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Issue: Vol. 655 No. 2: 25 Jun. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-06-25
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.655.2.5
Page range: 173-186
Abstract views: 4
PDF downloaded: 0

Genomic and morphological data reveal a critically endangered new species from the Atlantic Forest, Paepalanthus salimenae (Eriocaulaceae)

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, R. Pacheco Leão 2040, 22460-036, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
Diretoria de Pesquisa, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, R. Pacheco Leão 915, 22460-040, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
Tohoku University, Kawatabi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-onsen, Osaki, Miyagi 989-6711, Japan
Tohoku University, Kawatabi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-onsen, Osaki, Miyagi 989-6711, Japan
Tohoku University, Kawatabi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-onsen, Osaki, Miyagi 989-6711, Japan
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, R. Pacheco Leão 2040, 22460-036, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, R. Pacheco Leão 2040, 22460-036, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil. Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco A1, Cidade Universitária, 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Conservation genetic diversity MIG-seq Paepalanthoideae taxonomy Monocots

Abstract

During our investigation of the genetic and morphological variation within the distribution range of Paepalanthus calvus, we observed that specimens from Juiz de Fora municipality, Minas Gerais (Brazil) were morphologically divergent. Through genome-wide analyses using MIG-seq and detailed morphological comparisons, we were able to establish consistent differences between P. calvus and the Juiz de Fora specimens, which supported the recognition of a new species, Paepalanthus salimenae sp. nov. This new species is primarily distinguished by the narrow leaves; trichomes on the leaves, spathes, and scapes; densely pilose involucral bracts; and the tufted apex of some floral organs. Paepalanthus salimenae exhibits low genetic diversity and strong population structure. A preliminary conservation risk assessment suggests this species as Critically Endangered, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect its habitat and intraspecific diversity. We provide photographs, line drawings and additional commentaries on the distribution, habitat, and morphological affinities of P. salimenae to congeneric taxa.

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