Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2024-05-06
Page range: 265-281
Abstract views: 70
PDF downloaded: 69

The Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae, Cichorioideae) in Slovakia IV. Distribution of T. erythrospermum and synonymisation of T. slovacum

Department of Botany, Institute of Biology & Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, SK-041 54, Košice, Slovakia
Department of Botany, Institute of Biology & Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, SK-041 54, Košice, Slovakia
##plugins.generic.jatsParser.article.authorBio##
×

VLADISLAV KOLARČIK

assistant profesor

Administration of the Slovenský kras National Park, Hámosiho 188, SK-049 51, Brzotín, Slovakia
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czechia. Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Palacký University Olomouc, Purkrabská 2, CZ-779 00, Olomouc, Czechia.
apomixis central Europe chorology dry grassland lesser dandelions Eudicots

Abstract

The group of lesser dandelions (Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma) is represented by more than 215 species growing in mostly xerothermic habitats throughout Europe. The only known species with sexual reproduction in this section is the diploid T. erythrospermum. It occurs in southern parts of Europe and reaches its northern limit in central Europe. In this study, we aimed at a detailed mapping of the species distribution in Slovakia in order to understand the spatial distribution at its northern range limits. We found that it is the most common xerothermous species in Slovakia, growing on various substrates such as limestone, dolomite, travertine, volcanic rocks and sands, while it is less common on brown soils and ruderal biotopes. It is a characteristic species of the class Festuco-Brometea with an altitudinal range extending from 120 to 650 m above sea level. We delimited the northern distribution and documented its highest occurrence at approximately ca 1500 m a.s.l. Two taxa, T. slovacum and T. punctatum, were described from the territory of Slovakia and we discuss their relationships to T. erythrospermum, with which T. slovacum is synonymised here for the first time. We also present new data on the genome size of T. erythrospermum in Slovakia, which range from 1.529 to 1.604 pg with a mean of 1.554 pg (± 0.024 SD), and provide chorological data on a remarkable morphological variant with grey-coloured achenes.

