Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 725 No. 3: 24 Oct. 2025
Type: Article
Published: 2025-10-24
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.725.3.2
Page range: 231-270
Abstract views: 319
PDF downloaded: 5

An updated checklist of the liverworts and hornworts of southern Africa

School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Nature Conservation, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 1084, South Africa
School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; National Herbarium, South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Private Bag X101, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC), Bryophyte Specialist Group; https://iucn.org/our-union/commissions/group/iucn-ssc-bryophyte-specialist-group
School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
Bryophytes Checklist Hornworts Liverworts Southern Africa

Abstract

This updated checklist of liverworts and hornworts recorded in the Flora of southern Africa (FSA) area is based on herbarium collections, databases, and literature. It comprises 315 species, including 5 subspecies and four varieties, of which 77 are endemic, in 92 genera and 45 families. South Africa has 96% of the liverworts whereas 29%, 11%, 10% and 6% occur in Lesotho, eSwatini, Namibia and Botswana, respectively. The Western Cape Province is the most species-rich region in the entire study area containing 60% of FSA liverwort species. The top three contributors to liverwort species richness in the region are Ricciaceae, with 59 species and 31 endemic species, Lejeuneaceae with 50 species and five endemics, and Fossombroniaceae with 20 species and 16 endemic species. New regional records since the last liverwort checklists of South Africa and southern Africa are provided and literature references are given in the checklist for nomenclatural and taxonomic changes. The quality of the dataset used in this study was affected by taxonomic and sampling biases, namely, Linnaean and Wallacean shortfalls. Among the taxonomic changes incorporated in this checklist are new combinations as well as the validation of previously uncertain records.

References

  1. Ah-Peng, C., Bardat, J., Strasberg, D. & Stieperaere, H. (2008) Additions to the bryoflora of Réunion Island 2: Anthocerotopsida, Marchantiopsida and Jungermanniopsida from the herbarium of the National Botanic Garden of Belgium. Journal of Bryology 30: 185–191. https://doi.org/10.1179/174328208X282201
  2. Ahonen, I., Sass-Gyarmati, A. & Pócs, T. (2005) Molecular, morphological and taxonomic evaluation of the Ptychanthus striatus (Lejeuneaceae, Marchantiophyta) complex. Acta Botanica Hungarica 47: 225–246. https://doi.org/10.1556/ABot.47.2005.3-4.2
  3. Aranda, S.C., Gabriel, R., Borges, P.A.V., de Azevedo, E.B. & Lobo, J.M. (2011) Designing a survey protocol to overcome the Wallacean shortfall: a working guide using bryophyte distribution data on Terceira Island (Azores). The Bryologist 114 (3): 611–624. https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-114.3.611
  4. Arnell, S.W. (1952) Hepaticae collected in South Africa 1951. New and little‐known species. III. Botaniska Notiser 106: 271–289.
  5. Arnell, S. (1963) Hepaticae of South Africa. Swedish Natural Science Research Council, Stockholm.
  6. Bartholomew-Began, S.E. (1991) A morphogenetic re‐evaluation of Haplomitrium Nees (Hepatophyta). Bryophytorum Bibliotheca 41: 1–297.
  7. BGIS: GIS Map Viewer National Vegetation Map. (n.d.) BGIS: GIS Map Viewer National Vegetation Map. Available from: https://www.sanbi.org/link/bgis-biodiversity-gis/ (accessed 4 December 2020)
  8. Biodiversity Advisor. (n.d.) Biodiversity Advisor. Available from: https://biodiversityadvisor.sanbi.org/ (accessed 30 April 2019)
  9. Bornefeld, T., Volk, O.H. & Wolf, R. (1996) Exormotheca bulbigena sp. nov. (Hepaticae, Marchantiales) and its relation to E. holstii in southern Africa. Bothalia 26: 159–164. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v26i2.703
  10. Brinda, J.C. & Atwood, J.J. (Eds.) (2025) The Bryophyte Nomenclator, 16 Sep 2025. Available from: https://www.bryonames.org/ (accessed 6 October 2025)
  11. Briscoe, L., Engel, J.J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M. (2015) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 66. Phytotaxa 202 (1): 58–70. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.202.1.8
  12. Bryonames. (n.d.) Bryonames. Available from: https://www.bryonames.org (accessed 22 April 2019)
  13. Cargill, D.C. (2001) A taxonomic revision of Fossombronia and Sewardiella, suborder Fossombroniineae (Marchantiophyta, Metzgeriidae), within the continent of Africa, southwest Asia and the subcontinent of India. PhD thesis. Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.
  14. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). (2011) Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020, Including Aichi Biodiversity Targets. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/sp/ (accessed 13 September 2022)
  15. Cowling, R.M., Richardson, D.M., Schulze, R.E., Hoffman, M.T., Midgley, J.J. & Hilton-Taylor, C. (1997) Species diversity at the regional scale. In: Cowling, R.M., Richardson, D.M. & Pierce, S.M. (Eds.) Vegetation of southern Africa. Cambridge University Press, pp. 447–473.
  16. Craven, P. (Ed.) (1999) Checklist of Namibian Plant Species. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network, Report No. 7 SABONET, Windhoek, Namibia.
