Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 697 No. 1: 10 Apr. 2025
Type: Article
Published: 2025-04-10
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.697.1.3
Page range: 47-67
Abstract views: 100
PDF downloaded: 13

Materia Revisionis Arisaemarum: III. taxonomic notes and five new taxa of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from South China

Herbarium, Bazi Collection & Botanical Garden, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, China
Monocots Arisaema sect. Auriculata Aroid Flora of China Linnean Taxonomy Plant Systematics

Abstract

In the course of systematic studies and fieldwork on the genus Arisaema in China between 2017 to 2024, five new species are being proposed and are herein described in detail, accompanied by photographs, diagnosed against allied species, and briefly analyzed the morphological variation patterns between related taxa. These newly proposed species are A. cordigerum,
A. hui, A. mengii, A. pulchellum, and A. sceptrum. Arisaema thunbergii subsp. autumnale, native to Taiwan Island, is elevated to species status, while A. melanostomum has been synonymized to A. brevistipitatum, a previously overlooked name. Additionally, based on Engler’s unranked subgeneric division, Arisaema sect. Auriculata is proposed based on combined evidence. Furthermore, the identities of A. sinii and A. xuanweiense are re-examined, drawing on inspections of original materials. Lastly, the patterns of distribution observed and their biogeographical inferences are discussed for these newly discovered species and their closely related counterparts, emphasizing the rich diversity of Arisaema species in the subtropical South Chinese flora.