References

  1. Barkmann, J.J., Doing, H. & Segal, S. (1964) Kritische Bemerkungen und Vorschläge zur quantitativen Vegetationsanalyse. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 13: 394–419. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1964.tb00164.x
  2. Besser, W.S. (1822) Enumeratio Plantarum hucusque in Volhynia, Podolia, gub. Kiioviensi, Bessarabiia Cis-Tyraica et circa Odessam collectarum, simul cum observationibus in primitas Florae Galiciae Austriacae. J. Zawadzki, Vilnius [Vilna], 111 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6648
  3. Braak, C.J.F. ter & Šmilauer, P. (1998) CANOCO reference manual and users guide to Canoco for Windows. Software for Canonical Community Ordination (version 4). Centre of Biometry, Wageningen, NL.
  4. Dahlstedt, H. (1921) De svenska arterna av släktet Taraxacum. I. Erythrosperma, II. Obliqua. Acta Florae Sueciae 1: 1–160.
  5. Dijk, P.J. van (2003) Ecological and evolutionary opportunities of apomixis: insights from Taraxacum and Chondrilla. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences 358: 1113–1120. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1302
  6. Doležel, J. & Bartoš, J. (2005) Plant DNA flow cytometry and estimation of nuclear genome size. Annals of Botany 95: 99–110. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci005
  7. Doležel, J., Greilhuber, J. & Suda, J. (2007) Estimation of nuclear DNA content in plants using flow cytometry. Nature Protocols 2: 2233–2244. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2007.310.
  8. Doležel, J., Sgorbati, S. & Lucretti, S. (1992) Comparison of 3 DNA fluorochromes for flow cytometric estimation of nuclear-DNA content in plants. Physiologia Plantarum 85: 625–631. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb04764.x
  9. Doll, R. (1973) Revision der sect. Erythrosperma Dahlst. emend. Lindb. f. der Gattung Taraxacum Zinn. 2. Teil. Feddes Repertorium 84: 1–180. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19730840102
  10. Dudáš, M. (2019) Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma in Slovakia. Part I. Addenda to distribution of Taraxacum cristatum. Thaiszia – Journal of Botany 29 (1): 51–59. https://doi.org/10.33542/TJB2019-1-03
  11. Dudáš, M. & Vašut, R.J. (2022) Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma in Slovakia III: Taraxacum parnassicum Dahlst., new localities and notes of its distribution. Acta Botanica Hungarica 64 (3–4): 273–283. https://doi.org/10.1556/034.64.2022.3-4.4
  12. Dudáš, M., Šuvada, R., Majeský, Ľ. & Vašut, R.J. (2020) Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma in Slovakia. Part II. Notes on distribution and ecology of Taraxacum danubium. Thaiszia – Journal of Botany 30 (1): 81–92. https://doi.org/10.33542/TJB2020-1-06
  13. Dudáš, M., Šuvada, R., Mártonfiová, L. & Mártonfi, P. (2013) Differentiation of the taxa of the genus Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma on the basis of morphological characters on achenes and outer bracts. Thaiszia - Journal of Botany 23: 147–162.
  14. Dvořák, R. (1928) Nanismy (trpasličí formy rostlinné) hadcové stepi u Mohelna na Moravě. Sborník klubu přírodovědeckého v Brně 10: 23–31.
  15. Futák, J. (1984) Fytogeografické členenie Slovenska. In: Bertová, L. (Ed.) Flóra Slovenska, vol. IV/1. Veda, Bratislava, pp. 418–420.
  16. Gurdal, B., Kirschner, J., Štěpánek, J. & Ozhatay, N. (2018) Contributions to the genus Taraxacum (Asteraceae) – five new species records for the flora of Turkey. Plant Biosystems 152: 873–879. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2017.1359212
  17. Hennekens, S.M. & Schaminée, J.H.J. (2001) TURBOVEG, a comprehensive database management system for vegetation data. Journal of Vegetation Science 12 (4): 589–591. https://doi.org/10.2307/3237010
  18. Hörandl, E. (2006) The complex causality of geographical parthenogenesis. New Phytologist 171: 525–538. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01769.x
  19. Kirschner, J. & Štěpánek, J. (1995) Současný stav taxonomického výzkumu rodu Taraxacum v České a Slovenské republice. Zprávy České Botanické Společnosti 29: 1–9.
  20. Kirschner, J. & Štěpánek, J. (2014) Nomenclatural analysis of validity of Taraxacum names published by J. L. van Soest after 1958. Phytotaxa 158 (2): 169–181. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.158.2.4
  21. Kirschner, J., Štepánek, J. & Greuter, W. (2007+) Taraxacum. In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (Eds.) Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Available from: https://www.emplantbase.org/ (accessed 9 November 2023).
  22. Kirschner, J., Záveská Drábková, L., Štěpánek, J. & Uhlemann, I. (2015) Towards a better understanding of the Taraxacum evolution (Compositae-Cichorieae) on the basis of nrDNA of sexually reproducing species. Plant Systematics and Evolution 301: 1135–1156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1139-0
  23. Klášterský, I. (1938) Taraxacum slovacum, eine neue Art aus der Čechoslovakei. Studia Botanica Čechoslovaca 1: 8–10.
  24. Lindberg, H. (1908) Taraxacum-former från södra och mellersta Finland. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 29 (9): 1–48.
  25. Loureiro, J., Rodriguez, E., Doležel, J. & Santos, C. (2007) Two new nuclear isolation buffers for plant DNA flow cytometry: A test with 37 species. Annals of Botany 100: 875–888. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcm152
  26. Macháčková, P., Majeský, Ľ., Hroneš, M., Bílková, L., Hřibová, E. & Vašut, R.J. (2021) New insights into rDNA variation in apomictic and sexual Taraxacum. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 199 (4): 790–815. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab094
  27. Majeský, Ľ., Vašut, R.J. & Kitner, M. (2015) Genotypic diversity of apomictic microspecies of the Taraxacum scanicum group (Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma). Plant Systematics and Evolution 301: 2105–2124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-015-1218-x
  28. Marhold, K., Mártonfi, P., Mereďa, P. jun. & Mráz, P. (eds.) (2007) Chromosome number survey of the ferns and flowering plants of Slovakia. Veda, Bratislava, 650 pp.
  29. Mártonfiová, L., Mártonfi, P. & Šuvada, R. (2010) Breeding behavior and its possible consequences for gene flow in Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (H. Lindb.) Dahlst. Plant Species Biology 25: 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.2010.00270.x
