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Issue: Vol. 643 No. 1: 5 Apr. 2024
Type: Monograph
Published: 2024-04-05
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.643.1.1
Page range: 1-67
Abstract views: 9
PDF downloaded: 1

Taxonomic revision of Rhynchosia Lour. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Phaseoleae) in South America

Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Depto. de Biodiversidade e Bioestatística, IBB, Distrito Rubião Junior s/n, 18618-970, C.P. 510, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisa Científica, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul - UEMS, Unidade Universitária de Campo Grande. Av. Dom Antônio Barbosa 4155, Bairro Santo Amaro, 79115-898, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
Institute of Systematic Botany, New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10458-5126, USA
Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, U.K.
Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Depto. de Biodiversidade e Bioestatística, IBB, Distrito Rubião Junior s/n, 18618-970, C.P. 510, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Cajaninae Diversity Fabaceae Neotropics Eudicots

Abstract

Rhynchosia Lour. has a pantropical distribution and comprises approximately 230 species, of which ca. 55 occur in the Neotropics and 31 in South America. The only existing taxonomic review that treated the South American species of the genus was carried out in 1978. It does not account for many new collections and several recently described species, and the delimitation of taxa remains problematic. Consequently, we undertook a comprehensive review of the South American species of Rhynchosia and present here a new taxonomic revision. The revision is based on our own fieldwork, extensive study of the relevant literature, and analysis of ca. 2000 herbarium collections including the nomenclatural types for all published names that have been linked to the South American taxa of Rhynchosia. Twenty-seven species are recorded for South America, where they are distributed in a variety of open and forested habitats, with the greatest diversity concentrated in the Cerrado domain. Most of the South American taxa are widely distributed in this region and some also occur in Central and North America. Rhynchosia minima is the only species in South America with a larger distribution that extends to the Old World. We provide an identification key, morphological descriptions for all of the recorded taxa, information about the nomenclatural types, synonyms, geographical distributions, habitats, phenology, and conservation status, as well as distribution maps, illustrations and photos of selected species in the field. We present six new synonymizations and 50 lectotypifications, of which 30 are second-step.

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