Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2024-05-20
Page range: 159-181
Abstract views: 3
PDF downloaded: 1

Morphological and phylogenetic evidence for recognition of a new species of Kirschsteiniothelia, K. agumbensis and validation of five new combinations in Kirschsteiniotheliaceae

National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology (Fungi) Gr., MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004, Maharashtra, India. Faculty of Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology (Fungi) Gr., MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004, Maharashtra, India. Faculty of Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
Range Forest Office Hebri, Karkala Wildlife Division, Udupi,576 112, Karnataka, India
National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology (Fungi) Gr., MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004, Maharashtra, India
Department of Forest Ecology, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala 680 653, India
hyphomycetes phylogeny taxonomy Kirschsteiniotheliaceae Agumbe Western Ghats Fungi

Abstract

This study introduces a new species of Kirschsteiniothelia from Agumbe in the central Western Ghats of Karnataka, India. This new species differs from the allied species by its reduced to sessile conidiophores and cylindrical, straight to flexuous, coarsely verrucose to granulate to punctate, 18–41 euseptate elongated conidia. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU and SSU sequence data delineated K. agumbensis as a new lineage allied to Kirschsteiniothelia rostrata under the family Kirschsteiniotheliaceae. Furthermore, pairwise homoplasy index of phylogenetically closely related taxa also confirmed it as a new species.

References

  1. Aljanabi, S.M. & Martinez, I. (1997) Universal and rapid salt-extraction of high quality genomic DNA for PCR-based techniques. Nucleic Acids Research 25: 4692–4693. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.22.4692
  2. Bao, D.F., Luo, Z.L., Liu, J.K., Bhat, D.J., Sarunya, N., Li, W.L., Su, H.Y. & Hyde, K.D. (2018) Lignicolous freshwater fungi in China III: Three new species and a new record of Kirschsteiniothelia from northwestern Yunnan Province. Mycosphere 9: 755–768. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/9/4/4
  3. Berkeley, M.J. (1875) Notices of North American fungi. Grevillea 3: 97‒112.
  4. Boonmee, S., Ko, T.W.K., Chukeatirote, E., Hyde, K.D., Chen, H., Cai, L., McKenzie, E.H.C., Jones, E.B.G., Kodsueb, R. & Hassan, B.A. (2012) Two new Kirschsteiniothelia species with Dendryphiopsis anamorphs cluster in Kirschsteiniotheliaceae fam. nov. Mycologia 104: 698–714. https://doi.org/10.3852/11-089
  5. Bucher, V.V.C., Hyde, K.D., Pointing, S.B., Reddy, C.A. (2004) Production of wood decay enzymes, loss of mass, and lignin solubilisation in wood by diverse tropical freshwater fungi. Microbial Ecology 15 (3): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-003-0132-x
  6. Campbell, J., Ferrer, A., Raja, H.A., Sivichai, S. & Shearer, C.A. (2007) Phylogenetic relationships among taxa in the Jahnulales inferred from 18S and 28S nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Botany 85 (9): 873–882. https://doi.org/10.1139/B07-080
  7. Chethana, K.T., Manawasinghe, I.S., Hurdeal, V.G., Bhunjun, C.S., Appadoo, M.A., Gentekaki, E., Raspé, O., Promputtha, I. & Hyde, K.D. (2021) What are fungal species and how to delineate them? Fungal Diversity 109 (1): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-021-00483-9
  8. Crous, P.W., Groenewald, J.Z., Lombard, L. & Wingfield, M.J. (2012) Homortomyces gen. nov., a new dothidealean pycnidial fungus from the Cradle of Humankind. IMA fungus 3: 109–115. https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2012.03.02.02
  9. de Farias, A.R.G., Afshari, N., Silva, V.S.H., Louangphan, J., Karimi, O. & Boonmee, S. (2024) Three novel species and new records of Kirschsteiniothelia (Kirschsteiniotheliales) from northern Thailand. MycoKeys 101: 347. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.101.115286
  10. Doilom, M., Dissanayake, A.J., Wanasinghe, D.N., Boonmee, S., Liu, J.K., Bhat, D.J., Taylor, J.E., Bahkali, A.H., McKenzie, E.H. & Hyde, K.D. (2017) Microfungi on Tectona grandis (teak) in Northern Thailand. Fungal Diversity 82: 107–182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0368-7
