as a reservoir of Penicillium marneffei in northern Thailand. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 15: e236–e239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2010.12.001
  19. Chana, J. (1974) Studies on soil fungi in the central part in Thailand. Kasetsart University, Thailand, 138 pp.
  20. Chen, A.J., Sun, B.D., Houbraken, J., Frisvad, J.C., Yilmaz, N., Zhou, Y.G. & Samson, R.A. (2016) New Talaromyces species from indoor environments in China. Studies in Mycology 84 (1): 119–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2016.11.003
  21. Crous, P.W., Carnegie, A.J., Wingfield, M.J., Sharma, R., Mughini, G., Noordeloos, M.E., Santini, A., Shouche, Y.S., Bezerra, J.D., Dima, B. & Guarnaccia, V. (2019a) Fungal Planet description sheets: 868–950. Persoonia: Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 19 (42): 291. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.11
  22. Crous, P.W., Wingfield, M.J., Burgess, T.I., Carnegie, A.J., Hardy, G., Smith, D., Summerell, B.A., Cano-Lira, J.F., Guarro, J., Houbraken, J. & Lombard, L. (2017) Fungal Planet description sheets: 625–715. Persoonia: Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 39: 270. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.11
  23. Crous, P.W., Wingfield, M.J., Lombard, L., Roets, F., Swart, W.J., Alvarado, P., Carnegie, A.J., Moreno, G., Luangsaard, J., Thangavel, R. & Alexandrova, A.V. (2019b) Fungal Planet description sheets: 951–1041. Persoonia: Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 43: 223. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2019.43.06
  24. Darriba, D., Taboada, G.L., Doallo, R. & Posada, D. (2012) jModelTest 2: More models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nature Methods 9: 772. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2109
  25. de Vos, J.P., van Garderen, E., Hensen, H., Tange, I., Curfs-Breuker, I., Vandevelde, B. & Meis, J.F. (2009) Disseminated Penicillium radicum infection in a dog, clinically resembling multicentric malignant lymphoma. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 78: 183–188. https://doi.org/10.21825/vdt.87513
  26. Dethoup, T., Manoch, L., Visarathanonth, N., Chamswarng, C., Chowpongpang, S., To-Anun, S. & Kijjoa, A. (2007) Diversity of Talaromyces from soils and their effects on plant pathogenic fungi in vitro. In: Proceedings of the 45th Kasetsart University Annual Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, 563–570 pp. https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2019.1572262
  27. Doilom, M., Guo, J.W., Phookamsak, R., Mortimer, P.E., Karunarathna, S.C., Dong, W., Liao, C.F., Yan, K., Pem, D., Suwannarach, N. & Promputtha, I. (2020) Screening of phosphate-solubilizing fungi from air and soil in Yunnan, China: four novel species in Aspergillus, Gongronella, Penicillium, and Talaromyces. Frontiers in Microbiology 11: 585215. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.585215
  28. Duo-Chuan, L.I., Chen, S. & Jing, L.U. (2005) Purification and partial characterization of two chitinases from the mycoparasitic fungus Talaromyces flavus. Mycopathologia 159: 223–229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-004-9096-8
  29. Dutta, B.K. (1981) Studies on some fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of tomato plants and the consequent prospect for control of Verticillium wilt. Plant and Soil 63: 209–216. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02374599
  30. El-Naggar, N.E., Haroun, S.A., Oweis, E.A. & Sherief, A.A. (2015) Identification of newly isolated Talaromyces pinophilus and statistical optimization of β-glucosidase production under solid-state fermentation. Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology 45: 712–729. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2014.943375
  31. Frisvad, J.C., Yilmaz, N., Thrane, U., Rasmussen, K.B., Houbraken, J. & Samson, R.A. (2013) Talaromyces atroroseus, a new species efficiently producing industrially relevant red pigments. PloS One 8 (12): e84102. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084102
  32. Gao, H., Wang, Y., Luo, Q., Yang, L., He, X., Wu, J., Kachanuban, K., Wilaipun, P., Zhu, W. & Wang, Y. (2021) Bioactive metabolites from acid-tolerant fungi in a Thai mangrove sediment. Frontiers in Microbiology 11: 609952. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.609952
  33. Glass, N.L. & Donaldson, G.C. (1995) Development of primer sets designed for use with the PCR to amplify conserved genes from filamentous Ascomycetes. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 61: 1323–1330. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.61.4.1323-1330.1995
  34. Guevara-Suarez, M., García, D., Cano-Lira, J.F., Guarro, J. & Gené, J. (2020) Species diversity in Penicillium and Talaromyces from herbivore dung, and the proposal of two new genera of penicillium-like fungi in Aspergillaceae. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 5 (1): 39–76. https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2020.05.03
  35. Guevara‐Suarez, M., Sutton, D.A., Gené, J., García, D., Wiederhold, N., Guarro, J. & Cano‐Lira, J.F. (2017) Four new species of Talaromyces from clinical sources. Mycoses 60 (10): 651–662. https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12640
  36. Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 1: 95–98.
  37. Han, P.J., Sun, J.Q. & Wang, L. (2021) Two new sexual Talaromyces species discovered in estuary soil in China. Journal of Fungi 8 (1): 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8010036
  38. Headley, S.A., Pretto-Giordano, L.G., Lima, S.C., Suhett, W.G., Pereira, A.H.T., Freitas, L.A., Suphoronski, S.A., Oliveira, T.E.S., Alfieri, A.F., Pereira, E.C. & Vilas-Boas, L.A. (2017) Pneumonia due to Talaromyces marneffei in a dog from Southern Brazil with concomitant canine distemper virus infection. Journal of Comparative Pathology 157 (1): 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.06.001
  39. Houbraken, J., Kocsubé, S., Visagie, C.M., Yilmaz, N., Wang, X.–C., Meijer, M., Kraak, B., Hubka, V., Bensch, K., Samson, R.A. & Frisvad, J.C. (2020) Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces, and related genera (Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series, and species. Studies in Mycology 95: 5–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002
  40. Houbraken, J.A. & Samson, R. (2011) Phylogeny of Penicillium and the segregation of Trichocomaceae into three families. Studies in Mycology 70 (1): 1–51. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2011.70.01
  41. Hsieh, H.M., Ju, Y.M. & Hsieh, S.Y. (2010) Penicillium albobiverticillium sp. nov., a new species producing white conidial masses from biverticillate penicillia. Fungal Science 25 (1): 25–31.