  17. Daru, B.H., Park, D.S., Primack, R.B., Willis, C.G., Barrington, D.S., Whitfeld, T.J.S., Seidler, T.G., Sweeney, P.W., Foster, D.R., Ellison, A.M. & Davis, C.C. (2017) Widespread sampling biases in herbaria revealed from large‐scale digitization. New Phytologist. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345711109_Widespread_sampling_biases_in_herbaria_revealed_from_large-scale_digitization (accessed 15 September 2020) https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14855
  18. De Araujo, M.I. & Ramos, F.N. (2021) Targeting the survey efforts: Gaps and biases in epiphyte sampling at a biodiversity hotspot. Forest Ecology and Management 498: 119544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119544
  19. De Roo, R.T., Hedderson, T.A. & Söderström, L. (2007) Molecular insights into the phylogeny of the leafy liverwort family Lophoziaceae Cavers. Taxon 56: 301–314. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.562005
  20. During, H.J. & Moyo, C. (1999) The diaspore bank of bryophytes in a Zimbabwean savanna. Haussknechtia Beiheft 9: 111–114.
  21. Engel, J.J. & Smith Merrill, G.L. (2004) Austral Hepaticae 35: a taxonomic and phylogenetic study of Telaranea (Lepidoziaceae) with a monograph of the genus in temperate Australasia and commentary on extra-Australasian taxa. Fieldiana n.s. 44: 1–265. https://doi.org/10.3158/0015-0746(2004)44[1:AHATAP]2.0.CO;2
  22. Feldberg, K., Váña, J., Hentschel, J. & Heinrichs, J. (2010) Currently accepted species and new combinations in Jamersonielloideae (Adelanthaceae, Jungermanniales). Cryptogamie, Bryologie 31: 141–146.
  23. Forrest, L.L., Salazar, N., Gudiño, J.A., Korpelainen, H. & Long, D.G. (2011) Molecular and morphological evidence for distinct species in Dumortiera (Dumortieraceae). Bryologist 114 (1): 102–115. https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-114.1.102
  24. Fryday, A.M. (2015) A new checklist of lichenised, lichenicolous and allied fungi reported from South Africa. Bothalia 45 (1): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v45i1.148
  25. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). (n.d.) Occurrence Download. Available from: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 26 June 2016)
  26. Gradstein, S.R. (2013) Afro-American hepatics revisited. Polish Botanical Journal 58: 149–177. https://doi.org/10.2478/pbj-2013-0016
  27. Gradstein, S.R. & Ilkiu-Borges, A. (2015) A taxonomic revision of the genus Odontoschisma (Marchantiophyta: Cephaloziaceae). Nova Hedwigia 100: 15–100. https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2014/0219
  28. Gradstein, S.R., Morales, C., Negritto, M.A. & Duckett, J.G. (2016) New Records of Liverworts and Hornworts from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 37: 463–475. https://doi.org/10.7872/cryb/v37.iss4.2016.463
  29. Grolle, R. (1963) Zwei Gattungen der Lophoziaceae neu für Afrika. Transactions of the British Bryological Society 4 (3): 437–445. https://doi.org/10.1179/006813863804812363
  30. Grolle, R. (1995) The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of the East African Islands. An Annotated Catalogue. Bryophytorum Bibliotheca 48: 1–178.
  31. Hallingbäck, T. & Hodgetts, N.G. (2000) Mosses, liverworts & hornworts. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan for Bryophytes. IUCN/SSC Bryophyte Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228738720_Past_and_present_activities_and_future_strategy_of_bryophyte_conservation (accessed 19 December 2021).
  32. Hentschel, J., Wilson, R., Burghardt, M., Zündorf, H.-J., Schneider, H. & Heinrichs, J. (2006) Reinstatement of Lophocoleaceae (Jungermanniopsida) based on chloroplast gene rbcL data: exploring the importance of female involucres for the systematics of Jungermanniales. Plant Systematics and Evolution 258: 211–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-006-0408-y
  33. Hentschel, J., Paton, J.A., Schneider, H. & Heinrichs, J. (2007a) Acceptance of Liochlaena Nees and Solenostoma Mitt., the systematic position of Eremonotus Pearson and notes on Jungermannia L. s.l. (Jungermanniidae) based on chloroplast DNA sequence data. Plant Systematics and Evolution 268: 147–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-007-0549-7
  34. Hentschel, J., Zhu, R-L., Long, D.G., Davison, P.G., Schneider, H., Gradstein, S.R. & Heinrichs, J. (2007b) A phylogeny of Porella (Porellaceae, Jungermanniopsida) based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45 (2): 693–705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2007.05.005