  11. Ellis, M.B. (1976) More dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851983653.0000
  12. Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 41: 95–98. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.314.2.6
  13. Hawksworth, D.L. (1985) Kirschsteiniothelia, a new genus for the Microthelia incrustans-group (Dothideales). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 91: 181–202. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1985.tb01144.x
  14. Hawksworth, D.L. & Lücking, R. (2017) Fungal diversity revisited: 2.2 to 3.8 million species. Microbiology spectrum 5 (4): 10–128. https://doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0052-2016
  15. Hernandez-Restrepo, M., Gené, J., Castañeda-Ruiz, R.F., Mena-Portales, J., Crous, P.W. & Guarro, J. (2017) Phylogeny of saprobic microfungi from Southern Europe. Studies in Mycology 86: 53–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2017.05.002
  16. Hughes, S.J. (1953) Conidiophores, conidia, and classification. Canadian journal of Botany 31 (5): 577–659. https://doi.org/10.1139/b53-046
  17. Hughes, S.J. (1958) Revisiones hyphomycetum aliquot cum appendice de nominibus rejiciendis. Canadian Journal of Botany 36 (6): 727–836. https://doi.org/10.1139/b58-067
  18. Huson, D.H. (1998) SplitsTree: Analyzing and visualizing evolutionary data. Bioinformatics 14: 68–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/14.1.68
  19. Huson, D.H. & Bryant, D. (2006) Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies. Molecular Biology Evolution 23: 254–267. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msj030
  20. Hyde, K.D., Chaiwan, N., Norphanphoun, C., Boonmee, S., Camporesi, E., Chethana, K.W.T., Dayarathne, M.C., de Silva, N.I., Dissanayake, A.J., Ekanayaka, A.H., Hongsanan, S., Huang, S.K., Jayasiri, S.C., Jayawardena, R., Jiang, H.B., Karunarathna, A., Lin, C.G., Liu, J.K., Liu, N.G., Lu, Y.Z., Luo, Z.L., Maharachchimbura, S.S.N., Manawasinghe, I.S., Pem, D., Perera, R.H., Phukhamsakda, C., Samarakoon, M.C., Senwanna, C., Shang, Q.J., Tennakoon, D.S., Thambugala, K.M., Tibpromma, S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Xiao, Y.P., Yang, J., Zeng, X.Y., Zhang, J.F., Zhang, S.N., Bulgakov, T.S., Bhat, D.J., Cheewangkoon, R., Goh, T.K., Jones, E.B.G., Kang, J.C., Jeewon, R., Liu, Z.Y., Lumyong, S., Kuo, C.H., McKenzie, E.H.C., Wen, T.C., Yan, J.Y. & Zhao, Q. (2018) Mycosphere notes 169–224. Mycosphere 9 (2) 271–430. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/9/2/8
  21. Hyde, K.D., Jones, E.B.G., Liu, J.K., Ariyawansa, H., Boehm, E., Boonmee, S., Braun, U., Chomnunti, P., Crous, P.W., Dai, D.Q., Diederich, P., Dissanayake, A., Doilom, M., Doveri, F., Hongsanan, S., Jayawardena, R., Lawrey, J.D., Li, Y.M., Liu, Y.X., Lücking, R., Monkai, J., Muggia, L., Nelsen, M.P., Pang, K.L., Phookamsak, R., Senanayake, I.C., Shearer, C.A., Suetrong, S., Tanaka, K., Thambugala, K.M., Wijayawardene, N.N., Wikee, S., Wu, H.X., Zhang, Y., Aguirre-Hudson, B., Alias, S.A., Aptroot, A., Bahkali, A.H., Bezerra, J.L., Bhat, D.J., Camporesi, E., Chukeatirote, E., Gueidan, C., Hawksworth, D.L., Hirayama, K., De Hoog, S., Kang, J.C., Knudsen, K., Li, W.J., Li, X.H., Liu, Z.Y., Mapook, A., McKenzie, E.H.C., Miller, A.N., Mortimer, P.E., Phillips, A.J.L., Raja, H.A., Scheuer, C., Schumm, F., Taylor, J.E., Tian, Q., Tibpromma, S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Wang, Y., Xu, J.C., Yacharoen, S., Yan, J.Y. & Zhang, M. (2013) Families of Dothideomycetes. Fungal Diversity 63: 1–313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-013-0263-4
  22. Hyde, K.D., Norphanphoun, C., Abreu, V.P., Bazzicalupo, A., Thilini Chethana, K.W., Clericuzio, M., Dayarathne, M.C., Dissanayake, A.J., Ekanayaka, A.H., He, M.Q., Hongsanan, S., Huang, S.Ke., Jayasiri, S.C., Jayawardena, R.S., Karunarathna, A., Konta, S., Kušan, I., Lee, H., Li, J., Lin, C.Gen., Liu, N.Guo., Lu, Y.Z., Luo, Z.L., Manawasinghe, I.S., Mapook, A., Perera, R.H., Phookamsak, R., Phukhamsakda, C., Siedlecki, I., Soares, A.M., Tennakoon, D.S., Tian, Q., Tibpromma, S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Xiao, Y.P., Yang, J., Zeng, X.Y., Abdel-Aziz, F.A., Li, W.J., Senanayake, I.C., Shang, Q.J., Daranagama, D.A., de Silva, N.I., Thambugala, K.M., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Bahkali, A.H., Berbee, M.L., Boonmee, S., Bhat, D.J., Bulgakov, T.S., Buyck, B., Camporesi, E., Castañeda