  42. Hyde, K.D., Alwasel, S., Aumentado, H.D.R., Boekhout, T., Bera, I., Khyaju, S., Bhunjun, C.S., Chethana, T., Phukhamsakda, C., Doilom, M., Thiyagaraja, V., Mortimer, P.E., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Hongsanan, S., Jayawardena, R.S., Dong, W., Jeewon, R., Al-Otibi, F., Wijesinghe, S.N. & Wanasinghe, D.N. (2024b) Fungal numbers: Global needs for a realistic assessment. Fungal Diversity 128: 191–225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00545-8
  43. Hyde, K.D., Noorabadi, M.T., Thiyagaraja, V., He, M.Q., Johnston, P.R., Wijesinghe, S.N., Armand, A., Biketova, A.Y., Chethana, K.W.T., Erdoğdu, M., Ge, Z.W., Groenewald, J.Z., Hongsanan, S., Kušan, I., Leontyev, D.V., Li, D.W., Lin, C.G., Liu, N.G., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Matočec, N., May, T.W., McKenzie, E.H.C., Mešić, A., Perera, R.H., Phukhamsakda, C., Piątek, M., Samarakoon, M.C., Selcuk, F., Senanayake, I.C., Tanney, J.B., Tian, Q., Vizzini, A., Wanasinghe, D.N., Wannasawang, N., Wijayawardene, N.N., Zhao, R.L., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Abdollahzadeh, J., Abeywickrama, P.D., Abhinav, Absalan, S., Acharya, K., Afshari, N., Afshan, N.S., Afzalinia, S., Ahmadpour, S.A., Akulov, O., Alizadeh, A., Alizadeh, M., Al-Sadi, A.M., Alves, A., Alves, V.C.S., Alves-Silva, G., Antonín, V., Aouali, S., Aptroot, A., Apurillo, C.C.S., Arias, R.M., Asgari, B., Asghari, R., Assis, D.M.A., Assyov, B., Atienza, V., Aumentado, H.D.R., Avasthi, S., Azevedo, E., Bakhshi, M., Bao, D.F., Baral, H.O., Barata, M., Barbosa, K.D., Barbosa, R.N., Barbosa, F.R., Baroncelli, R., Barreto, G.G., Baschien, C., Bennett, R.M., Bera, I., Bezerra, J.D.P., Bhunjun, C.S., Bianchinotti, M.V., Błaszkowski, J., Boekhout, T., Bonito, G.M., Boonmee, S., Boonyuen, N., Bortnikov, F.M., Bregant, C., Bundhun, D., Burgaud, G., Buyck, B., Caeiro, M.F., Cabarroi-Hernández, M., Cai, M. Feng, Cai, L., Calabon, M.S., Calaça, F.J.S., Callalli, M., Câmara, M.P.S., Cano-Lira, J., Cao, B., Carlavilla, J.R., Carvalho, A., Carvalho, T.G., Castañeda-Ruiz, R.F., Catania, M.D.V., Cazabonne, J., Cedeño-Sanchez, M., Chaharmiri-Dokhaharani, S., Chaiwan, N., Chakraborty, N., Cheewankoon, R., Chen, C., Chen, J., Chen, Q., Chen, Y.P., Chinaglia, S., Coelho-Nascimento, C.C., Coleine, C., Costa-Rezende, D.H., Cortés-Pérez, A., Crouch, J.A., Crous, P.W., Cruz, R.H.S.F., Czachura, P., Damm, U., Darmostuk, V., Daroodi, Z., Das, K., Das, K., Davoodian, N., Davydov, E.A., da Silva, G.A., da Silva, I.R., da Silva, R.M.F., da Silva Santos, A.C., Dai, D.Q., Dai, Y.C., de Groot, M.D., De Kesel, A., De Lange, R., de Medeiros, E.V., de Souza, C.F.A., de Souza, F.A., dela Cruz, T.E.E., Decock, C., Delgado, G., Denchev, C.M., Denchev, T.T., Deng, Y.L., Dentinger, B.T.M., Devadatha, B., Dianese, J.C., Dima, B., Doilom, M., Dissanayake, A.J., Dissanayake, D.M.L.S., Dissanayake, L.S., Diniz, A.G., Dolatabadi, S., Dong, J.H., Dong, W., Dong, Z.Y., Drechsler-Santos, E.R., Druzhinina, I.S., Du, T.Y., Dubey, M.K., Dutta, A.K., Elliott, T.F., Elshahed, M.S., Egidi, E., Eisvand, P., Fan, L., Fan, X., Fan, X.L., Fedosova, A.G., Ferro, L.O., Fiuza, P.O., Flakus, A., Fonseca, E.O.W., Fryar, S.C., Gabaldón, T., Gajanayake, A.J., Gannibal, P.B., Gao, F., García-Sánchez, D., García-Sandoval, R., Garrido-Benavent, I., Garzoli, L., Gasca-Pineda, J., Gautam, A.K., Gené, J., Ghobad-Nejhad, M., Ghosh, A., Giachini, A.J., Gibertoni, T.B., Gentekaki, E., Gmoshinskiy, V.I., Góes-Neto, A., Gomdola, D., Gorjón, S.P., Goto, B.T., Granados-Montero, M.M., Griffith, G.W., Groenewald, M., Grossart, H.-P., Gu, Z.R., Gueidan, C., Gunarathne, A., Gunaseelan, S., Guo, S.L., Gusmão, L.F.P., Gutierrez, A.C., Guzmán-Dávalos, L., Haelewaters, D., Haituk, H., Halling, R.E., He, S.C., Heredia, G., Hernández-Restrepo, M., Hosoya, T., Hoog, S.D., Horak, E., Hou, C.L., Houbraken, J., Htet, Z.H., Huang, S.K., Huang, W.J., Hurdeal, V.G., Hustad, V.P., Inácio, C.A., Janik, P., Jayalal, R.G.U., Jayasiri, S.C., Jayawardena, R.S., Jeewon, R., Jerônimo, G.H., Jin, J., Jones, E.B.G., Joshi, Y., Jurjević, Ž., Justo, A., Kakishima, M., Kaliyaperumal, M., Kang, G.P., Kang, J.C., Karimi, O., Karunarathna, S.C., Karpov, S.A., Kezo, K., Khalid, A.N., Khan, M.K., Khuna, S., Khyaju, S., Kirchmair, M., Klawonn, I., Kraisitudomsook, N., Kukwa, M., Kularathnage, N.D., Kumar, S., Lachance, M.A., Lado, C., Latha, K.P.D., Lee, H.B., Leonardi, M., Lestari, A.S., Li, C., Li, H., Li, J., Li, Q., Li, Y., Li, Y.C., Li, Y.X., Liao, C.F., Lima, J.L.R., Lima, J.M.S., Lima, N.B., Lin, L., Linaldeddu, B.T., Linn, M.M., Liu, F., Liu, J.K., Liu, J.W., Liu, S., Liu, S.L., Liu, X.F., Liu, X.Y., Longcore, J.E., Luangharn, T., Luangsa-Ard, J.J., Lu, L., Lu, Y.Z., Lumbsch, H.T., Luo, L., Luo, M., Luo, Z.L., Ma, J., Madagammana, A.D., Madhushan, A., Madrid, H., Magurno, F., Magyar, D., Mahadevakumar, S., Malosso, E., Malysh, J.M., Mamarabadi, M., Manawasinghe, I.S., Manfrino, R.G., Manimohan, P., Mao, N., Mapook, A., Marchese, P., Marasinghe, D.S., Mardones, M., Marin-Felix, Y., Masigol, H., Mehrabi, M., Mehrabi-Koushki, M., Meiras-Ottoni, A.de, Melo, R.F.R., Mendes-Alvarenga, R.L., Mendieta, S., Meng, Q.F., Menkis, A., Menolli, Jr., N., Mikšík, M., Miller, S.L., Moncada, B., Moncalvo, J.M., Monteiro, J.S., Monteiro, M., Mora-Montes, H.M., Moroz, E.L., Moura, J.C., Muhammad, U., Mukhopadhyay, S., Nagy, G.L., Najamul