Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2024-03-12
Page range: 265-274
Abstract views: 3
PDF downloaded: 0

Reinstatement of Aloe mutans (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a distinctive, endemic, maculate aloe from the central Limpopo province of South Africa

Ria Olivier Herbarium, Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031 South Africa.
Ria Olivier Herbarium, Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031 South Africa.
Foundational Biodiversity Sciences Division, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa. H.G.W.J. Schweickerdt Herbarium, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 South Africa.
Aloe davyana Aloe sect. Pictae northeastern South Africa taxonomy typification Monocots

Abstract

Until 1987, Aloe mutans (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae) was accepted as a distinctive species of maculate aloe from South Africa’s Limpopo province. However, this species thereafter often has been included in the synonymy of A. greatheadii var. davyana. Recently, A. davyana was separated from A. greatheadii at the rank of species, which requires reconsideration of the taxonomic status of A. mutans. It is shown that A. mutans differs from A. davyana in several vegetative and reproductive morphological characters so warranting its recognition at the rank of species. Aloe mutans is therefore here reinstated as an accepted species. Both A. mutans and A. davyana are illustrated and an amplified description is provided for A. mutans.

References

  1. Bornman, H. & Hardy, D.[S.] (1971) Aloes of the South African veld. Voortrekkerpers, Johannesburg, 299 pp.
  2. Carter, S., Lavranos, J.J., Newton, L.E. & Walker, C.C. (2011) Aloes. The definitive guide. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew / British Cactus & Succulent Society, London, 719 pp.
  3. Glen, H.F. & Hardy, D.S. (1987) Nomenclatural notes on three southern African representatives of the genus Aloe. South African Journal of Botany 53 (6): 489–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(16)31383-7
  4. Glen, H.F. & Hardy, D.S. (2000) Aloaceae (First part): Aloe. In: Germishuizen, G. (Ed.) Flora of southern Africa, Vol. 5, Part 1, Fasc. 1. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, pp. 1–167.
  5. Grace, O.M. (2009) Contributions to the systematics and biocultural value of Aloe L. (Asphodelaceae). Ph.D. thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 158 pp. [http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26261]
  6. Grace, O.M., Klopper, R.R., Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2011) The aloe names book. Strelitzia 29. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, and Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 232 pp. [http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12143/270]
  7. Groenewald, B.H. (1939) Aloe davyana var. subolifera. The Flowering Plants of South Africa 19: t. 732. [https://archive.org/details/floweringplantso19unse/page/n53/mode/2up]
  8. Groenewald, B.H. (1941) Die aalwyne van Suid-Afrika, Suidwes-Afrika, Portugees Oos-Afrika, Swaziland, Basoetoeland, en ’n spesiale ondersoek van die klassifikasie, chromosome en areale van die Aloe Maculatae. Die Nasionale Pers Beperk, Bloemfontein, 172 pp.
  9. IPNI. (2023+) The International Plant Names Index. Available from: https://www.ipni.org/ (continuously updated; accessed: 1 December 2023).
  10. Jacobsen, H. (1977) Lexicon of succulent plants. Short descriptions, habitats and synonymy of succulent plants other than Cactaceae. Blandford Press Ltd, Poole, Dorset, 682 pp.
  11. Jacobsen, H. (1986) A handbook of succulent plants. Descriptions, synonyms and cultural details for succulents other than Cactaceae. Vol. 1. Abromeitiella to Euphorbia. Blandford Press Ltd, Poole, Dorset, 464 pp.
  12. Jeppe, B. (1969) South African aloes. Purnell & Sons S.A. (Pty) Ltd, Cape Town, Johannesburg, London, 144 pp.
  13. JSTOR Global Plants. (2023) JSTOR Global Plants. Available from: https://plants.jstor.org/ (accessed: 1 December 2023).
  14. Judd, E. (1967) What aloe is that? A Purnell Pocketbook. Southern African Series. Purnell, Cape Town & Johannesburg, 76 pp.
  15. Klopper, R.R. (2015) Contributions to the systematics of the genus Aloe L. (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae) in southern Africa. Ph.D. thesis. University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 712 pp.
  16. Klopper, R.R., Grace, O.M., Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2011) Reinstatement of Aloe graciliflora Groenew. (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a maculate aloe from north-east South Africa. Bradleya 29: 125–130. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n29.2011.a15
  17. Klopper, R.R., Smith, G.F., Crouch, N.R., Grace, O.M. & Demissew, S. (2013) Aloes of the World Project: background and progress. In: Beau, N., Dessein, S. & Robbrecht, E. (Eds.) African Plant Diversity, Systematics and Sustainable Development. Proceedings of the XIXth AETFAT Congress, held at Antananarivo, Madagascar, 26–30 April 2010. Scripta Botanica Belgica 50. National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Meise, pp. 332–336.
  18. Klopper, R.R., Smith, G.F. & Demissew, S. (2010) The Aloes of the World Project. In: van der Burgt, X., van der Maesen, J. & Onana, J.-M. (Eds.) Systematics and conservation of African plants. Proceedings of the XVIIIth triannual Congress of the AETFAT, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 781–785.