Ruiz, R.F., Chomnunti, P., Doilom, M., Dovana, F., Gibertoni, T.B., Jadan, M., Jeewon, R., Jones, E.B.G., Kang, J.C., Karunarathna, S.C., Lim, Y.W., Liu, J.K., Liu, Z.Y., Plautz, H.L., Lumyong, S., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Matočec, N., McKenzie, E.H.C., Mešić, A., Miller, D., Pawłowska, J., Pereira, O.L., Promputtha, I., Romero, A.I., Ryvarden, L., Su, H.Y., Suetrong, S., Tkalčec, Z., Vizzini, A., Wen, T.C., Wisitrassameewong, K., Wrzosek, M., Xu, J.C., Zhao, Q., Zhao, R.L. & Mortimer, P.E. (2017) Fungal diversity notes 603–708: taxonomic and phylogenetic notes on genera and species. Fungal Diversity 87: 1–235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-017-0391-3
  23. Hyde, K.D., Norphanphoun, C., Ma, J., Yang, H.D., Zhang, J.Y., Du, T.Y., Gao, Y., Gomes de Farias, A.R., He, S.C., He, Y.K., Li, C.J.Y., Li, C.J.Y., Liu, X.F., Lu, L., Su, H.L., Tang, X., Tian, X.G., Wang, S.Y., Wei, D.P., Xu, R.F., Xu, R.J., Yang, Q., Yang, Y.Y., Zhang, F., Zhang, Q., Bahkali, A.H., Boonmee, S., Chethana, K.W.T., Jayawardena, R.S., Lu, Y.Z., Karunarathna, S.C., Tibpromma, S., Wang, Y. & Zhao, Q. (2023) Mycosphere notes 387–412–novel species of fungal taxa from around the world. Mycosphere 14 (1): 663–744. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/14/1/8
  24. Jayawardena, R.S., Hyde, K.D., Wang, S., Sun, Ya-Ru, Suwannarach, N., Sysouphanthong, P., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Abdel-Aziz, F.A., Abeywickrama, P.D., Abreu, V.P., Armand, A., Aptroot, A., Bao, Dan-Feng., Begerow, D., Bellanger, Jean-Michel., Bezerra, J.D.P., Bundhun, D., Calabon, M.S., Cao, T., Cantillo, T., Carvalho, J.L.V.R., Chaiwan, N., Chen, Che-Chih., Courtecuisse, R., Cui, Bao-Kai., Damm, U., Denchev, C.M., Denchev, T.T., Deng, C.Y., Devadatha, B., de Silva, N.I., dos Santos, L.A., Dubey, N.K., Dumez, S., Ferdinandez, H.S., Firmino, A.L., Gafforov, Y., Gajanayake, A.J., Gomdola, D., Gunaseelan, S., Shucheng-He, Htet, Z.H., Kaliyaperumal, M., Kemler, M., Kezo, K., Kularathnage, N.D., Leonardi, M., Li, Ji-Peng, Liao, C., Liu, S., Loizides, M., Luangharn, T., Ma, J., Madrid, H., Mahadevakumar, S., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Manamgoda, D.S., Martín, M.P., Mekala, N., Moreau, Pierre-Arthur., Mu, Yan-Hong., Pahoua, P., Pem, D., Pereira, O.L., Phonrob, W., Phukhamsakda, C., Raza, M., Ren, Guang-Cong., Rinaldi, A.C., Rossi, W., Samarakoon, B.C., Samarakoon, M.C., Sarma, V.V., Senanayake, I.C., Singh, A., Souza, M.F., Souza-Motta, C.M., Spielmann, A.A., Su, W., Tang, X., Tian, X.G., Thambugala, K.M., Thongklang, N., Tennakoon, D.S., Wannathes, N., Wei, D.P., Welti, S., Wijesinghe, S.N., Yang, H., Yang, Y., Yuan, Hai-Sheng., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Balasuriya, A., Bhunjun, C.S., Bulgakov, T.S., Cai, L., Camporesi, E., Chomnunti, P., Deepika, Y.S., Doilom, M., Duan, Wei-Jun., Han, Shi-Ling., Huanraluek, N., Jones, E.B.G., Lakshmidevi, N., Li, Y., Lumyong, S., Luo, Zong-Long., Khuna, S., Kumla, J., Manawasinghe, I.S., Mapook, A., Punyaboon, W., Tibpromma, S., Lu, Yong-Zhong., Yan, J.Y. & Wang, Y. (2022) Fungal diversity notes 1512–1610: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa. Fungal Diversity 117: 1–272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-022-00513-0
  25. Jeewon, R. & Hyde, K.D. (2016) Establishing species boundaries and new taxa among fungi: recommendations to resolve taxonomic ambiguities. Mycosphere 7 (11): 1669–1677. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/7/11/4
  26. Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B.Q., Wong, T.K.F., von Haeseler, A. & Jermiin, L.S. (2017) ModelFinder: Fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods 14: 587–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285
  27. Katoh, K., Rozewicki, J. & Yamada, K.D. (2019) MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization. Briefings in Bioinformatics 20: 1160–1166. https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx108
  28. Kodsueb, R., Dhanasekaran, V., Aptroot, A., Lumyong, S., McKenzie, E.H., Hyde, K.D. & Jeewon, R. (2006) The family Pleosporaceae: intergeneric relationships and phylogenetic perspectives based on sequence analyses of partial 28S rDNA. Mycologia 98 (4): 571–583. https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2006.11832660