Sehar, A., Najafiniya, M., Nanayakkara, C.M., Naseer, A., Nascimento, E.C.R., Nascimento, S.S., Neuhauser, S., Neves, M.A., Niazi, A.R., Nie, Y., Nilsson, R.H., Nogueira, P.T.S., Novozhilov, Y.K., Noordeloos, M., Norphanphoun, C., Nuñez Otaño, N., O’Donnell, R.P., Oehl, F., Oliveira, J.A., Oliveira, Junior, I., Oliveira, N.V.L., Oliveira, P.H.F., Orihara, T., Oset, M., Pang, K.L., Papp, V., Pathirana, L.S., Peintner, U., Pem, D., Pereira, O.L., Pérez-Moreno, J., Pérez-Ortega, S., Péter, G., Pires-Zottarelli, C.L.A., Phonemany, M., Phongeun, S., Pošta, A., Prazeres, J.F.S.A., Quan, Y., Quandt, C.A., Queiroz, M.B., Radek, R., Rahnama, K., Raj, K.N.A., Rajeshkumar, K.C., Rajwar, S., Ralaiveloarisoa, A.B., Rämä, T., Ramírez-Cruz, V., Rambold, G., Rathnayaka, A.R., Raza, M., Ren, G.C., Rinaldi, A.C., Rivas-Ferreiro, M., Robledo, G.L., Ronikier, A., Rossi, W., Rusevska, K., Ryberg, M., Safi, A., Salimi, F., Salvador-Montoya, C.A., Samant, B., Samaradiwakara, N.P., Sánchez-Castro, I., Sandoval-Denis, M., Santiago, A.L.C.M.A., Santos, A.C.D.S., Santos, L.A. dos, Sarma, V.V., Sarwar, S., Savchenko, A., Savchenko, K., Saxena, R.K., Schoutteten, N., Selbmann, L., Ševčíková, H., Sharma, A., Shen, H.W., Shen, Y.M., Shu, Y.X., Silva, H.F., Silva-Filho, A.G.S., Silva, V.S.H., Simmons, D.R., Singh, R., Sir, E.B., Sohrabi, M., Souza, F.A., Souza-Motta, C.M., Sriindrasutdhi, V., Sruthi, O.P., Stadler, M., Stemler, J., Stephenson, S.L., Stoyneva-Gaertner, M.P., Strassert, J.F.H., Stryjak-Bogacka, M., Su, H., Sun, Y.R., Svantesson, S., Sysouphanthong, P., Takamatsu, S., Tan, T.H., Tanaka, K., Tang, C., Tang, X., Taylor, J.E., Taylor, P.W.J., Tennakoon, D.S., Thakshila, S.A.D., Thambugala, K.M., Thamodini, G.K., Thilanga, D., Thines, M., Tiago, P.V., Tian, X.G., Tian, W.H., Tibpromma, S., Tkalčec, Z., Tokarev, Y.S., Tomšovský, M., Torruella, G., Tsurykau, A., Udayanga, D., Ulukapı, M., Untereiner, W.A., Usman, M., Uzunov, B.A., Vadthanarat, S., Valenzuela, R., Van den Wyngaert, S., Van Vooren, N., Velez, P., Verma, R.K., Vieira, L.C., Vieira, W.A.S., Vinzelj, J.M., Tang, A.M.C., Walker, A., Walker, A.K., Wang, Q.M., Wang, Y., Wang, X.Y., Wang, Z.Y., Wannathes, N., Wartchow, F., Weerakoon, G., Wei, D.P., Wei, X., White, J.F., Wijesundara, D.S.A., Wisitrassameewong, K., Worobiec, G., Wu, H.X., Wu, N., Xiong, Y.R., Xu, B., Xu, J.P., Xu, R., Xu, R.F., Xu, R.J., Yadav, S., Yakovchenko, L.S., Yang, H.D., Yang, X., Yang, Y.H., Yang, Y., Yang, Y.Y., Yoshioka, R., Youssef, N.H., Yu, F.M., Yu, Z.F., Yuan, L.L., Yuan, Q., Zabin, D.A., Zamora, J.C., Zapata, C.V., Zare, R., Zeng, M., Zeng, X.Y., Zhang, J.F., Zhang, J.Y., Zhang, S., Zhang, X.C., Zhao, C.L., Zhao, H., Zhao, Q., Zhao, H., Zhao, H.J., Zhou, H.M., Zhu, X.Y., Zmitrovich, I.V., Zucconi, L. & Zvyagina, E. (2024a) The 2024 outline of fungi and fungus-like taxa. Mycosphere 15 (1): 5146–6239. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/15/1/25
  44. Inglis, G.D. & Kawchuk, L.M. (2002) Comparative degradation of oomycete, ascomycete, and basidiomycete cell walls by mycoparasitic and biocontrol fungi. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 48 (1): 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1139/w01-130
  45. Isbrandt, T., Tolborg, G., Ødum, A., Workman, M. & Larsen, T.O. (2020) Atrorosins: A new subgroup of Monascus pigments from Talaromyces atroroseus. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 104: 615–622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10216-3
  46. Katoh, K., Rozewicki, J. & Yamada, K.D. (2019) MAFFT online service: Multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization. Briefings in Bioinformatics 20 (4): 1160–1166. https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx108
  47. Kosmidis, C. & Denning, D.W. (2017) Opportunistic and systemic fungi. In: Infectious Diseases. Elsevier BV, pp. 1681–1709. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7020-6285-8.00189-1
  48. Kraisittipanit, R., Tancho, A., Aumtong, S., Niumsup, P., Klayraung, S. & Charerntantanakul, W. (2022) Study of fungal metagenomics and potential to produce secondary metabolites from fungi isolated from Perionyx sp. 1 gut. Khon Kaen Agricultural Journal.