References

  1. An, M.-T., Zhang, H.-H., Lin, Q. & Wei, T.-L. (2011) Arisaema wangmoense (Araceae), a new species from China. Novon 21: 1–3. https://doi.org/10.3417/2009125
  2. Arunkumar, P.G., Manudev, K.M. & Nampy, S. (2019) Taxonomic identity of Arisaema pangii (Araceae) inferred from molecular and morphological data with a note on its distribution. Annales Botanici Fennici 56: 19–25. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.056.0104
  3. von Blume, C.L. (1836) Collectanea and monographiam Aroidearum, praecipue ad meliorem generum indicorum cognitionem. Rumphia [volume 1], Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden, the Netherlands], pp. 73–154. [in Latin]
  4. Bruggeman, P. (2016) Arisaema gracilentum, a new species of Arisaema (Araceae) from NE India. Blumea 61: 87–89. https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916X692177
  5. Bruggeman, P. (2018) Arisaema anatinum, a new species of Arisaema (Araceae) from NE India. Blumea 63: 147–149. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.02.11
  6. Buchet, S. (1911) Nouvelles espèces d’Arisaema Mart (2n note). Notulae Systematicae 2: 120–128.
  7. Engler, H.G.A. (1881) Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Araceae. II. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 1: 480–488. [in German]
  8. Engler, H.G.A. (1920) Araceae-Aroideae und Araceae-Pistioideae. In: Engler, H.G.A. (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich Regni vegetabilis [volume IV23F, Heft 73]. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann (Druck von Breitkopf & Härtel in Leipzig), Leipzig, 274 pp.
  9. Gusman, G. (1997) Arisaema lobatum Engl. (Araceae) and its taxonomic position. Aroideana 20: 60–63.
  10. Gusman, G. (1998) Note on the taxonomic position of Arisaema lobatum Engl. Newsletter of the International Aroid Society 20: 14.
  11. Gusman, G. & Gusman, L. (2002) The genus Arisaema: a monograph for botanists and nature lovers. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, Lichtenstein, 438 pp.
  12. Gusman, G. & Gusman, L. (2006) The genus Arisaema: a monograph for botanists and nature lovers [2nd Edition]. Gantner, Ruggell, 474 pp.
  13. Gusman, G. (2006) Arisaema siangense (Araceae), a new species from Arunachal Pradesh, India. Systematics and Geography of Plants 76: 229–233. https://doi.org/stable/20649715
  14. Handel-Mazzetti, H.R.E. (1936) Arisaema hunanense. In: Symbolae Sinicae, Botanische Ergebnisse der Expedition der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien nach Sudwest-China 1914/1918 [volume 7, part 4]. Verlag von Julius Springer, Wien, p. 1365.
  15. Hara, H. (1971) A revision of the eastern Himalayan species of the genus Arisaema (Araceae). In: Hara, H. (Ed.) The Flora of Eastern Himalaya. Vol. 2. University Museum, the University of Tokyo, Japan, pp. 321–355.
  16. Hetterscheid, W.L.A. & Gusman, G. (2003) Three new Arisaema species from Thailand and some taxonomic/nomenclatural notes. Aroideana 26: 33–41.
  17. Hooker, J.D. (1893) Araceae. Flora of British India [volume 6]. L. Reeve & Co., London, UK, pp. 497–508.
  18. Hu, G.-W., Li, H., Liu, Y., Tan, Y. & Long, C.-L. (2012a) A new Arisaema species from Guangxi and first report of A. austroyunnanense from Hainan, China. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 50: 577–578. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2012.00229_5.x
  19. Hu, G.-W., Li, H. & Long, C.-L. (2012b) Arisaema lushuiense sp. nov. (Araceae) from Gaoligong Mountains in Yunnan, China. Nordic Journal of Botany 30: 684–686. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2012.01492.x
  20. Koidzumi, G. (1928) Plantae novae Amami-Ohsimensis nec non insularum adjacentium. Education and Research Society of Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 19 pp.
  21. Krause, K. (1930) Über einige neue oder seltenere Araceen. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem 10: 1045–1048. [in German] https://doi.org/10.2307/3994761
  22. Li, H. (1979a) Arisaema. In: Wu, C.-Y. & Li, H. (Eds.) Araceae, Lemnaceae. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 116–194. [in Chinese]
  23. Li, H. (1979b) Arisaema biauriculatum. In: Wu, C.-Y. (Ed.) Flora Yunnanica vol. 2. Science Press, Beijing, p. 821. [in Chinese and Latin]
  24. Li, H. (1980) Himalayas-Hengduan Mountains: The center of distribution and differentiation of the genus Arisaema—to discuss the problems about the origin and migration of this genus. Acta Botanica Yunnanica 2: 402–416.
  25. Li, H. (1992) New materials of the Araceae from Yunnan. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, Supplement 5: 7–12. [in Chinese and Latin]
  26. Li, H. (2000) New species of Arisaema from China (Araceae: Arisaemateae). Kew Bulletin 55: 417–426. https://doi.org/10.2307/4115655
  27. Li, H., Guo, H.J. & Dao, Z.L. (Eds.) (2000) Flora of Gaoligong Mountains. Science Press, Beijing, 1344 pp.
  28. Li, H., Zhu, G. & Murata, J. (2010) Arisaema. In: Wu, C.-Y. & Raven, P.H. (Eds.) Flora of China, vol. 23. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis, pp. 43–69.
  29. Li, H., Shiao, Y. & Tseng, S.L. (1977) Claves Diagnosticae et Taxa Nova Aracearum sinicarum. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 15: 87–109. [in Chinese and Latin]
  30. Li, R. (2003) A floristic study on the seed plants of the northern Gaoligong Mountains in western Yunnan, China. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences [in Chinese]
  31. Luu, H.T., Nguyen, H.C., Nguyen, T.Q.T. & Nguyen, Q.B. (2022) Arisaema vietnamense (section Nepenthoidea, Araceae): a new species from Vietnam. Academia Journal of Biology 44: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.15625/2615-9023/16646
  32. Ma, Z.-X. (2018) Arisaema longitubum (Araceae), a new species from northwestern Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa 358 (3): 295–299. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.358.3.7
  33. Ma, Z. & Chen, S.S. (2024) Arisaema jiufushanense, a new species of Arisaema section Clavata (Araceae) from Southeast China. Aroideana 46: 287–293.