  35. Hentschel, J., von Konrat, M., Pócs, T., Schäfer-Verwimp, A., Shaw, A.J. & Schneider, H. & Heinrichs, J. (2009) Molecular insights into the phylogeny and subgeneric classification of Frullania Raddi (Frullaniaceae, Porellales). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 52 (1): 142–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.12.021
  36. Hentschel, J., von Konrat, M., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A., Larraín, J., Sukkharak, P., Uribe, J. & Zhang, L. (2015) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 72. Infrageneric classification and new combinations, new names, new synonyms in Frullania. Phytotaxa 220 (2): 127–142. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.220.2.3
  37. Hodgetts, N.G. (2003) Some synonyms of Herbertus dicranus (Taylor ex Gottsche, Lindenb. et Nees) Trevis. Journal of Bryology 25: 138–140. https://doi.org/10.1179/037366803235001823
  38. Hodgetts, N.G. (2008) A morphological revision of the genus Herbertus S.Gray (Herbertaceae, Marchantiophyta) in Africa, including the East African islands. Journal of Bryology 30 (4): 239–263. https://doi.org/10.1179/174328208X300714
  39. Hodgetts, N.G., Matcham, H.W. & Duckett, J.G. (1999) Bryophytes collected in Lesotho, the Natal Drakensberg and the Orange Free State, southern Africa. Journal of Bryology 21: 133–155. https://doi.org/10.1179/jbr.1999.21.2.133
  40. Hodgetts, N., Cálix, M., Englefield, E., Fettes, N., García Criado, M., Patin, L., Nieto, A., Bergamini, A., Bisang, I., Baisheva, E., Campisi, P., Cogoni, A., Hallingbäck, T., Konstantinova, N., Lockhart, N., Sabovljevic, M., Schnyder, N., Schröck, C., Sérgio, C., Sim Sim, M., Vrba, J., Ferreira, C.C., Afonina, O., Blockeel, T., Blom, H., Caspari, S., Gabriel, R., Garcia, C., Garilleti, R., González Mancebo, J., Goldberg, I., Hedenäs, L., Holyoak, D., Hugonnot, V., Huttunen, S., Ignatov, M., Ignatova, E., Infante, M., Juutinen, R., Kiebacher, T., Köckinger, H., Kučera, J., Lönnell, N., Lüth, M., Martins, A., Maslovsky, O., Papp, B., Porley, R., Rothero, G., Söderström, L., Ştefǎnuţ, S., Syrjänen, K., Untereiner, A., Váña, J., Vanderpoorten, A., Vellak, K., Aleffi, M., Bates, J., Bell, N., Brugués, M., Cronberg, N., Denyer, J., Duckett, J., During, H.J., Enroth, J., Fedosov, V., Flatberg, K.-I., Ganeva, A., Gorski, P., Gunnarsson, U., Hassel, K., Hespanhol, H., Hill, M., Hodd, R., Hylander, K., Ingerpuu, N., Laaka-Lindberg, S., Lara, F., Mazimpaka, V., Mežaka, A., Müller, F., Orgaz, J.D., Patiño, J., Pilkington, S., Puche, F., Ros, R.M., Rumsey, F., Segarra-Moragues, J.G., Seneca, A., Stebel, A., Virtanen, R., Weibull, H., Wilbraham, J. & Żarnowiec, J. (2019) A miniature world in decline: European Red List of Mosses, Liverworts and Hornworts. Brussels, Belgium: IUCN, 88 pp. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2019.ERL.2.en
  41. Jones, E.W. (1964) African Hepatics XVII. Gongylanthus in Tropical Africa. Transactions of the British Bryological Society 4: 649–652. https://doi.org/10.1179/006813864804812137
  42. Jones, E.W. (1968) African Hepatics XIX. The Lejeunea flava complex. Transactions of the British Bryological Society 5: 548–562. https://doi.org/10.1179/006813868804146863
  43. Koju, L., Shrestha, N., Raskoti, B.B., Ale, L., Ghimire, N.P. & Shrestha, S. (2023) Spatial patterns, underlying drivers and conservation priorities of orchids in the central Himalaya. Biological Conservation 283: 110121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110121
  44. Long, D.G., Forrest, L.L., Villarreal, J.C. & Candall-Stotler, B. (2016) Taxonomic changes in Marchantiaceae, Corsiniaceae and Clevieaceae (Marchantiidae, Marchantiophyta). Phytotaxa 252: 77–80. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.1.9
  45. Magill, R.E. (1979) The bryophytes of southern Africa: An annotated checklist (Memoirs van die Botaniese Opname van Suid-Afrika). Botanical Research Institute, Department of Agricultural Technical Services, Republic of South Africa.
  46. Magill, R.E. (1980) Musci austro-africani II. Bryophyte collections in southern Africa and southern African type specimens in the National Herbarium, Pretoria. Bothalia 13: 127–133. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v13i1/2.1296
  47. Magill, R.E. (1981) Flora of Southern Africa. Bryophyta. Part 1 Mosses. Fascicle 1: Sphagnaceae—Grimmiaceae. Botanical Research Institute, Department of Agriculture & Fisheries, Pretoria.
  48. Magill, R.E. (1987a) Musci Austro-Africana III. Alpine mosses of Lesotho. Journal of Bryology 14: 527–530. https://doi.org/10.1179/jbr.1987.14.3.527
  49. Magill, R.E. (1987b) Flora of Southern Africa. Bryophyta. Part 1 Mosses, Fascicle 2: Gigaspermaceae—Bartramiaceae. Botanical Research Institute, Department of Agriculture & Fisheries, Pretoria.