  49. Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C. & Tamura, K. (2018) MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution 35: 1547–1549. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy096
  50. Kumari, M., Taritla, S., Sharma, A. & Jayabaskaran, C. (2018) Antiproliferative and antioxidative bioactive compounds in extracts of marine-derived endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus. Frontiers in Microbiology 9: 1777. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01777
  51. Lacey, A.E., Minns, S.A., Chen, R., Vuong, D., Lacey, E., Kalaitzis, J.A., Tan, Y.P., Shivas, R.G., Butler, M.S. & Piggott, A.M. (2024) Talcarpones A and B: Bisnaphthazarin-derived metabolites from the Australian fungus Talaromyces johnpittii sp. nov. MST-FP2594. The Journal of Antibiotics 77 (3): 147–155. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41429-023-00688-x
  52. Li, M., Raza, M., Song, S., Hou, L., Zhang, Z.F., Gao, M., Huang, J.E., Liu, F. & Cai, L. (2023) Application of culturomics in fungal isolation from mangrove sediments. Microbiome 11: 272. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-023-01708-6
  53. Li, M., Raza, M., Song, S., Hou, L., Zhang, Z.F., Gao, M., Huang, J.E., Liu, F. & Cai, L. (2023) Application of culturomics in fungal isolation from mangrove sediments. Microbiome 11 (1): 272. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-023-01708-6
  54. Lian, W., Wang, W., Tan, C.P., Wang, J. & Wang, Y. (2018) Immobilized Talaromyces thermophilus lipase as an efficient catalyst for the production of LML-type structured lipids. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering 42: 321–329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-018-2036-7
  55. Liao, L., Pan, K., Zheng, D., Wang, S., Wu, W. & Cao, C. (2025) Exploring the diversity and pathogenicity of Talaromyces species isolated from clinical in Southern China. Frontiers in Microbiology 16: 1610481. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1610481
  56. Lima, J.M.S., Barbosa, R.N., Bento, D.M., Barbier, E., Bernard, E., Bezerra, J.D.P. & Souza-Motta, C.M. (2024) Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Talaromyces (Eurotiales) in Brazilian caves, with the description of four new species. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 14: 89–107. https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2024.14.06
  57. Liu, C., Wang, X.C., Yu, Z.H., Zhuang, W.Y. & Zeng, Z.Q. (2023) Seven new species of Eurotiales (Ascomycota) isolated from tidal flat sediments in China. Journal of Fungi 9: 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9100960
  58. Liu, Y.J., Whelen, S. & Hall, B.D. (1999) Phylogenetic relationships among ascomycetes: evidence from an RNA polymerase II subunit. Molecular Biology and Evolution 16: 1799–1808. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026092
  59. Luangsa-ard, J.J., Hywel-Jones, N.L. & Samson, R.A. (2004) The order-level polyphyletic nature of Paecilomyces sensu lato as revealed through 18S generated rRNA phylogeny. Mycologia 96: 773–780. https://doi.org/10.2307/3762111
  60. Luo, Y., Lu, X., Bi, W., Liu, F. & Gao, W. (2016) Talaromyces rubrifaciens, a new species discovered from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in China. Mycologia 108: 773–779. https://doi.org/10.3852/15-233
  61. Luo, Y., Lu, X., Bi, W., Liu, F. & Gao, W. (2016) Talaromyces rubrifaciens, a new species discovered from heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems in China. Mycologia 108 (4): 773–779. https://doi.org/10.3852/15-233
  62. Maeda, R.N., Barcelos, C.A., Anna, L.M.S. & Pereira, N. (2013) Cellulase production by Penicillium funiculosum and its application in the hydrolysis of sugar cane bagasse for second generation ethanol production by fed batch operation. Journal of Biotechnology 163: 38–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.10.014
  63. Manoch, L. & Dethoup, T. (2011) A potential use of Talaromyces species as biological agents against plant pathogenic fungi. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 44: 81–91.
  64. Manoch, L., Dethoup, T., Yilmaz, N., Houbraken, J. & Samson, R.A. (2013) Two new Talaromyces species from soil in Thailand. Mycoscience 54 (5): 335–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.myc.2012.12.002
  65. Manoch, L., Jeamjitt, O., Dethoup, T., Kokaew, J. & Poochinya, P. (2004) SEM study on ascospore ornamentation of Aspergillus and Penicillium teleomorphs from soil at termite mounds. Journal of the Microscopy Society of Thailand 18: 98–103.