  29. Kornerup, A. & Wanscher, J.H. (1978) Methuen Handbook of Colour. 3rd edn. London: Methuen.
  30. Kumar, S., Stecher, G. & Tamura, K. (2016) MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular biology and evolution 33 (7): 1870–1874. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw054
  31. Lad, S., Rajeshkumar, K.C., Sruthi, O.P., Ashtekar, N., Ansil, A.P., Verma, R.K. & Wijayawardene, N.N. (2022) Resolving the phylogenetic placement of Gangliostilbe in the family Xenospadicoidaceae (Xenospadicoidales). MycoAsia 2022/01. https://doi.org/10.59265/mycoasia.2022-01
  32. Larsson, A. (2014) Aliview a fast and lightweight alignment viewer and editor for large data sets. Bioinformatics 30 (22): 3267–3278. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu531
  33. Li, G.J., Hyde, K.D., Zhao, R.L., Hongsanan, S., Abdel-Aziz, F.A., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Alvarado, P., Alves-Silva, G., Ammirati, J.F., Ariyawansa, H.A., Baghela, A., Bahkali, A.H., Beug, M., Bhat, D.J., Bojantchev, D., Boonpratuang, T., Bulgakov, T.S., Camporesi, E., Boro, M.C., Ceska, O., Chakraborty, D., Chen, J.J., Chethana, K.W.T., Chomnunti, P., Consiglio, G., Cui, B.K., Dai, D.Q., Dai, Y.C., Daranagama, D.A., Das, K., Dayarathne, M.C., Crop, E.D., Oliveira, R.J.V.D., de Souza, C.A.F., de Souza, J.I., Dentinger, B.T.M., Dissanayake, A.J., Doilom, M., Drechsler-Santos, E.R., Ghobad-Nejhad, M., Gilmore, S.P. & Góes-Neto, A. (2016) Fungal diversity notes 253–366: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa. Fungal diversity 78 (1): 1–237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0366-9
  34. Liu, J., Hu, Y., Luo, X., Castañeda-Ruíz, R.F., Xia, J., Xu, Z., Cui, R., Shi, X., Zhang, L. & Ma, J. (2023) Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal four novel species of Corynespora and Kirschsteiniothelia (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) from China: A checklist for Corynespora reported worldwide. Journal of Fungi 9 (1): 107. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9010107
  35. Louangphan, J., perera, R.H. & de Farias, A.R.G. (2024) A new addition to Kirschsteiniotheliaceae: Kirschsteiniothelia chiangmaiensis sp. nov. from Northern Thailand. Phytotaxa 634 (1): 49–62. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.634.1.4
  36. Lumbsch, H.T. & Lindemuth, R. (2001) Major lineages of Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota) inferred from SSU and LSU rDNA sequences. Mycological Research 105 (8): 901–908. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(08)61945-0
  37. Mehrabi, M., Hemmati, R. & Asgari, B. (2017) Kirschsteiniothelia arasbaranica sp. nov., and an emendation of the Kirschsteiniotheliaceae. Cryptogamie Mycologie 38 (1): 13–25. https://doi.org/10.7872/crym/v38.iss1.2017.13
  38. Minh, B.Q., Schmidt, H.A., Chernomor, O., Schrempf, D., Woodhams, M.D., Von Haeseler, A. & Lanfear, R. (2020) IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era. Molecular biology and evolution 37 (5): 1530–1534. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa015
  39. Morgan-Jones, G., Sinclair, R.C. & Eicker, A. (1983) Notes on Hyphomycetes. XLIV. New and rare Dematiaceous species from the Transvaal. Mycotaxon 17: 301–316.