  50. Malombe, L. (2009) Studies on African Cheilolejeunea (Lejeuneaceae) I: New species and new combinations. Acta Botanica Hungarica 51: 315–328. https://doi.org/10.1556/ABot.51.2009.3-4.8
  51. Marline, L., Andriamiarisoa, R.L., Bardat, J., Chuah-Petiot, M., Hedderson, T.A.J., Reeb, C., Strasberg, D., Wilding, N. & Ah-Peng, C. (2012) Checklist of the bryophytes of Madagascar. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 33: 199–255. https://doi.org/10.7872/cryb.v33.iss3.2012.199
  52. McComb, B., Zuckerberg, B., Vesely, B. & Jordan, C. (2022) Data Analysis in Monitoring Animal Populations and their Habitats: A Practitioner’s Guide. Oregon State University. Available from: https://bio.libretexts.org/@go/page/71310 (accessed 25 January 2023)
  53. Moudrý, V., Bazzichetto, M., Remelgado, R., Devillers, R., Lenoir, J., Mateo, R.G., Lembrechts, J.J., Sillero, N., Lecours, V., Cord, A.F., Barták, F., Balej, F., Rochini, D., Torresani, M., Arenas-Castro, S., Man, M., Prajzlerová, D., Gdulová, K., Prošek, J., Marchetto, E., Zarzo-Arias, A., Gábor, L., Leroy, F., Martini, M., Malavasi, M., Gatti, R.C., Wild, J. & Šímová, P. (2023) Manuscript. Available from: https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/view/6336/ (accessed 2 June 2024) https://doi.org/10.32942/X2JS5D
  54. Ochyra, R., Van Rooy, J. & Bryan, V.S. (2020) Ephemerum homomallum (Pottiaceae) and Torrentaria aquatica (Brachytheciaceae), two additional American moss species new to Africa. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 89 (3): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.8938
  55. O’Shea, B.J. (2006) Checklist of the mosses of sub-Saharan Africa. 5. Botany Department, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K.
  56. Perold, S.M. (1989a) Spore-wall ornamentation as an aid in identifying the southern African species of Riccia (Hepaticae). Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 67: 109–201.
  57. Perold, S.M. (1989b) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 11. Riccia montana and R. alboporosa, a further two new white-scaled species of the group ‘Squamatae’. Bothalia 19: 9–16. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v19i1.934
  58. Perold, S.M. (1989c) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 12. R. albolimbata and the status of R. albosquamata, white-scaled species originally described by Arnell. Bothalia 19: 17–25. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v19i1.935
  59. Perold, S.M. (1989d) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 13. A new species, R. hantamensis, in the section Pilifer and a new record for R. alatospora. Bothalia 19: 157–160. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v19i2.953
  60. Perold, S.M. (1989e) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 4. R. concava, section Pilifer. Bothalia 19: 161–165. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v19i2.954
  61. Perold, S.M. (1990a) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 16. R. albomarginata and R. simii sp. nov. Bothalia 20: 31–39. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v20i1.891
  62. Perold, S.M. (1990b) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 17. Three new species in the section Pilifer, R. elongata, R. ampullacea and R. trachyglossum. Bothalia 20: 167–174. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v20i2.911
  63. Perold, S.M. (1990c) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 18. New species in the section Pilifer from the NW Cape: R. furfuracea, R. vitrea and R. namaquensis. Bothalia 20: 175–183. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v20i2.912
  64. Perold, S.M. (1990d) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 19. Two new species: R. pulveracea, section Pilifer and R. bicolorata, section Riccia, group ‘Squamatae’. Bothalia 20: 185–190. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v20i2.913
  65. Perold, S.M. (1990e) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 20. R. albovestita and its synonyms, R. duthieae and R. sarcosa. Bothalia 20: 191–196. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v20i2.914
  66. Perold, S.M. (1990f) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 21. R. stricta, R. purpurascens and R. fluitans, subgenus Ricciella. Bothalia 20: 197–206. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v20i2.915
  67. Perold, S.M. (1990g) Taxonomic relevance of the spore-wall ornamentation in the southern African species of Riccia L. (Hepaticae: Ricciaceae). M.Sc. thesis. University of Pretoria.
  68. Perold, S.M. (1991a) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 22. R. rubricollis now validated, typified and described. Bothalia 21: 51–54. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v21i1.858
  69. Perold, S.M. (1991b) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 23. R. bullosa: typification and a full description. Bothalia 21: 129–135. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v21i2.872
  70. Perold, S.M. (1991c) Taxonomic revision of the Ricciaceae Reichenb. (Marchantiales: Hepaticae) in southern Africa. Ph.D. thesis. University of Pretoria.