  66. Mapook, A., Hyde, K.D., McKenzie, E.H.C., Jones, E.G., Bhat, D.J., Jeewon, R., Stadler, M., Samarakoon, M.C., Malaithong, M., Tanunchai, B. & Buscot, F. (2020) Taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungi associated with the invasive weed Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed). Fungal Diversity 101: 1–175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-020-00444-8
  67. Marois, J.J., Fravel, D.R. & Papavizas, G.C. (1984) Ability of Talaromyces flavus to occupy the rhizosphere. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 16: 387–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(84)90038-5
  68. Matos, A.C., Baptista, C.J., Oliveira, P.A., Soares, A.S., Figueira, L., Matos, M. & Coelho, A.C. (2023) First morphological and molecular isolation of Talaromyces marneffei in beech marten (Martes foina) in Portugal. Research in Veterinary Science 162: 104945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104945
  69. Maxwell, J.F. (2007) Vegetation of Doi Tung, Chiang Rai Province, Northern Thailand. Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology 2: 37–139.
  70. Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (2010) Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. In: 2010 Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE). IEEE, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/GCE.2010.5676129
  71. Minh, B.Q., Schmidt, H.A., Chernomor, O., Schrempf, D., Woodhams, M.D., Von Haeseler, A. & Lanfear, R. (2020) IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era. Molecular Biology and Evolution 37: 1530–1534. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa015
  72. Morales-Oyervides, L., Ruiz-Sánchez, J.P., Oliveira, J.C., Sousa-Gallagher, M.J., Méndez-Zavala, A., Giuffrida, D., Dufossé, L. & Montañez, J. (2020) Biotechnological approaches for the production of natural colorants by Talaromyces/Penicillium: a review. Biotechnology Advances 43: 107601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107601
  73. Naraghi, L., Heydari, A., Rezaee, S., Razavi, M. & Jahanifar, H. (2010) Study on antagonistic effects of Talaromyces flavus on Verticillium albo-atrum, the causal agent of potato wilt disease. Crop Protection 29: 658–662.
  74. Narikawa, T., Shinoyama, H. & Fujii, T. (2000) A β-rutinosidase from Penicillium rugulosum IFO 7242 that is a peculiar flavonoid glycosidase. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 64: 1317–1319. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.64.1317
  75. Nguyen, T.T. & Lee, H.B. (2023) A new species and five new records of Talaromyces (Eurotiales, Aspergillaceae) belonging to section Talaromyces in Korea. Mycobiology 51 (5): 320–332. https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2023.2265645
  76. Nicoletti, R. & Vinale, F. (2018) Bioactive compounds from marine-derived Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and Trichoderma species. Marine Drugs 16: 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16110408
  77. Nicoletti, R., Salvatore, M.M. & Andolfi, A. (2018) Secondary metabolites of mangrove-associated strains of Talaromyces. Marine Drugs 16: 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16010012
  78. Nie, Y., Liu, Y., Yang, W., Li, Y., Xu, M., Lei, X. & Zhang, Y. (2019) Bioactive secondary metabolites from the fungus Talaromyces sp. isolated from coral Porites pukoensis. Mycosystema 38 (4): 585–593. https://doi.org/10.13346/j.mycosystema.180227
  79. Nuankaew, S., Chuaseeharonnachai, C., Preedanon, S., Somrithipol, S., Saengkaewsuk, S., Kwantong, P., Phookongchai, S., Srikitikulchai, P., Kobmoo, N., Wang, X.C. & Zhang, Z.F. (2022) Two novel species of Talaromyces discovered in a karst cave in the Satun UNESCO global geopark of Southern Thailand. Journal of Fungi 8 (8): 825. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8080825
  80. Ogawa, H. & Sugiyama, J. (2000) Evolutionary relationships of the cleistothecial genera with Penicillium, Geosmithia, Merimbla, and Sarophorum anamorphs as inferred from 18S rDNA sequence divergence. In: Samson, R.A. & Pitt, J.I. (Eds.) Integration of Modern Taxonomic Methods for Penicillium and Aspergillus Classification. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 149–161.
  81. Okubo, A., Itagaki, T. & Hirose, D. (2024) Talaromyces mellisjaponici sp. nov., a xerophilic species isolated from honey in Japan. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 74 (1): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.006212
  82. Okubo, A., Itagaki, T. & Hirose, D. (2024) Talaromyces mellisjaponici sp. nov., a xerophilic species isolated from honey in Japan. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 74 (1): 006212. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.006212
  83. Peterson, S.W. & Jurjević, Ž. (2013) Talaromyces columbinus sp. nov., and genealogical concordance analysis in Talaromyces clade 2a. PloS One 8 (10): e78084. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078084
  84. Peterson, S.W. & Jurjević, Ž. (2017) New species of Talaromyces isolated from maize, indoor air, and other substrates. Mycologia 109 (4): 537–556. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2017.1369339
  85. Peterson, S.W., Vega, F.E., Posada, F. & Nagai, C. (2005) Penicillium coffeae, a new endophytic species isolated from a coffee plant and its phylogenetic relationship to P. fellutanum, P. thiersii and P. brocae based on parsimony analysis of multilocus DNA sequences. Mycologia 97: 659–666. https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2006.11832796
  86. Pimenta, L.P.S., Gomes, D.C., Cardoso, P.G. & Takahashi, J.A. (2021) Recent findings in azaphilone pigments. Journal of Fungi 7: 541. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7070541
  87. Pitt, J.I. (1979) The Genus Penicillium and its Teleomorphic States Eupenicillium and Talaromyces. Academic Press, London.
  88. Pitt, J.I. (2014) Penicillium, Penicillium and Talaromyces: introduction, Penicillium. In: Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology, 2nd edn. Elsevier, pp. 6–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384730-0.00248-2
  89. Pol, D., Laxman, R.S. & Rao, M. (2012) Purification and biochemical characterization of endoglucanase from Penicillium pinophilum MS 20. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics 49: 189–194.