  40. Morgulis, A., Coulouris, G., Raytselis, Y., Madden, T.L., Agarwala, R. & Schäffer, A.A. (2008) Database indexing for production MegaBLAST searches. Bioinformatics 24 (16): 1757–1764. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btn322
  41. Nelsen, M.P., Lücking, R., Grube, M., Mbatchou, J.S., Muggia, L.U.C.I.A., Plata, E.R. & Lumbsch, H.T. (2009) Unravelling the phylogenetic relationships of lichenised fungi in Dothideomyceta. Studies in Mycology 64: 135–144. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2009.64.07
  42. Nelsen, M.P., Lücking, R., Mbatchou, J.S., Andrew, C.J., Spielmann, A.A. & Lumbsch, H.T. (2011) New insights into relationships of lichen-forming Dothideomycetes. Fungal Diversity 51: 155–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-011-0144-7
  43. Nguyen, L.T., Schmidt, H.A., von Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2015) IQ-TREE: a fast and efective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution 32 (1): 268–274. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300
  44. Nylander, J.A.A. (2004) MrModeltest (version 2.2). [http://www.abc.se/~ nylander/.]
  45. Pang, K.L., Hyde, K.D., Alias, S.A., Suetrong, S., Guo, S.Y., Idid, R. & Jones, E.G. (2013) Dyfrolomycetaceae, a new family in the Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota. Cryptogamie Mycologie 34 (3): 223–232. https://doi.org/10.7872/crym.v34.iss3.2013.223
  46. Pem, D., Jeewon, R., Chethana, K.W.T., Hongsanan, S., Doilom, M., Suwannarach, N. & Hyde, K.D. (2021) Species concepts of Dothideomycetes: classification, phylogenetic inconsistencies and taxonomic standardization. Fungal Diversity 109 (1): 283–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-021-00485-7
  47. Pratibha, J., Raghukumar, S. & Bhat, D.J. (2010) New species of Dendryphiopsis and Stauriella from Goa, India. Mycotaxon 113: 297–303. https://doi.org/10.5248/113.297
  48. Quaedvlieg, W., Binder, M., Groenewald, J.Z., Summerell, B.A., Carnegie, A.J., Burgess, T.I. & Crous, P.W. (2014) Introducing the consolidated species concept to resolve species in the Teratosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 33: 1–40. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158514X681981
  49. Rajeshkumar, K.C. Bhat, D.J., Lad, S.S., Wijayawardene, N.N., Singh, S.K., Pandkar, M.R., Maurya, D.K., Ashtekar, N.D. & Hyde, K.D. (2018) Morphology and phylogeny of Tamhinispora srinivasanii sp. nov. (Tubeufiaceae) from northern Western Ghats, India. Phytotaxa 346 (1): 113–120. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.346.1.7
  50. Rajeshkumar, K.C. Hyde, K.D., Wijayawardene, N.N., Madrid, H., Lad, S.S., Boonmee, S. & Shahnoor, F. (2019) Tubeufia sahyadriensis (Tubeufiaceae), a new dictyosporous anamorph from the Western Ghats, India. Phytotaxa 423 (3): 171–181. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.423.3.5
  51. Rajeshkumar, K.C., Braun, U., Groenewald, J.Z., Lad, S.S., Ashtekar, N., Fatima, S. & Anand, G. (2021) Phylogenetic placement and reassessment of Asperisporium pongamiae as Pedrocrousiella pongamiae gen. et comb. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae). Fungal Systematics and Evolution 7: 165–176. https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.07.08
  52. Rajeshkumar, K.C., Kajale, S., Sutar, S.A. & Singh, S.K. (2012) Ellisembia karadkensis sp. nov. from the Western Ghats, India. Mycotaxon 121: 181–186. https://doi.org/10.5248/121.181
  53. Rajeshkumar, K.C., Sharma, R., Hepat, R.P., Swami, S.V., Singh, P.N. & Singh, S.K. (2011) Morphology and molecular studies on Pseudocercospora kamalii sp. nov. a foliar pathogen on Terminalia from India. Mycotaxon 117: 227–237. https://doi.org/10.5248/117.227
  54. Rajeshkumar, K.C., Varma, R.K., Sruthi, O.P., Gautam, A.K. & Crous, P.W. (2023) Groenewaldia (Lentitheciaceae), a new corticolous fungal genus from India. Mycological Progress 22: 43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-023-01888-3
  55. Rambaut, A. (2010) FigTree v1. 3.1. Institute of Evolutionary Biology. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Available from: http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree
  56. Raymundo, T., Valenzuela, R., Martínez-González, C.R., García-Jiménez, J., Cobos-Villagrán, A., Sánchez-Flores, M., de la Fuente, J., Martínez-Pineda, M., Pérez-Valdespino, A., Ramírez-Martínez, J.C. & Luna-Vega, I. (2023) New Ascomycetes from the Mexican Tropical Montane Cloud Forest. Journal of Fungi 9 (9): 933. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9090933
  57. Rodríguez-Andrade, E., Stchigel, A.M., Guarro, J. & Cano-Lira, J.F. (2019) Fungal diversity of deteriorated sparkling wine and cork stoppers in Catalonia, Spain. Microorganisms 8 (1): 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010012
  58. Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Höhna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M.A. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012) MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic biology 61 (3): 539–542. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
  59. Schoch, C.L., Crous, P.W., Groenewald, J.Z., Boehm, E.W.A., Burgess, T.I., de Gruyter, J., de Hoog, G.S., Dixon, L.J., Grube, M., Gueidan, C., Harada, Y., Hatakeyama, S., Hirayama, K., Hosoya, T., Huhndorf, S.M., Hyde, K.D., Jones, E.B.G., Kohlmeyer, J., Kruys, Å., Li, Y.M., Lücking, R., Lumbsch, H.T., Marvanová, L., Mbatchou, J.S., McVay, A.H., Miller, A.N., Mugambi, G.K., Muggia, L., Nelsen, M.P., Nelson, P., Owensby, C.A., Phillips, A.J.L., Phongpaichit, S., Pointing, S.B., Pujade-Renaud, V., Raja, H.A., Rivas Plata, E., Robbertse, B., Ruibal, C., Sakayaroj, J., Sano, T., Selbmann, L., Shearer, C.A., Shirouzu, T., Slippers, B., Suetrong, S., Tanaka, K., Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B., Wingfield, M.J., Wood, A.R., Woudenberg, J.H.C., Yonezawa, H., Zhang, Y. & Spatafora, J.W. (2009) A class-wide phylogenetic assessment of Dothideomycetes. Studies in mycology 64 (1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2009.64.01
  60. Schoch, C.L., Seifert, K.A., Huhndorf, S., Robert, V., Spouge, J.L., Levesque, C.A. & Chen, W. (2012) The internal transcribed spacer as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi. Fungal Barcoding Consortium. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109: 6241–6246. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1117018109
  61. Senanayake, I.C., Rathnayaka, A.R., Marasinghe, D.S., Calabon, M.S., Gentekaki, E., Lee, H.B., Hurdeal, V.G., Pem, D., Dissanayake, L.S., Wijesinghe, S.N., Bundhun, D., Nguyen, T.T., Goonasekara, I.D., Abeywickrama, P.D., Bhunjun, C.S., Jayawardena, R.S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Jeewon, R., Bhat, D.J. & Xiang, M.M. (2020) Morphological approaches in studying fungi: collection, examination, isolation, sporulation and preservation. Mycosphere 11: 2678–2754. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/20
  62. Senanayake, I.C., Rossi, W., Leonardi, M., Weir, A., McHugh, M., Rajeshkumar, K.C., Verma, R.K., Karunarathna, S.C., Tibpromma, S., N., Ashtekar, S.K., Ashtamoorthy, Raveendran, S., Kour, G., Singh, A., la Peña‑Lastra, S.D., Mateos, A., Kolařík, M., Antonín, V., Ševčíková, H., Esteve‑Raventós, F., Larsson, E., Pancorbo, F., Moreno, G., Altés, A., Turégano, Y., Du, T., Lu, L., Q., Li, J., Kang, S., Kezo, G.K., Kaliyaperumal, M., Fu, J., Samarakoon, M.C., Gaforov, Y., Teshaboeva, S., Kunjan, P.C., Chamaparambath, A., Flakus, A., Etayo, J., Rodriguez‑Flakus, P., Zhurbenko, M.P., de Silva, N.I., , Tennakoon, D.S., Latha, K.P.D., Manimohan, P., Raj, K.N.A., Calabon, M.S., Ahmadpour, A., Heidarian, Z., Alavi, Z., Alavi, F., Ghosta, Y., Azizi, R., Luo, M., Zhao, M., Kularathnage, N.D., Hua, L., Yang, Y., Liao, C., Zhao, H., Lestari, A.S., Jayasiri, S.C., F., Yu, Lei, L., Liu, J., Karimi, O., Tang, S., Sun, Y., Wang, Y., Zeng, M., Htet, Z.H., Linaldeddu, B.T., Alves, A., Phillips, A.J.L., Bregant, C., Montecchio, L., Kesel, A.D., Hustad, V.P., Miller, A.N., Fedosova, A.G., Kučera, V., Raza, M., Hussain, M., Chen, Y., Thiyagaraja, V., Gomdola, D., Rathnayaka, A.R., Dissanayake, A.J., Suwannarach, N., Hongsanan, S., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Dissanayake, L.S., Wijayawardene, N.N., Phookamsak, R., Lumyong, S., Jones, E.B.G., Yapa, N., Wanasinghe, D.N., Xie, N., Doilom, M., Manawasinghe, I.S., Liu, J., Zhao, Q., Xu, B., Hyde, K.D. & Song, J. (2023) Fungal diversity notes 1611–1716: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on fungal genera and species emphasis in south China. Fungal Diversity 122 (1): 161–403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-023-00523-6