  34. Ma, Z.-X., Du, W.-Y. & Wang, X.-Y. (2019) A new species and a new combination of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from China. Phytotaxa 395 (4): 265–276. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.395.4.2
  35. Ma, Z. & Huang, Y.J. (2018) A new species of Arisaema sect. Attenuata (Araceae) with an amended key to its species in mainland China. Aroideana 41: 4–14.
  36. Makino, T. (1918) A contribution to the knowledge of the Flora of Japan. The Journal of Japanese Botany 1: 39–42. https://doi.org/10.51033/jjapbot.1_12_139
  37. von Matius, C.F.P. (1831) Über die Art der Befruchtung bei einigen Aroideen und über die Charakteristik mehrerer Gattungen dieser Familie. Flora 14: 449–464.
  38. Mayo, S.J. & Bogner, J. (2013) The first evolutionary classification of Araceae: A. Engler’s Natural System. In: Wilkin, P. & Mayo, S.J. (Eds.) Early Events in Monocot Evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge New York Melbourne Madrid Cape Town Singapore São Paulo Dehli Mexico City, pp. 243–298. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139002950.011
  39. Mayo, S.J., Bogner, J. & Boyce, P. (1997) Arisaema. The genera of Araceae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp. 270–275.
  40. Merrill, E.D. (1934) Unrecorded Plants from Kwangtung Province III. Lingnan Science Journal 13: 15–39.
  41. Murata, J. (1985) Comments on the taxonomic characters and the taxonomy of Japanese Arisaema (Araceae): (1) Arisaema heterocephalum Koidz. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 36: 129–138. [in Japanese] https://doi.org/10.18942/bunruichiri.KJ00001078549
  42. Murata, J. (1986) Comments on taxonomic characters and the taxonomy of the Japanese Arisaema (Araceae). (2) Length of the peduncle and the number of ovules – with special reference to A. undulatifolium and A. kishidae. Acta Phytotaxonomica Geobotanica 37: 27–41.
  43. Murata, J. (1987) Diversity in the stem morphology of Arisaema (Araceae). Plant Species Biology 2: 57–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.1987.tb00032.x
  44. Murata, J. (2011) Arisaema in Japan: The picture book of plant systematics in color. Hokuryukan Publishing Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 265 pp. [in Japanese]
  45. Murata, J., Nagamasu, H. & Ohashi, H. (2013) A nomenclatural review on the infrageneric classifications of Arisaema (Araceae). The Journal of Japanese Botany 88: 36–45. https://doi.org/10.51033/jjapbot.88_1_10412
  46. Murata, J. & Ohashi, H. (1980) Taxonomy notes on Arisaema heterocephalum Koidzumi (Araceae). The Journal of Japanese Botany 55: 161–170.
  47. Murata, J., Ohno, J., Kobayashi, T. & Ohi-Toma, T. (2018) The Genus Arisaema in Japan. Hokuryukan Publishing Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 360 pp. [in Japanese]
  48. Nakai, T. (1929) Conspectus Specierum Arisæmatis Japono-Koreanarum. Botanical Magazine, Tokyo 43: 524–540. https://doi.org/10.15281/jplantres1887.43.524
  49. Nakai, T. (1950) Classes, Ordines, Familiae, Subfamiliae, Tribus, Genera nova quae attinent ad plantas Koreanas (Supplementum). The Journal of Japanese Botany 25: 5–7. https://doi.org/10.51033/jjapbot.25_1-2_3148
  50. Nangkar, A., Das, A.P. & Tag, H. (2017) Arisaema arunachalensis A.Nangkar, A.P. Das & H.Tag, sp. nov. (Araceae) from the Arunachal Region of the Indian Himalaya. Pleione 11: 480–484. https://doi.org/10.26679/Pleione.11.2.2017.480-484
  51. Ohashi, H. & Murata, J. (1980) Taxonomy of the Japanese Arisaema (Araceae). Journal of the Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Section III. Botany 12: 281–336.
  52. Ohi-Toma, T., Wu, S.G., Murata, H. & Murata, J. (2016) An updated genus-wide phylogenetic analysis of Arisaema (Araceae) with reference to sections. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 182: 100–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12459
  53. Omori, T., Wang, J.-C. & Murata, J. (2004) Morphological differentiations between subspecies in Arisaema thunbergii (Araceae) with special reference to sexual dimorphism. The Journal of Japanese Botany 79: 247–254. https://doi.org/10.51033/jjapbot.79_4_9755
  54. Pampanini, R. (1915) Le piante vascolari raccolte dal Rev. P. C. Silvestri nell’Hu-peh durante gli anni 1910–1913. Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano 22: 249–296. [in Italian]
  55. Qin, H.N. & Fang, D. (2003) Checklist of Seed Plants in Napo, Guangxi, China. China Science and Technology Press, Beijing, 174 pp.
  56. Renner, S.S., Zhang, L.-B. & Murata, J. (2004) A chloroplast phylogeny of Arisaema (Araceae) illustrates tertiary floristic links between Asia, North America, and East Africa. American Journal of Botany 91: 881–888. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.91.6.881
  57. Schott, H.W. (1859) Aroideenskizzen. Bonplandia 7: 26–31. [in German]
  58. Thiers, B. (2008+) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium, New York, U.S.A. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 1 October 2024)
  59. Tran, V.T., Hoang, T.P.N., Croat, T.B., Ma, Z., Liu, B., Nguyen, V.D. & Le, C.T. (2022) Reconstruction of the evolutionary biogeography reveals the origin and diversification of Arisaema (Araceae). Acta Botanica Brasilica 36: e2021abb0253. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062021abb0253
  60. Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017 [Regnum vegetabile volume 159]. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
  61. Wang, J.-C. (1996) The systematic study of Taiwanese Arisaema (Araceae). Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica 37: 61–87.
  62. Zhu, Z.Y., Min, B.Q. & Zhu, S.J. (2011) Arisaema chuanxiense (Araceae), a new species from Sichuan, China. Guihaia 31: 572–574. [in Chinese] https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-3142.2011.05.002

How to Cite

Ma, Z. (2025) Materia Revisionis Arisaemarum: III. taxonomic notes and five new taxa of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from South China. Phytotaxa 697 (1): 47–67. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.697.1.3