  19. Klopper, R.R., Smith, G.F., Grace, O.M. & Crouch, N.R. (2014) Reinstatement of Aloe barbertoniae Pole-Evans (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae) from northeastern South Africa. Bradleya 32: 70–75. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n32.2014.a21
  20. Leistner, O.A. & Morris, J.W. (1976) Southern African place names. In: Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums 12. Published jointly by the Cape Provincial Museums at the Albany Museum, Grahamstown, pp. 565.
  21. Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad generarelatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol. 1. Salvius, Stockholm. [Aloe L. treated on pp. 319–323. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/13829#page/333/mode/1up]
  22. Newton, L.E. (2020) Aloe. In: Eggli, U. & Nyffeler, R. (Eds.) Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: Monocotyledons, Vol. 1. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 485–696.
  23. Raper, P.E., Möller, L.A. & Du Plessis, L.T. (2014) Dictionary of southern African place names. Jonathan Ball Publishers, Jeppestown, Johannesburg, 566 pp.
  24. Reynolds, G.W. (1936) Aloe mutans. The Flowering Plants of South Africa 16: t. 602. [https://archive.org/details/floweringplantso16unse/page/n13/mode/2up]
  25. Reynolds, G.W. (1950 [December]) The aloes of South Africa. The Trustees, The Aloes of South Africa Book Fund, Johannesburg, 520 pp.
  26. Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck, J.F.M.A.H.I. (1837 [probably June]) Monographia generum aloes et mesembryanthemi, Fasc. 1. Maximillian Cohen, Bonn, 60 plates, 72 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.153143
  27. Schönland, S. (1904) On some new and some little known species of South African plants. II. Records of the Albany Museum 1: 114–124. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/31254#page/132/mode/1up]
  28. Schönland, S. (1905) On some South African species of Aloe with special reference to those represented in the Herbarium of the Albany Museum. II. Records of the Albany Museum 1: 282–295. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/31254#page/308/mode/1up]
  29. Smith, G.F. (2022) Aloe davyana var. magdae (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a distinctive new variety from central-northeastern South Africa. Phytotaxa 536 (3): 261–269. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.536.3.6
  30. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2023) Reinstatement of Aloe verdoorniae (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a distinctively purplish blue-leaved species of maculate aloe endemic to the eastern Gauteng and western Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa. Phytotaxa 626 (2): 110–118. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.626.2.4
  31. Smith, G.F. & Klopper, R.R. (2021) Reinstatement of Aloe labiaflava (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a distinctive species of maculate aloe endemic to the western Mpumalanga province of South Africa. Phytotaxa 512 (3): 179–189. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.512.3.5
  32. Smith, G.F. & Klopper, R.R. (2022) Reinstatement of Aloe longibracteata (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a maculate aloe from northeastern South Africa. Phytotaxa 568 (2): 191–203. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.512.3.5
  33. Smith, G.F., Klopper, R.R., Crouch, N.R. & Figueiredo, E. (2020) Reinstatement of Aloe davyana (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a winter-flowering species endemic to central-northeastern South Africa. Phytotaxa 475 (3): 201–208. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.475.3.4
  34. Smith, G.F., Klopper, R.R., Crouch, N.R. & Figueiredo, E. (2021) Reinstatement of Aloe davyana var. subolifera (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a distinctive variety of an endemic South African aloe. Phytotaxa 482 (2): 208–212. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.482.2.9
  35. Smith, G.F., Walters, M., Crouch, N.R. & Klopper, R.R. (2008a) Aloes of the world: a comprehensive collaboration to consolidate knowledge on the genus Aloe L. Aloe 45 (1): 19–20.
  36. Smith, G.F., Walters, M., Klopper, R.R. & Crouch, N.R. (2008b) Aloes of the world: African Plants Initiative. An international web-based collaboration to promote scholarly research on Aloe L. Bradleya 26: 121–128. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n26.2008.a2
  37. Thiers, B. (2023 [continuously updated]) Index herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed: December 2023).
  38. Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. [Regnum Vegetabile 159]. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, pp. 254. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
  39. Van Wyk, B-E. & Smith, G.[F.] (1996) Guide to the aloes of South Africa. 1st edition. Briza Publications, Pretoria, 302 pp.
  40. Van Wyk, B-E. & Smith, G.[F.] (2003) Guide to the aloes of South Africa. 2nd edition. Briza Publications, Pretoria, 304 pp.
  41. Van Wyk, B-E. & Smith, G.F. (2014) Guide to the aloes of South Africa. 3rd edition. Briza Publications, Pretoria, 376 pp.