Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 634 No. 1: 11 Jan. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-01-11
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.634.1.3
Page range: 31-48
Abstract views: 64
PDF downloaded: 6

The pteridophytes of São Tomé and Príncipe, Gulf of Guinea: who collected them and where?

Ria Olivier Herbarium, Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031 South Africa.
Ria Olivier Herbarium, Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031 South Africa.
Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE) & Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C2, 5º Piso, Sala 2.5.15b Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal. Gulf of Guinea Biodiversity Center, Bairro do Hospital, São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe.
Atlantic Ocean collections collectors Equatorial Africa Gulf of Guinea types Pteridophytes

Abstract

São Tomé and Príncipe, two islands in the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean off the central west coast of Africa, are well-known for their tropical, albeit substantially transformed, floras. Given the tropical climate prevalent in São Tomé and Príncipe, a large component of their floras is comprised of ferns and lycophytes—here collectively referred to as pteridophytes. We provide information on the collectors of pteridophytes in São Tomé and Príncipe during the colonial period (from the earliest times up to 1975). New information on these collectors and their collections are provided, and some of the doubts that existed about localities where pteridophytes were collected are solved.

 

References

  1. Alston, A.H.G. (1944) Pteridophyta. In: Exell, A.W. Catalogue of the vascular plants of S.Tomé (with Príncipe and Annobon). British Museum, London, pp. 57–99.
  2. Alston, A.H.G. (1959) Pteridophyta. In: A. Exell, Additions to the flora of S.Tomé and Príncipe. Bulletin de l’Institut Française d’Afrique Noire 21: 439–476.
  3. Ambrósio, A. (1987) Dona Simoa de S.Tomé em Lisboa. O seu testamento e a sua capela. Lisboa, Revista Municipal Ser. 2, 21: 3–22.
  4. Anonymous (1909) Carta da Ilha do Principe com a divisão das principais explorações agrícolas.
  5. Anonymous (1953) Carta da Ilha de S. Tomé com a divisão das principais explorações agrícolas. Lisboa.
  6. Azevedo, J.F., Tendeiro, J., Franco, L.T.A., Mourão, M.C. & Salazar, J.M.C. (1961) O reaparecimento da Glossina palpalis palpalis na ilha do Príncipe. Estudos, Ensaios e Documentos no. 89. Junta de Investigacoes do Ultramar, Lisboa, 229 pp.
  7. Baker, J.G. (1885) A synopsis of the genus Selaginella. Journal of Botany 23: 45–180.
  8. Ballard, F. (1955) A Nephrolepis from West Africa. Kew Bulletin 10 (3): 467–467. https://doi.org/10.2307/4109237
  9. Barter, C. (1860) Letter from Mr. Charles Barter, natural history collector to the Niger Expedition, addressed to Sir W. J. Hooker, F.R.S., F.L.S., and communicated by him. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Botany 4: 17–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1859.tb01014.x
  10. Caldeira, A.M. (2018) Do refúgio nos picos da ilha de São Tomé à absorção colonial: a questão dos Angolares / From the refuge on the peaks of São Tomé Island to colonial absorption: the issue of the Angolares. Arquivos 4: 123–147. https://doi.org/10.14195/0870-4112_3-4_6
  11. Centro de Geografia do Ultramar (1968) Relação dos nomes geográficos de S. Tomé e Príncipe. Junta de Investigações do Ultramar, Lisboa, 82 pp.
  12. Commissão de Cartographia (1891) Carta da Ilha de S. Thomé. 1:150.000. L. Couceiro des.; A. Briesemeister gr. Lith. Ca. Nal. Editora.
  13. Commissão de Cartographia (1902) Carta da Ilha de S. Thomé. P. Marinho gr.
  14. Costa, A.R.C. (2020) Coleções botânicas das ilhas de São Tomé e Príncipe no Herbário PO do Museu de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade do Porto: desvendar dados científicos e históricos a partir de espécimes de herbário. M.Sc. thesis, Universidade do Porto, Portugal, 100 pp.
  15. Dauby, G., Stévart, T., Barberá, P., Benitez, L., Madureira, M.C., Soares, F.C., Viennois, G. & Lima, R.F. (2022) Classification, Distribution, and Biodiversity of Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands. In: Ceríaco, L.M.P., Lima, R.F., Melo, M. & Bell, R.C. (Eds.) Biodiversity of the Gulf of Guinea oceanic islands. Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 37–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06153-0_3
  16. Don, G. (1822) Journals from 13 November 1821 to 19 October 1822. Provided by the Archives of the Royal Horticultural Society, London.
  17. Exell, A.W. (1944) Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tomé (with Príncipe and Annobon). British Museum (Natural History), London, 428 pp.
  18. Exell, A.W. (1956) Supplement to the catalogue of the vascular plants of S.Tomé (with Príncipe and Annobon). British Museum (Natural History), London, 58 pp.
  19. Figueiredo, E. (1998) Pteridophytes of São Tomé and Príncipe (Gulf of Guinea). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum 28 (1): 41–66.
  20. Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011) An annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of S.Tomé and Princípe. Bothalia 41 (1): 41–82. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v41i1.34