  71. Perold, S.M. (1992a) Cololejeunea cardiocarpa, an epiphyllous liverwort in southern Africa. Bothalia 22: 177–182. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v22i2.835
  72. Perold, S.M. (1992b) Notes on African plants. Lectotypification of Riccia crystallina. Bothalia 22: 185–187. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v22i2.837
  73. Perold, S.M. (1992c) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 24. R. moenkemeyeri, subgenus Ricciella: new records. Bothalia 22: 19–22. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v22i1.816
  74. Perold, S.M. (1992d) The occurrence in southern Africa of the hepatic, Symphyogyna brasiliensis (Pallaviciniaceae). Bothalia 22: 53–58. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v22i1.825
  75. Perold, S.M. (1993a) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 1. The genus Dumortiera and D. hirsuta; the genus Lunularia and L. cruciata. Bothalia 23: 49–57. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v23i1.783
  76. Perold, S.M. (1993b) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 2. The genus Athalamia and A. spathysii; the genus Oxymitra and O. cristata. Bothalia 23: 207–214. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v23i2.804
  77. Perold, S.M. (1993c) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 3. The family Targioniaceae and its only local representative Targionia hypophylla with notes on T. lorbeeriana and Cyathodium foetidissimum. Bothalia 23: 215–222. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v23i2.805
  78. Perold, S.M. (1993d) The hepatic, Jensenia spinosa (Pallavicinia stephanii), Metzgeriales, in southern Africa. Bothalia 23: 223–229. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v23i2.806
  79. Perold, S.M. (1993e) The hepatics, Symphyogyna podophylla and Pallavicinia lyellii (Pallaviciniaceae) in southern Africa. Bothalia 23: 15–23. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v23i1.781
  80. Perold, S.M. (1994a) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 4. Mannia capensis, section and subgenus Xeromannia, family Aytoniaceae. Bothalia 24: 9–14. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v24i1.744
  81. Perold, S.M. (1994b) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 5. The genus Exormotheca and its local representatives E. pustulosa and E. holstii. Bothalia 24: 15–23. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v24i1.745
  82. Perold, S.M. (1994c) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 6. The genus Asterella (family Aytoniaceae, subfamily Reboulioideae) and its four local representatives. Bothalia 24: 133–147. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v24i1.763
  83. Perold, S.M. (1994d) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 7. The genus Cryptomitrium (family Aytoniaceae, subfamily Reboulioideae) and its only local representative, C. oreades sp. nov. Bothalia 24: 149–152. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v24i2.764
  84. Perold, S.M. (1995a) Lunulariaceae. Fruiting Lunularia cruciata, now also reported from southern Africa. Bothalia 25: 239–242. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v25i2.734
  85. Perold, S.M. (1995b) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 8. The genus Plagiochasma (family Aytoniaceae, subfamily Aytonioideae) and its local taxa. Bothalia 25: 13–29. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v25i1.707
  86. Perold, S.M. (1995c) Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 9. The genus Marchantia and its five local taxa. Bothalia 25: 183–204. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v25i2.727
  87. Perold, S.M. (1997a) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 1. Three new species from Northern Province, Gauteng and Mpumalanga. Bothalia 27: 17–27. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v27i1.649
  88. Perold, S.M. (1997b) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 2. An amendment to three species from Western Cape, described by S.W. Arnell. Bothalia 27: 29–38. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v27i1.650
  89. Perold, S.M. (1997c) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 3. An amendment to F. spinifolia. Bothalia 27: 39–42. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v27i1.651
  90. Perold, S.M. (1997d) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 4. A re-examination of F. crispa, F. leucoxantha and F. tumida. Bothalia 27: 105–116. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v27i2.665
  91. Perold, S.M. (1997e) Liverworts. In: Meyer, N.L., Mössmer, M. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) Taxonomic literature of southern African plants. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, pp. 7.
  92. Perold, S.M. (1997f) The lectotypification of Fossombronia crispa. Bothalia 27: 137–138. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v27i2.671
  93. Perold, S.M. (1998a) Asterella abyssinica newly reported from southern Africa and Malawi (Aytoniaceae— Hepatophyta). Bothalia 28: 53–56. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v28i1.616
  94. Perold, S.M. (1998b) Fossombronia rwandaensis, a new species from tropical Africa. Bothalia 28: 45–49. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v28i1.614
  95. Perold, S.M. (1998c) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 5. A new species from Northern and Western Cape. Bothalia 28: 1–5. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v28i1.606
  96. Perold, S.M. (1998d) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 6. New species from Lesotho, Swaziland and Mpumalanga and new records from Lesotho. Bothalia 28: 159–165. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v28i2.633
  97. Perold, S.M. (1999a) Flora of southern Africa. Hepatophyta. Part I: Marchantiopsida. Fascicle I: Marchantiidae. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, 249 pp.
  98. Perold, S.M. (1999b) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 7. F. capensis var. spiralis, a new variety from Western Cape. Bothalia 29: 1–4. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v29i1.567
  99. Perold, S.M. (1999c) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 8. F. elsieae and F. spinosa, two new Western Cape species with spinose spores. Bothalia 29: 25–32. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v29i1.569
  100. Perold, S.M. (1999d) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 9. A new species from Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal with notes on other species. Bothalia 29: 77–82. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v29i1.573
  101. Perold, S.M. (1999e) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 10. Three new species from Northern and Western Cape. Bothalia 29: 83–92. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v29i1.574
  102. Perold, S.M. (1999f) Studies in the Sphaerocarpales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 1. The genus Monocarpus and its only member, M. sphaerocarpus. Bothalia 29: 225–230. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v29i2.592
  103. Perold, S.M. (1999g) The conspectus of the southern African species of the liverwort genus Fossombronia Raddi (Metzgeriales). Haussknechtia Beiheft 9 (Riclef-Grolle Festschrift): 265–278.
  104. Perold, S.M. (2000a) Studies in the Sphaerocarpales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 2. The genus Sphaerocarpos and its only local species, S. stipitatus. Bothalia 30: 17–24. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v30i1.533
  105. Perold, S.M. (2000b) Studies in the Sphaerocarpales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 3. The genus Riella and its local species. Bothalia 30: 125–142. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v30i2.550
  106. Perold, S.M. (2001a) Studies in the liverwort family Aneuraceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 1. The genus Aneura and its local representative. Bothalia 31: 167–173. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v31i2.515
  107. Perold, S.M. (2001b) Studies in the liverwort family Aneuraceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 2. The genus Riccardia and its type species, R. multifida, with confirmation of its presence in the region. Bothalia 31: 183–187. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v31i2.517
  108. Perold, S.M. (2001c) Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Mezgeriales) from South Africa. 11. F. zuurbergensis, a new species from Eastern Cape and new records for the area. Bothalia 31: 25–29. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v31i1.495
  109. Perold, S.M. (2001d) Studies in the genus Riccia (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 25. A new species in subgenus Ricciella, Section Ricciella. Bothalia 31: 51–54. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v31i2.513
  110. Perold, S.M. (2001e) Studies in the liverwort family Aneuraceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 1. The genus Aneura and its local representative. Bothalia 31: 167–173. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v31i2.515
  111. Perold, S.M. (2002a) Studies in the liverwort family Aneuraceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 3. Riccardia compacta. Bothalia 32: 15–19. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v32i1.457
  112. Perold, S.M. (2002b) Studies in the liverwort family Aneuraceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 4. Riccardia obtusa. Bothalia 32: 181–184. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v32i2.481
  113. Perold, S.M. (2003a) Hepatophyta & Anthocerophyta. In: Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (Eds.) Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 39–64.