  90. Pyrri, I., Visagie, C.M., Soccio, P. & Houbraken, J. (2021) Re-evaluation of the taxonomy of Talaromyces minioluteus. Journal of Fungi 7 (11): 993. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7110993
  91. Rajeshkumar, K.C., Yilmaz, N., Marathe, S.D. & Seifert, K.A. (2019) Morphology and multigene phylogeny of Talaromyces amyrossmaniae, a new synnematous species belonging to the section Trachyspermi from India. MycoKeys 45: 41. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.45.32549
  92. Rambaut, A. (2012) FigTree version 1.4.0 [software]. [http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree]
  93. Ren, X.T., Li, S., Ruan, Y. & Wang, L. (2024) Three new species of Talaromyces sect. Talaromyces discovered in China. PeerJ 12: e18253. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18253
  94. Ren, X.T., Li, S., Ruan, Y. & Wang, L. (2024) Three new species of Talaromyces sect. Talaromyces discovered in China. PeerJ 12: e18253. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18253
  95. Robert, V., Vu, D., Ben Hadj Amor, A., van de Wiele, N., Brouwer, C., Jabas, B., Szoke, S., Dridi, A., Triki, M., Ben Daoud, S., Chouchen, O., Vaas, L., de Cock, A., Stalpers, J.A., Stalpers, D., Verkley, G.J.M., Groenewald, M., Borges Dos Santos, F., Stegehuis, G., Li, W., Wu, L., Zhang, R., Ma, J., Zhou, M., Pérez Gorjón, S., Eurwilaichitr, L., Ingsriswang, S., Hansen, K., Schoch, C., Robbertse, B., Irinyi, L., Meyer, W., Cardinali, G., Hawksworth, D.L., Taylor, J.W. & Crous, P.W. (2013) MycoBank gearing up for new horizons. IMA Fungus 4: 371–379. https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2013.04.02.16
  96. Rodríguez-Andrade, E., Stchigel, A.M., Guarro, J. & Cano-Lira, J.F. (2019b) Fungal diversity of deteriorated sparkling wine and cork stoppers in Catalonia, Spain. Microorganisms 8 (1): 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010012
  97. Rodríguez-Andrade, E., Stchigel, A.M., Terrab, A., Guarro, J. & Cano-Lira, J.F. (2019a) Diversity of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in honey. IMA Fungus 10 (1): 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43008-019-0021-7
  98. Romero, S.M., Romero, A.I., Barrera, V.A. & Comerio, R. (2016) Talaromyces systylus, a new synnematous species from Argentinean semi-arid soil. Gebruder Borntraeger; Nova Hedwigia, Zeitschrift Fur Kryptogamenkunde 102: 241–256. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2015/0306
  99. Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Höhna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M.A. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012) MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology 61: 539–542. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
  100. Samson, R.A., Yilmaz, N., Houbraken, J., Span, L., Frisvad, J.C., Seifert, K.A., Hosoya, T., Varga, J. & Andersen, B. (2011) Phylogeny and nomenclature of the genus Talaromyces, and taxa accommodated in Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium. Studies in Mycology 70: 159–184. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2011.70.04
  101. Samson, R.A., Yilmaz, N., Houbraken, J., Span, L., Frisvad, J.C., Seifert, K.A., Hosoya, T., Varga, J. & Andersen, B. (2011) Phylogeny and nomenclature of the genus Talaromyces, and taxa accommodated in Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium. Studies in Mycology 70: 159–184. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2011.70.04
  102. Samson, R.A., Yilmaz, N., Houbraken, J., Spierenburg, H., Seifert, K.A., Peterson, S.W., Varga, J. & Frisvad, J.C. (2011) Phylogeny and nomenclature of the genus Talaromyces and taxa accommodated in Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium. Studies in Mycology 70 (1): 159–183. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2011.70.04
  103. Schoch, C.L., Ciufo, S., Domrachev, M., Hotton, C.L., Kannan, S., Khovanskaya, R., Leipe, D., Mcveigh, R., O’Neill, K., Robbertse, B. & Sharma, S. (2020) NCBI Taxonomy: a comprehensive update on curation, resources and tools. Database (Oxford) baaa062. https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baaa062
  104. Schoch, C.L., Seifert, K.A., Huhndorf, S., Robert, V., Spouge, J.L., Levesque, C.A., Chen, W., Fungal Barcoding Consortium, Fungal Barcoding Consortium Author List, Bolchacova, E. & Voigt, K. (2012) Fungal Barcoding Consortium, Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for fungi. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 109: 6241–6246. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1117018109
  105. Segretain, G. (1959) Description d’une nouvelle espèce de Penicillium: Penicillium marneffei n. sp. Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France 75: 412–416.
  106. Segretain, G. (1959) Description d’une nouvelle espèce de Penicillium: Penicillium marneffei n. sp. Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France 75: 412–416.
  107. Singh, K.N. & Narzary, D. (2023) Diversity and heavy metal tolerance of fungi associated with different coal overburden strata of Tikak Colliery, Assam. Current Microbiology 80 (2): 72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-022-03170-3
  108. Špetík, M., Eichmeier, A., Burgová, J. & Houbraken, J. (2023) Two new species of Trichocomaceae (Eurotiales), accommodated in Rasamsonia and Talaromyces section Bacillispori, from the Czech Republic. Scientific Reports 13: 14903. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42076-6
  109. Špetík, M., Eichmeier, A., Burgová, J. & Houbraken, J. (2023) Two new species of Trichocomaceae (Eurotiales), accommodated in Rasamsonia and Talaromyces section Bacillispori, from the Czech Republic. Scientific Reports 13 (1): 14903. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42002-7
  110. Stark, A.A., Townsend, J.M., Wogan, G.N., Demain, A.L., Manmade, A. & Ghosh, A.C. (1978) Mutagenicity and antibacterial activity of mycotoxins produced by Penicillium islandicum Sopp and Penicillium rugulosum. Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology 2: 313–324.
  111. Stark, A.A., Townsend, J.M., Wogan, G.N., Demain, A.L., Manmade, A. & Ghosh, A.C. (1978) Mutagenicity and antibacterial activity of mycotoxins produced by Penicillium islandicum Sopp and Penicillium rugulosum. Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology 2: 313–324.
  112. Stolk, A.C. & Samson, R.A. (1972) The genus Talaromyces: studies on Talaromyces and related genera II. Studies in Mycology 2: 1–65.
  113. Stolk, A.C. & Samson, R.A. (1972) The genus Talaromyces: studies on Talaromyces and related genera II. Studies in Mycology 2: 1–65.