  63. Sruthi, O.P., Rajkumar, S., Rajeshkumar, K.C., Verma, R.K., Gautam, A.K., Narula, B., Wijayawardene, N.N., Tibpromma, S. & Karunarathna, S.C. (2023) A phylogenetic reappraisal of Excipulariopsis narsapurensis in Wiesneriomycetaceae, Tubeufiales. Phytotaxa 607 (5): 273–290. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.5.2
  64. Stenroos, S., Laukka, T., Huhtinen, S., Döbbeler, P., Myllys, L., Syrjänen, K. & Hyvönen, J. (2010) Multiple origins of symbioses between ascomycetes and bryophytes suggested by a five‐gene phylogeny. Cladistics 26 (3): 281–300. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00284.x
  65. Su, H.Y., Hyde, K.D., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Ariyawansa, H.A., Luo, Z.L., Promputtha, I., Tian, Q., Lin, C.G., Shang, Q.J., Zhao, Y.C., Chai, H.M., Liu, X.Y., Bahkali, A.H., Bhat, J.D., McKenzie, E.H.C. & Zhou, D.Q. (2016) The families Distoseptisporaceae fam. nov., Kirschsteiniotheliaceae, Sporormiaceae and Torulaceae, with new species from freshwater in Yunnan Province, China. Fungal Diversity 80: 375–409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0362-0
  66. Subramanian, C.V. & Srivastava, V. (1994) Two new hyphomycetes from Kumaon Himalayas. Proceedings of the Indian National Sciences Academy 60: 167–171.
  67. Suetrong, S., Schoch, C.L., Spatafora, J.W., Kohlmeyer, J., Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B., Sakayaroj, J., Phongpaichit, S., Tanaka, K., Hirayama, K. & Jones, E.B.G. (2009) Molecular systematics of the marine Dothideomycetes. Studies in mycology 64 (1): 155–173. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2009.64.09
  68. Sun, Y.R., Jayawardena, R.S., Hyde, K.D. & Wang, Y. (2021) Kirschsteiniothelia thailandica sp. nov.(Kirschsteiniotheliaceae) from Thailand. Phytotaxa 490 (2): 172–182. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.490.2.3
  69. Thambugala, K.M., Daranagama, D.A., Phillips, A.J., Bulgakov, T.S., Bhat, D.J., Camporesi, E., Bahkali, A.H., Eungwanichayapant, P.D., Liu, Z.Y. & Hyde, K.D. (2017a) Microfungi on Tamarix. Fungal Diversity 82: 239–306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0371-z
  70. Thambugala, K.M., Wanasinghe, D.N., Phillips, A.J.L., Camporesi, E., Bulgakov, T.S., Phukhamsakda, C., Ariyawansa, H.A., Goonasekara, I.D., Phookamsak, R., Dissanayake, A. & Tennakoon, D.S. (2017b) Mycosphere notes 1–50: grass (Poaceae) inhabiting Dothideomycetes. Mycosphere 8 (4): 697–796. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/8/4/13
  71. Tsui, C.K., Sivichai, S. & Berbee, M.L. (2006) Molecular systematics of Helicoma, Helicomyces and Helicosporium and their teleomorphs inferred from rDNA sequences. Mycologia 98 (1): 94–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2006.11832715
  72. Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K. & May, T.W. (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Koeltz botanical books. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
  73. Vaidya, G., Lohman, D.J. & Meier, R. (2011) SequenceMatrix: concatenation software for the fast assembly of multi‐gene datasets with character set and codon information. Cladistics 27 (2): 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2010.00329.x
  74. Verma, R.K., Prasher, I.B., Gautam, A.K., Rajeshkumar, K.C. & Castañeda-Ruiz, R.F. (2021) Kirschsteiniothelia shimlaensis sp. nov. from Himachal Pradesh, India. Mycotaxon 136 (2): 401–407. https://doi.org/10.5248/136.401
  75. Vu, D., Groenewald, M., De Vries, M., Gehrmann, T., Stielow, B., Eberhardt, U., Al-Hatmi, A., Groenewald, J.Z., Cardinali, G., Houbraken, J. & Boekhout, T. (2019) Large-scale generation and analysis of filamentous fungal DNA barcodes boosts coverage for kingdom fungi and reveals thresholds for fungal species and higher taxon delimitation. Studies in mycology 92 (1): 135–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2018.05.001