  30. Nijs, J.C.M. den (1997) Taraxacum: ploidy levels, hybridization and speciation, the advantage and consequence of combining reproductive systems. Lagascalia 19: 45–56.
  31. Nijs, J.C.M. den & Hulst, A. van der (1988) Cytogeography of Taraxacum section Erythrosperma: Diploid sexuals in SE and SW Europe. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik 110: 83–93.
  32. Nijs, J.C.M. den & Menken, S.B.J. (1994) Breeding systems and evolution in Taraxacum. Evolutionary Trends in Plants 8: 11–20.
  33. Nijs, J.C.M. den, Kirschner, J., Štěpánek, J. & Hulst, A. van der (1990) Distribution of diploid sexual plants of Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia in east-Central Europe, with special reference to Czechoslovakia. Plant Systematics and Evolution 170: 71–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00937850.
  34. Niklfeld, H. (1971) Bericht über die Kartierung der Flora Mitteleuropas. Taxon 20: 545–571. https://doi.org/10.2307/1218258
  35. Richards, A.J. (1970) Observation on Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma Dt. emend. Lindb. fil. in Slovakia. Acta Facultatis Rerum Naturalium Universitatis Comenianae, ser. bot. 18: 81–120.
  36. Schmid, M., Vašut, R.J. & Oosterveld, P. (2004) Taraxacum prunicolor sp. nova, a new species of the Taraxacum scanicum group (sect. Erythrosperma). Feddes Repertorium 115: 220–229. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.200311038
  37. Shiyan, N.M., Mosyakin, S.L. & Fedoronchuk, M.M. (2012) Typification of taxa of the family Asteraceae in the flora of Ukraine: genera Taraxacum Wigg., and Tragopogon L. Ukrainian Botanical Journal 69: 319–327.
  38. Šmarda, P., Knápek, O., Březinová, A., Horová, L., Grulich, V., Danihelka, J., Veselý, P., Šmerda, J., Rotreklová, O. & Bureš, P. (2019) Genome sizes and genomic guanine+cytosine (GC) contents of the Czech vascular flora with new estimates for 1700 species. Preslia 91: 117–142. https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2019.117
  39. Soest, J.L. van (1966) New Taraxacum species from Europe I.–IV. Proceedings Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, ser. C 69 (4): 432–489.
  40. Štěpánek, J. & Kirschner, J. (2012) A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Compositae-Lactuceae) in Corsica. Feddes Repertorium 123: 139–176. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.201200032
  41. Štěpánek, J. & Kirschner, J. (2022) A distinctive group of species allied to Taraxacum danubium (T. sect. Erythrosperma, Compositae-Crepidinae): a taxonomic revision. Folia Geobotanica 57: 269–301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12224-023-09425-6
  42. Šuvada, R. (2008) Taxonómia rodu Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma v panónskej oblasti. Msc. (Práca k Diz. skúške). PríF. UK v Bratislave. Botanický ústav SAV, 72 pp.
  43. Šuvada, R. (2010) Taxonómia rodu Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma v panónskej oblasti. Msc. (Diz. pr.). PríF. UK v Bratislave. Botanický ústav SAV, 139 pp.
  44. Šuvada, R. (ed.) (2023) Katalóg biotopov Slovenska, ed. 2. Štátna ochrana prírody SR, Banská Bystrica, 511 pp.
  45. Šuvada, R., Mártonfi, P. & Mártonfiová, L. (2012) Differentiation of diploid and triploid taxa within Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) from the Pannonian Region. Folia Geobotanica 47: 69–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12224-011-9109-6
  46. Thiers, B. (2020+) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/IndexHerbariorum.asp (accessed 20 January 2019).
  47. Tichý, L. (2002) JUICE, software for vegetation classification. Journal of Vegetation Science 13 (3): 451–453. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2002.tb02069.x
  48. Tichý, L. (2005) New similarity indices for the assignment of relevés to the vegetation units of an existing phytosociological classification. Plant Ecology 179: 67–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-004-5798-8
  49. Tichý, L., Axmanová, I., Dengler, J., Guarino, R., Jansen, F., Midolo, G., Nobis, M.P., Van Meerbeek, K., Aćić, S., Attorre, F., Bergmeier, E., Biurrun, I., Bonari, G., Bruelheide, H., Campos, J.A., Čarni, A., Chiarucci, A., Ćuk, M., Ćušterevska, R., Didukh, Y., Dítě, D., Dítě, Z., Dziuba, T., Fanelli, G., Fernández-Pascual, E., Garbolino, E., Gavilán, R.G., Gégout, J.C., Graf, U., Güler, B., Hájek, M., Hennekens, S.M., Jandt, U., Jašková, A., Jiménez-Alfaro, B., Julve, P., Kambach, S., Karger, D.N., Karrer, G., Kavgacı, A., Knollová, I., Kuzemko, A., Küzmič, F., Landucci, F., Lengyel, A., Lenoir, J., Marcenò, C., Moeslund, J.E., Novák, P., Pérez-Haase, A., Peterka, T., Pielech, R., Pignatti, A., Rašomavičius, V., Rūsiņa, S., Saatkamp, A., Šilc, U., Škvorc, Ž., Theurillat, J.P., Wohlgemuth, T. & Chytrý, M. (2023) Ellenberg‐type indicator values for European vascular plant species. Journal of Vegetation Science 34 (1): e13168. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13168
  50. Uhlemann, I. (2001) Distribution of reproductive systems and taxonomical concepts in the genus Taraxacum F.H. Wigg. (Asteraceae, Lactuceae) in Germany. Feddes Repertorium 112: 15–35. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.20011120105
  51. Vašut, R.J. (2003) Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma in Moravia (Czech Republic): Taxonomic notes and the distribution of previously described species. Preslia 75: 311–338.
  52. Vašut, R.J. & Majeský, Ľ. (2015) Taraxacum pudicum, a new apomictic microspecies of T. section Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) from Central Europe. Phytotaxa 227: 243–252. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.227.3.3
  53. Verduijn, M.H., Dijk, P.J. van & Damme, J.M.M. van (2003) Distribution, phenology and demography of sympatric sexual and asexual dandelions (Taraxacum officinale s.l.): geographic parthenogenesis on a small scale. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 82 (2): 205–218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00325.x
  54. Wiggers, F.H. (1780) Primitiae florae holsaticae. M. F. Bartsch, Kiel, 112 pp.
  55. Wolanin, M., Klichowska, E., Jedrzejczyk, I., Rewers, M. & Nobis, M. (2023) Taxonomy and distribution of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) in Poland. PhytoKeys 224: 1–88. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.224.99463