  114. Su, L. & Niu, Y.C. (2018) Multilocus phylogenetic analysis of Talaromyces species isolated from cucurbit plants in China and description of two new species, T. cucurbitiradicus and T. endophyticus. Mycologia 110 (2): 375–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2018.1432221
  115. Sun, B.D., Chen, A.J., Houbraken, J., Frisvad, J.C., Wu, W.-P., Wei, H.-L., Zhou, Y.-G., Jiang, X.-Z. & Samson, R.A. (2020) New section and species in Talaromyces. MycoKeys 68: 75–113. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.68.52092
  116. Sun, B.D., Chen, A.J., Houbraken, J., Frisvad, J.C., Wu, W.-P., Wei, H.-L., Zhou, Y.-G., Jiang, X.-Z. & Samson, R.A. (2020) New section and species in Talaromyces. MycoKeys 68: 75–113. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.68.52092
  117. Suzuki, S., Hosoe, T., Nozawa, K., Kawai, K.I., Yaguchi, T. & Udagawa, S. (2000) Antifungal substances against pathogenic fungi, talaroconvolutins, from Talaromyces convolutus. Journal of Natural Products 63: 768–772. https://doi.org/10.1021/np990371x
  118. Suzuki, S., Hosoe, T., Nozawa, K., Kawai, K.I., Yaguchi, T. & Udagawa, S. (2000) Antifungal substances against pathogenic fungi, talaroconvolutins, from Talaromyces convolutus. Journal of Natural Products 63: 768–772. https://doi.org/10.1021/np990371x
  119. Tan, Y.P., Gilchrist, G.L.M., Sbaraini, N., Vuong, D., Coulits, C.A. & Coulits, E.C. (2024a) Nomenclatural novelties. Index of Australian Fungi 32: 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10816340
  120. Tan, Y.P., Minns, S.A., Vuong, D., Sbaraini, N. & Lacey, E. (2024b) Nomenclatural novelties. Index of Australian Fungi 34: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11043836
  121. Tan, Y.P., Minns, S.A., Vuong, D., Sbaraini, N. & Lacey, E. (2024b) Nomenclatural novelties. Index of Australian Fungi 34: 1–12.
  122. Tan, Y.P., Sbaraini, N., Chooi, Y.H., Piggott, A.M., Crombie, A. & Lacey, E. (2023) Nomenclatural novelties. Index of Australian Fungi 24: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8278323
  123. Tian, J.Q., Wang, Y.F. & Sun, J.Z. (2021) Talaromyces peaticola (Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales), a new species from the Zoige wetlands, China. Studies in Fungi 6 (1): 391–400. https://doi.org/10.5943/sif/6/1/29
  124. Tomlinson, J.K., Cooley, A.J., Zhang, S. & Johnson, M.E. (2011) Granulomatous lymphadenitis caused by Talaromyces helicus in a Labrador retriever. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 40: 553–557. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165X.2011.00377.x
  125. Tomlinson, J.K., Cooley, A.J., Zhang, S. & Johnson, M.E. (2011) Granulomatous lymphadenitis caused by Talaromyces helicus in a Labrador retriever. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 40: 553–557. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165X.2011.00377.x
  126. Torsvik, V. & Øvreås, L. (2008) Microbial diversity, life strategies, and adaptation to life in extreme soils. In: Dion, P. & Nautiyal, C.S. (Eds.) Microbiology of Extreme Soils. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 15–43.
  127. Torsvik, V. & Øvreås, L. (2008) Microbial diversity, life strategies, and adaptation to life in extreme soils. In: Dion, P. & Nautiyal, C.S. (Eds.) Microbiology of Extreme Soils. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 15–43.
  128. Ueno, Y. & Ishikawa, I. (1969) Production of luteoskyrin, a hepatotoxic pigment, by Penicillium islandicum Sopp. Applied Microbiology 18: 406–409. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.18.3.406-409.1969
  129. Uraguchi, K. (1962) Malignant hepatoma and so-called carcinogens, with special reference to the toxicity of luteoskyrin in a small dose. Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 58: 1–19.
  130. Uraguchi, K., Saito, M., Noguchi, Y., Takahashi, K., Enomoto, M. & Tatsuno, T. (1972) Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity in mice of the purified mycotoxins, luteoskyrin and cyclochlorotine. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology 10: 193–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-6264(72)80197-4
  131. Uraguchi, K., Tatsuno, T., Sakaki, F., Tsukioka, M. & Ito, H. (1961) Isolation of two toxic agents, luteoskyrin and chlorine-containing peptide, from metabolites of Penicillium islandicum Sopp, with properties thereof. Japanese Journal of Experimental Medicine 31: 193–207.
  132. Venkatachalam, M., Magalon, H., Dufossé, L. & Fouillaud, M. (2018) Production of pigments from the tropical marine-derived fungi Talaromyces albobiverticillius: new resources for natural red-colored metabolites. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 70: 35–48.