  21. Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2020) Andrew Beveridge Curror (1811–1844): collecting natural history specimens while preventing the slave trade along the west coast of Africa. Phytotaxa 436 (2): 141–156. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.436.2.4
  22. Fonseca, J. (2019) Uma negra são-tomense na Lisboa quinhentista: Simoa Godinho, proprietária, negociante de açúcar e mecenas da Misericórdia. Faces de Eva: Revista de Estudos Sobre a Mulher 42: 103–115. https://doi.org/10.34619/k8e1-hw13
  23. Henriques, J. (1917) A ilha de S. Tomé sob o ponto de vista historico-natural e agricola. Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana 27: 3–197.
  24. Holttum, R.E. (1981) The Tree-Ferns of Africa. Kew Bulletin 36 (3): 463–482. https://doi.org/10.2307/4117581
  25. Hooker, W.J. (1858) Species filicum. Volume 2. William Pamplin, London, 250 pp. + plates.
  26. Hooker, W.J. (1861) A second century of ferns. William Pamplin, London.
  27. Hooker, W.J. & Baker, J.G. (1865 [‘1865–1868’]) Synopsis filicum; or, A synopsis of all known ferns, including the Osmundaceae, Schizæsveae, Marattiaceae, and Ophioglossaceae (chiefly derived from the Kew herbarium). Robert Hardwicke, London, 523 pp.
  28. Inkscape (2023) Open source vector graphics editor. Available from: https://inkscape.org/ (accessed: 10 January 2024).
  29. IPNI (2023) The International Plant Names Index. Available from: https://www.ipni.org/ (accessed: 10 January 2024).
  30. JSTOR (2023) Global Plants. Available from: https://plants.jstor.org/ (accessed: 10 January 2024).
  31. Junta de Investigações do Ultramar (1961–1962) Carta de S.Tomé. Levantamento fotogramétrico. 1:25.000. Five sheets.
  32. Junta de Investigações do Ultramar (1964) Carta do Príncipe. Levantamento fotogramétrico. 1:25.000. Two sheets.
  33. Klopper, R.R. & Figueiredo, E. (2013) Diversity of ferns and lycophytes in São Tomé and Príncipe: an updated checklist. Scripta Botanica Belgica 50: 287–293.
  34. Kuhn, M. (1868) Filices Africanae. Revisio critica omnium hucusque cognitorum cormophytorum Africae indigenorum additamentis Braunianis novisque Africanis speciebus ex reliquiis Mettenianis adaucta. Accedunt Filices Deckenianae et Petersianae. W. Engelmann, Lipsiae, 233 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.163460
  35. Liberato, M.C. (1994) Explorações botânicas nos países africanos de língua oficial portuguesa. Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 12: 15–38.
  36. Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Two volumes. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669
  37. Mabey, R. (2016 [‘2015’]) Chapter 23. ‘Vegetable jewellery’. The fern craze. In: The cabaret of plants. Botany and the imagination. Profile Books Ltd, London, pp. 258–263.
  38. Mann, G. (1861a) Letter to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; 6 September 1861. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Archives: Directors’ Correspondence 60/224. KADC7243.
  39. Mann, G. (1861b) Letter from Gustav Mann to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; 12 September 1861. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Archives: Directors’ Correspondence 60/223. KADC7242.
  40. Moller, A. (1886) Exploração botânica ao Pico de S. Thomé. Jornal de Horticultura Prática 17: 11–18.
  41. Nogueira, A.F. (1885) A ilha de S. Thomé sob o ponto de vista da sua exploração agrícola Boletim da Sociedade de Geographia de Lisboa Ser. 5, 7: 401–455.
  42. Palisot-Beauvois, A.M.F.J. (1808) Asplenium emarginatum. In: Flore d’Oware et de Benin, en Afrique, vol. 6. Imprimerie de Fain Jeune et Compagnie, Paris.
  43. Ribeiro, M.F. (1877) A provincia da S. Thomé e Principe e suas dependencias. Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 705 pp.
  44. Roux, J.P. (2004) New species in the fern genus Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) from the islands in the Gulf of Guinea (West Africa). Systematics and Biodiversity 2 (2): 163–168. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200004001471
  45. Roux, J.P. (2009) Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighbouring islands. Strelitzia 23. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 296 pp.
  46. Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1969) Reviews of tropical African Pteridophyta—Part 1. Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium 1: 1–132.
  47. Sobrinho, L.G. (1953) Vascular plants from S. Tomé collected by B. d’Oliveira and E.A. Noronha. Portugaliae Acta Biologica (B) 3 (3): 392–401.
  48. Tams, W.H.T. (1933–1934) A visit to the islands in the Gulf of Guinea. Natural History Magazine 4 (28–30): 126–218.
  49. Tenreiro, F. (1953) Descrição da ilha de S. Tomé no século XVI. Garcia de Orta 1 (2): 219–228.
  50. Tenreiro, F. (1961) A ilha de São Tomé. Memórias da Junta de Investigações do Ultramar no. 24. Junta de Investigações do Ultramar, Lisboa, 289 pp.+ plates.
  51. Thiers, B. (2023) Index herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed: 10 January 2024).
  52. Tryon, R.M. (1970) The classification of the Cyatheaceae. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 200: 3–53. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.336422
  53. Vincent, F. (1895) Actual Africa or the coming continent. D. Appleton & Co, New York, 541 pp. https://doi.org/10.2307/196865