  114. Perold, S.M. (2003b) Studies in the liverwort family Aneuraceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 5. Riccardia amazonica. Bothalia 33: 99–104. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v33i1.434
  115. Perold, S.M. (2004a) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 26. A new species in section Pilifer, Riccia radiata, is described. Bothalia 34: 23–26. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v34i1.402
  116. Perold, S.M. (2004b) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 27. Riccia lanceolata and R. radicosa now also locally reported. Bothalia 34: 97–102. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v34i2.418
  117. Perold, S.M. (2005) Riccia mamrensis, a new species from Western Cape, South Africa. Cryptogamie Bryologie 26: 67–72.
  118. Perold, S.M. (2006) Hepatophyta & Anthocerophyta. In: Germishuysen, G., Meyer, N.L., Steenkamp, Y. & Keith, M. (Eds.) A checklist of South African plants. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 41: SABONET, Pretoria, pp. 31–52.
  119. Perold, S.M. & Van Rooy, J. (1993) Hepaticae. In: Arnold, T.H., & De Wet, B.C. (eds.) Plants of southern Africa: Names and distribution. Memoirs of The Botanical Survey of South Africa 62: 5–16.
  120. Perold, S.M. & Volk, O.H. (1988a) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 8. R. campbelliana (subgenus Riccia), newly recorded for the region. Bothalia 18: 37–42. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v18i1.979
  121. Perold, S.M. & Volk, O.H. (1988b) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 9. R. nigrella and the status of R. capensis. Bothalia 18: 43–49. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v18i1.980
  122. Phephu, N. (2012) Cylindrocolea atroviridis. In: Ellis, L.T. et al. (Eds.) New national and regional bryophyte records, 32. Journal of Bryology 34: 235.
  123. Phephu, N. & Van Rooy, J. (2011) Note on the occurrence of Metzgeria saxbyi in southern Africa. Journal of Bryolology 33: 85. https://doi.org/10.1179/1743282010Y.0000000013
  124. Phephu, N. & Van Rooy, J. (2013) Studies in the liverwort family Metzgeriaceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 1. Metzgeria nudifrons Stephani and a key to the species. Polish Botanical Journal 58 (2): 449–455. https://doi.org/10.2478/pbj-2013-0045
  125. Phephu, N. & Van Rooy, J. (2014) Studies in the liverwort family Metzgeriaceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 2. The African species. Telopea 17: 311–318. https://doi.org/10.7751/telopea20147839
  126. Phephu, N. & Van Rooy, J. (2015) Studies in the liverwort family Metzgeriaceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 3. The widespread species of Metzgeria. Telopia 18: 177–184. https://doi.org/10.7751/telopea8533
  127. Pócs, T. (2010) On some less known Lejeunea (Lejeuneaceae, Jungermanniopsida) species in tropical Africa. East African Bryophytes, XXVII. Nova Hedwigia, Beihefte 138: 99–116.
  128. Pócs, T. & Bernecker, A. (2009) Overview of Aphanolejeunea (Jungermanniopsida) after 25 years. Polish Botanical Journal 54: 1–11.
  129. Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. & Manyama, P.A. (2009) Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
  130. Reeb, C. & Bardat, J. (2014) Studies on African Riccardia, Types and Related Material. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 35 (1): 47–75. https://doi.org/10.7872/cryb.v35.iss1.2014.47
  131. Reeb, C. & Gradstein, R. (2020) A taxonomic revision of Aneuraceae (Marchantiophyta) from eastern Africa with an interactive identification key. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 41 (2): 11–34. [http://cryptogamie.com/bryologie/41/2] https://doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a2
  132. Robertson, M.P. & Barker, N.P. (2006) A technique for evaluating species richness maps generated from collections data: research article. South African Journal of Science 102 (1). Available from: https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC96492 (accessed 20 August 2020)
  133. Rodríguez, A., Castro, A., Vargas-Amado, O & Zamora, P. (2018) Richness, Geographic Distribution Patterns, and Areas of Endemism of selected Angiosperm Groups in Mexico: Species richness and endemism patterns in Mexico. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 56 (5): 537–549. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12457
  134. Rubasinghe, S.C.K., Milne, R., Forrest, L.L. & Long, D.G. (2011) Realignment of the genera of Cleveaceae (Marchantiophyta: Marchantiidae). The Bryologist 114: 116–127. https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-114.1.116
  135. Schellenberger Costa, D., Boehnisch, G., Freiberg, M., Govaerts, R., Grenié, M., Hassler, M., Kattge, J., Muellner-Riehl, A.N., Rojas Andrés, B.M., Winter, M., Watson, M., Zizka, A. & Wirth, C. (2022) The big four of plant taxonomy—a comparison of global checklists of vascular plant names. New Phytologist 240 (4): 1687–1702. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18961
  136. Schill, D.B. (2006) Taxonomy and phylogeny of the liverwort genus Mannia (Aytoniaceae, Marchantiophyta). PhD dissertation, University of Edinburgh.