  76. White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, J. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (Eds.) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1
  77. Wijayawardene, N.N., Crous, P.W., Kirk, P.M., Hawksworth, D.L., Boonmee, S., Braun, U., Dai, D.Q., D’souza, M.J., Diederich, P., Dissanayake, A., Doilom, M., Hongsanan, S., Jones, E.B.G., Groenewald, J.Z., Jayawardena, R., Lawrey, J.D., Liu, J.K., Lücking, R., Madrid, H., Manamgoda, D.S., Muggia, L., Nelsen, M.P., Phookamsak, R., Suetrong, S., Tanaka, K., Thambugala, K.M., Wanasinghe, D.N., Wikee, S., Zhang, Y., Aptroot, A., Ariyawansa, H.A., Bahkali, A.H., Bhat, D.J., Gueidan, C., Chomnunti, P., De Hoog, G.S., Knudsen, K., Li, W.J., McKenzie, E.H.C., Miller, A.N., Phillips, A.J.L., Piątek, M., Raja, H.A., Shivas, R.S., Slippers, B., Taylor, J.E., Tian, Q., Wang, Y., Woudenberg, J.H.C., Cai, L., Jaklitsch, W.M. & Hyde, K.D. (2014a) Naming and outline of Dothideomycetes—2014 including proposals for the protection or suppression of generic names. Fungal Diversity 69: 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-014-0309-2
  78. Wijayawardene, N.N., Hyde, K.D., Camporesi, E., Bhat, D.J., Song, Y., Chukeatirote, E., Wang, Y. & Zhang, J.H. (2014b) Homortomyces tamaricis sp. nov. and convergent evolution of Homortomyces and Stilbospora. Phytotaxa 176 (1): 156–163. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.176.1.15
  79. Wijayawardene, N.N., Hyde, K.D., Rajeshkumar, K.C., Hawksworth, D.L., Madrid, H., Kirk, P.M., Braun, U., Singh, R.V., Crous, P.W., Kukwa, M., Lücking, R., Kurtzman, C.P., Yurkov, A., Haelewaters, D., Aptroot, A., Lumbsch, H.T., Timdal, E., Ertz, D., Etayo, J., Phillips, A.J.L., Groenewald, J.Z., Papizadeh, M., Selbmann, L., Dayarathne, M.C., Weerakoon, G., Jones, E.B.G., Suetrong, S., Tian, Q., Castañeda-Ruiz, R.F., Bahkali, A.H., Pang, K.L., Tanaka, K., Dai, D.Q., Sakayaroj, J., Hujslová, M., Lombard, L., Shenoy, B.D., Suija, A., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Thambugala, K.M., Wanasinghe, D.N., Sharma, B.O., Gaikwad, S., Pandit, G., Zucconi, L., Onofri, S., Egidi, E., Raja, H.A., Kodsueb, R., Cáceres, M.E.S., Pérez-Ortega, S., Fiuza, P.O., Monteiro, J.S., Vasilyeva, L.N., Shivas, R.G., Prieto, M., Wedin, M., Olariaga, I., Lateef, A.A., Agrawal, Y., Fazeli, S.A.S., Amoozegar, M.A., Zhao, G.Z., Pfliegler, W.P., Sharma, G., Oset, M., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Takamatsu, S., Bensch, K., de-Silva, N.I., Kesel, A.D., Karunarathna, A., Boonmee, S., Pfister, D.H., Lu, Y.Z., Luo, Z.L., Boonyuen, N., Daranagama, D.A., Senanayake, I.C., Jayasiri, S.C., Samarakoon, M.C., Zeng, X.Y., Doilom, D., Quijada, L., Rampadarath, S., Heredia, G., Dissanayake, A.J., Jayawardana, R.S., Perera, R.H., Tang, L.Z., Phukhamsakda, C., Hernández-Restrepo, M., Ma, X., Tibpromma, S., Gusmao, L.F.P., Weerahewa, D. & Karunarathna, S.C. (2017) Notes for genera: Ascomycota. Fungal Diversity 86: 1–594. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-017-0386-0
  80. Xu, R.F., Phukhamsakda, C., Dai, D.Q., Karunarathna, S.C. & Tibpromma, S. (2023) Kirschsteiniothelia xishuangbannaensis sp. nov. from pará rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) in Yunnan, China. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology) 13 (1): 34–56. https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/13/1/3
  81. Yang, J., Liu, L.L., Jones, E.G., Hyde, K.D., Liu, Z.Y., Bao, D.F., Liu, N.G., Li, W.L., Shen, H.W., Yu, X.D. & Liu, J.K. (2023) Freshwater fungi from karst landscapes in China and Thailand. Fungal Diversity 119 (1): 1–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-023-00514-7
  82. Zhang, Y. & Fournier, J. (2015) Kirschsteiniothelia thujina Peck D. Hawksw. Kirschsteiniotheliaceae, reported from Europe for the first time. Ascomycete.org 7 (1): 31–37.
  83. Zhang, Y.Z., Chen, Q.L., Ma, J., Lu, Y.Z., Chen, H.B. & Liu, N.G. (2023) Morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses reveal five new hyphomycetes from freshwater habitats. Frontiers in Microbiology 14: 1253239. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1253239