  133. Venkatachalam, M., Magalon, H., Dufossé, L. & Fouillaud, M. (2018) Production of pigments from the tropical marine-derived fungi Talaromyces albobiverticillius: New resources for natural red-colored metabolites. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 70: 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2018.03.007
  134. Visagie, C.M. & Houbraken, J. (2020) Updating the taxonomy of Aspergillus in South Africa. Studies in Mycology 95 (1): 253–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.003
  135. Visagie, C.M. & Jacobs, K. (2012) Three new additions to the genus Talaromyces isolated from Atlantis sandveld fynbos soils. Persoonia-Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 28 (1): 14–24. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158512X632455
  136. Visagie, C.M., Hirooka, Y., Tanney, J.B., Whitfield, E., Mwange, K., Meijer, M., Amend, A.S., Seifert, K.A. & Samson, R.A. (2014) Aspergillus, Penicillium and Talaromyces isolated from house dust samples collected around the world. Studies in Mycology 78: 63–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.07.002
  137. Visagie, C.M., Houbraken, J. & Yilmaz, N. (2024b) The re-identification of Penicillium and Talaromyces (Eurotiales) catalogued in South African culture collections. Persoonia 53: 29–61. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2024.53.02
  138. Visagie, C.M., Llimona, X., Vila, J., Louis-Seize, G. & Seifert, K.A. (2013) Phylogenetic relationships and the newly discovered sexual state of Talaromyces flavovirens, comb. nov. Mycotaxon 122 (1): 399–411. https://doi.org/10.5248/122.399
  139. Visagie, C.M., Varga, J., Houbraken, J., Meijer, M., Kocsubé, S., Yilmaz, N., Fotedar, R., Seifert, K.A., Frisvad, J.C. & Samson, R.A. (2014) Ochratoxin production and taxonomy of the yellow aspergilli (Aspergillus section Circumdati). Studies in Mycology 78: 1–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.07.001
  140. Visagie, C.M., Yilmaz, N., Frisvad, J.C., Houbraken, J., Seifert, K.A., Samson, R.A. & Jacobs, K. (2015) Five new Talaromyces species with ampulliform-like phialides and globose rough walled conidia resembling T. verruculosus. Mycoscience 56 (5): 486–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.myc.2015.02.005
  141. Visagie, C.M., Yilmaz, N., Kocsubé, S., Frisvad, J.C., Hubka, V., Samson, R.A. & Houbraken, J. (2024a) A review of recently introduced Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and other Eurotiales species. Studies in Mycology 107: 1–66. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2024.107.01
  142. Vu, D., Groenewald, M., De Vries, M., Gehrmann, T., Stielow, B., Eberhardt, U., Al-Hatmi, A., Groenewald, J.Z., Cardinali, G., Houbraken, J. & Boekhout, T. (2019) Large-scale generation and analysis of filamentous fungal DNA barcodes boosts coverage for kingdom fungi and reveals thresholds for fungal species and higher taxon delimitation. Studies in Mycology 92 (1): 135–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2018.05.001
  143. Wang, L., Zhang, X.M. & Zhuang, W.Y. (2007) Penicillium macrosclerotiorum, a new species producing large sclerotia discovered in south China. Mycological Research 111: 1242–1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.06.017
  144. Wang, Q.M., Zhang, Y.H., Wang, B. & Wang, L. (2016) Talaromyces neofusisporus and T. qii, two new species of section Talaromyces isolated from plant leaves in Tibet, China. Scientific Reports 6 (1): 18622. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep18622
  145. Wang, R., Liu, R., Gao, J., Liu, M.D., Huang, L., Wang, G.Z., Wang, D. & Deng, Y. (2022) Research advances in the structures and biological activities of secondary metabolites from Talaromyces. Frontiers in Microbiology 13: 984801. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.984801
  146. Wang, X.C. & Zhuang, W.Y. (2022) New species of Talaromyces (Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales) from Southwestern China. Journal of Fungi 8 (7): 647. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8070647
  147. Wang, X.C., Chen, K., Qin, W.T. & Zhuang, W.Y. (2017) Talaromyces heiheensis and T. mangshanicus, two new species from China. Mycological Progress 16: 73–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-016-1251-3
  148. Wei, S., Xu, X. & Wang, L. (2021) Four new species of Talaromyces section Talaromyces discovered in China. Mycologia 113 (2): 492–508. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2020.1853457
  149. White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenies. In: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (Eds.) PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1
  150. Xu, Y., Feng, X., Jia, J., Chen, X., Jiang, T., Rasool, A., Lv, B., Qu, L. & Li, C. (2018) A novel β-glucuronidase from Talaromyces pinophilus Li-93 precisely hydrolyzes glycyrrhizin into glycyrrhetinic acid 3-O-mono-β-D-glucuronide. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 84: e00755-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00755-18
  151. Yasanthika, W.A.E., Chethana, K.W.T., Al-Otibi, F., Wanasinghe, D.N., Tennakoon, D.S., Samarakoon, M.C., Bhat, D.J., Ren, G.C., de Silva, N.I., Ekanayaka, A.H., Thakshila, S.A.D., Farias, A.R.G. & Hyde, K.D. (2025) Genera of soil Ascomycota and an account of soil-inhabiting species isolated from Thailand. Mycosphere 16: 1530–1860. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/16/1/10
  152. Yasanthika, W.A.E., Wanasinghe, D.N., Mortimer, P.E., Monkai, J. & Farias, A.R.G. (2022) The importance of culture-based techniques in the genomic era for assessing the taxonomy and diversity of soil fungi. Mycosphere 13: 724–751. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/8
  153. Yilmaz, N., Houbraken, J., Hoekstra, E.S., Frisvad, J.C., Visagie, C.M. & Samson, R.A. (2012) Delimitation and characterisation of Talaromyces purpurogenus and related species. Persoonia-Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 29 (1): 39–54. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158512X659500
  154. Yilmaz, N., López-Quintero, C.A., Vasco-Palacios, A.M., Frisvad, J.C., Theelen, B., Boekhout, T., Samson, R.A. & Houbraken, J. (2016b) Four novel Talaromyces species isolated from leaf litter from Colombian Amazon rain forests. Mycological Progress 15: 1041–1056. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-016-1227-3
  155. Yilmaz, N., Visagie, C.M., Frisvad, J.C., Houbraken, J. & Samson, R.A. (2016a) Taxonomic re-evaluation of species in Talaromyces section Islandici using a polyphasic approach. Persoonia 36: 37–56. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X688270
  156. Yilmaz, N., Visagie, C.M., Houbraken, J., Frisvad, J.C. & Samson, R.A. (2014) Polyphasic taxonomy of the genus Talaromyces. Studies in Mycology 78: 175–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.08.001
  157. You, Y.H., Aktaruzzaman, M., Heo, I., Park, J.M., Hong, J.W. & Hong, S.B. (2020) Talaromyces halophytorum sp. nov. isolated from roots of Limonium tetragonum in Korea. Mycobiology 48 (2): 133–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2020.1723389

How to Cite

Thakshila, S.A., Bhunjun, C.S., Saichana, N., Phukhamsakda, C., Manawasinghe, I.S., Madagammana, A.D., Al-Otibi, F., Hyde, K.D. & Hoog, S.D. (2026) Talaromyces doitungensis sp. nov. and new records from Doi Tung National Forest in Thailand. Phytotaxa 747 (1): 8–48. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.747.1.2