  137. Schuster, R.M. (2000) Austral Hepaticae, Part I. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 118: viii, 1–524.
  138. Schuster, R.M. (2002) Austral Hepaticae, Part II. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 119: viii, 1–606.
  139. Schuster, R.M. & Blomquist, H.L. (1955) A comparative study of Telaranea nematodes. American Journal of Botany 42 (7): 588–593. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1955.tb10393.x
  140. Segarra-Moragues, J.G. & Puche, F. (2014) Advances in the knowledge of South African Riella (Sphaerocarpales) and a new endemic species, Riella trigonospora. South African Journal of Botany 94: 166–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2014.06.013
  141. Sérgio, C., Figueira, R., Draper, D., Menezes, D. & Sousa, A.J. (2006) Modelling bryophyte distribution based on ecological information for extent of occurrence assessment. Biological Conservation 135: 341–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2006.10.018
  142. Shaw, B., Crandall-Stotler, B., Váña, J., Stotler, R.E., von Konrat, M., Engel, J.J., Davis, C.E., Long, D.G., Sova, P. & Shaw, A.J. (2015) Phylogenetic relationships and morphological evolution in a major clade of leafy liverworts (phylum Marchantiophyta, order Jungermanniales): suborder Jungermanniineae. Systematic Botany 40 (1): 27–45. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364415X686314
  143. Sim, T.R. (1926) The Bryophyta of South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 15. https://doi.org/10.1080/00359192609519309
  144. So, M.L. (2004) Metzgeria (Metzgeriaceae, Marchantiophyta) in Africa. New Zealand Journal of Botany 42 (2): 271–292. https://doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.2004.9512904
  145. Söderström, L., de Roo, R.T. & Hedderson, T.A.J. (2010) Taxonomic novelties resulting from recent reclassification of the Lophoziaceae/Scapaniaceae clade. Phytotaxa 3: 47–53. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.3.1.7
  146. Söderström, L., Váña, J., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M. (2013a) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 35. Notes on Lophoziaceae (Marchantiophyta). Phytotaxa 97 (2): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.97.2.2
  147. Söderström, L., Váña, J., Crandall-Stotler, B., Stotler, R.E., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J. (2013b) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 43. New combinations in Lophocoleaceae (Marchantiophyta). Phytotaxa 112: 18–32. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.112.1.4
  148. Söderström, L., Barrie, F.R., Hagborg, A., Crandall-Stotler, B.J., Gradstein, S.R., Stotler, R.E. & von Konrat, M. (2015) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 73. Genera of Lejeuneaceae established in the period 1884–1893: dates of validation and implications. Phytotaxa 220: 143–198. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.220.2.4
  149. Söderström, L., Hagborg, A., von Konrat, M., Bartholomew-Began, S., Bell, D., Briscoe, L., Brown, E., Cargill, D.C., Costa, D.P., Crandall-Stotler, B.J., Cooper, E.D., Dauphin, G., Engel, J.J., Feldberg, K., Glenny, D., Gradstein, S.R., He, X., Heinrichs, J., Hentschel, J., Ilkiu-Borges, A.L., Katagiri, T., Konstantinova, N.A., Larraín, J., Long, D.G., Nebel, M., Pócs, T., Felisa Puche, F., Reiner-Drehwald, E., Renner, M.A.M., Sass-Gyarmati, A., Schäfer-Verwimp, A., Moragues, J.G.S., Stotler, R.E., Sukkharak, P., Thiers, B.M., Uribe, J., Váña, J., Villarreal, J.C., Wigginton, M. & Zhang, L. & Zhu, R.-L. (2016) World checklist of hornworts and liverworts. PhytoKeys 59: 1–828. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.59.6261
  150. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). (n.d.) South African National Plant Checklist Policy. Available from: https://www.sanbi.org/biodiversity/foundations/biosystematics-collections/biosystematics-collections-policies/checklist-policy/ (accessed 19 December 2021)
  151. TROPICOS. (n.d.) TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Available from: http://www.tropicos.org (accessed 3 January 2025)
  152. Váňa, J. (1988) Cephalozia in Africa, with notes on the genus (Notes on African hepatic genera 10). Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 90: 179–198.
  153. Váňa, J. (1999) Notes on the genus Marsupella s. lat. (Gymnomitriaceae, Hepaticae) 1–10. Infrageneric taxa. Bryobrothera 5: 221–229.
  154. Váňa, J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J.J. (2010a) Early Land Plants Today: Taxonomy, systematics and nomenclature of Gymnomitriaceae. Phytotaxa 11: 1–80. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.11.1.1
  155. Váňa, J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J.J. (2010b) Nomenclatural novelties and lectotypifications in Gymnomitriaceae. Novon 20: 225–227. https://doi.org/10.3417/2009082
  156. Váňa, J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J. (2013a) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 33. Notes on Anastrophyllaceae (Marchantiophyta). Phytotaxa 81 (1): 26–32. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.81.1.9
  157. Váňa, J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J. (2013b) Notes on Early Land Plants Today 30. Transfer of some taxa from Anastrophyllum (Anastrophyllaceae, Marchantiophyta). Phytotaxa 81 (1): 15–18. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.81.1.6
  158. Váňa, J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J.J. (2013c) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 20. New synonyms in Gymnocoleopsis (Cephaloziellaceae, Marchantiophyta). Phytotaxa 76: 41–42. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.76.3.8
  159. Váňa, J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J.J. (2013d) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 44. Comments on sexuality in Solenostoma (Solenostomataceae, Marchantiophyta) and on some newly described taxa. Phytotaxa 152: 33–47. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.152.1.3
  160. Váňa, J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J.J. (2013e) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 52. Validation of Tritomaria camerunensis (Lophoziaceae, Marchantiophyta). Phytotaxa 167: 215–216. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.167.2.11
  161. Váňa, J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J. (2013f) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 41. New combinations and new synonyms in Cephaloziaceae (Marchantiophyta). Phytotaxa 112 (1): 7–15. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.112.1.2
  162. Váňa, J., Söderström, L., Hagborg, A. & von Konrat, M.J.J. (2013g) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 40. Notes on Cephaloziellaceae (Marchantiophyta). Phytotaxa 112: 1–6. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.112.1.1
  163. Van Rooy, J. & Phephu, N. (2016) Centres of moss diversity in southern Africa. Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 38 (1): 27–39. https://doi.org/10.11646/bde.38.1.3
  164. Van Rooy, J. & Van Wyk, A.E. (2010) The bryofloristic regions of southern Africa. Journal of Bryology 32: 80–91. https://doi.org/10.1179/037366810X12578498136039
  165. Veltman, A., Potgieter, M.J. & van Wyk, A.E. (2000) Metzgeria nicomariei, a new species of Metzgeriaceae from South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 66: 112–114. https://doi.org/10.1179/037366810X12578498136039
  166. Victor, J.E., Smith, G.F. & van Wyk, A.E. (2015) Strategy for plant taxonomic research in South Africa 2015–2020. SANBI Biodiversity Series 26. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
  167. Volk, O.H. & Perold, S.M. (1984) Studies in the liverwort genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from the south-west Cape. Bothalia 15: 117–124. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v15i1/2.1110
  168. Volk, O.H. & Perold, S.M. (1985) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 1. Two new species of the section Pilifer: R. duthieae and R. alatospora. Bothalia 15: 531–539. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v15i3/4.1837
  169. Volk, O.H. & Perold, S.M. (1986a) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 2. A new species of the section Pilifer: R. sarcosa. Bothalia 16: 23–27. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v16i1.1056
  170. Volk, O.H. & Perold, S.M. (1986b) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 3. R. schelpei, a new species in the new subgenus Chartaceae. Bothalia 16: 29–33. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v16i1.1057
  171. Volk, O.H. & Perold, S.M. (1986c) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 4. Three endemic species, R. natalensis, R. microciliata sp. nov. and R. mammifera sp. nov. Bothalia 16: 169–180. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v16i2.1084
  172. Volk, O.H. & Perold, S.M. (1986d) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 5. R. rosea, a new species. Bothalia 16: 181–185. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v16i2.1085
  173. Volk, O.H. & Perold, S.M. (1986e) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 6. R. hirsuta, a new species, in a new section. Bothalia 16: 187–191. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v16i2.1086
  174. Volk, O.H. & Perold, S.M. (1990) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 15. R. hirsuta and R. tomentosa, sp. nov., two distinct species previously treated as one. Bothalia 20: 23–29. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v20i1.890
  175. Volk, O.H., Perold, S.M. & Bornefeld, T. (1988) Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 10. Two new white-scaled species of the group ‘Squamatae’: R. argenteolimbata and R. albornata. Bothalia 18: 155–163. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v18i2.998
  176. Wigginton, M.J. & Grolle, R. (1996) Catalogue of the Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of sub-Saharan Africa. Bryophytorum Bibliotheca 50.
  177. Wigginton, M.J. (Ed.) (2004) E. W. Jones’s Liverwort and Hornwort Flora of West Africa. Scripta Botanica Belgica 30. National Botanic Garden (Belgium), Meise.
  178. Wigginton, M.J. (2009) Checklist and distribution of the liverworts and hornworts of sub-Saharan Africa, including the East African Islands. Tropical Bryology Research Reports 8: 1–116. Available from: https://www.tropicalbryologyresearch.co.uk/ (accessed 19 March 2017)
  179. Wigginton, M.J. (2018) Checklist and distribution of the liverworts and hornworts of sub-Saharan Africa, including the East African Islands. Tropical Bryology Research Reports 9: 1–138.
  180. Wilding, N., Hedderson, T., Ah-Peng, C. & Malombe, I. (2016) Bryophytes of Kenya’s coastal Forests: A guide to the common species. Indian Ocean Commission, Biodiversity Project, pp. 1–58.
  181. World Flora Online (WFO). (n.d.) World Flora Online. Available from: https://www.worldfloraonline.org/ (accessed 3 February 2025)
  182. Yu, Y., Pócs, T. & Zhu, R-L. (2014) Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 62. A synopsis of Myriocoleopsis (Lejeuneaceae, Marchantiophyta) with special reference to transfer of Cololejeunea minutissima to Myriocoleopsis. Phytotaxa 183: 293–297. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.183.4.11

How to Cite

Phephu, N., Witkowski, E.T., Rooy, J.V. & Sim-Sim, M. (2025) An updated checklist of the liverworts and hornworts of southern Africa. Phytotaxa 725 (3): 231–270. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.725.3.2