Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2023-06-06
Page range: 89-99
Abstract views: 867
PDF downloaded: 474

A new species of Triphora (Orchidaceae: Triphoreae, Triphorinae) from Mexico

Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México. Jardín Botánico Haravéri, Camino a las Guacas km 7.5, La Estancia de Landeros, San Sebastián del Oeste, Jalisco, México.
Herbario IBUG (“Luz María Villarreal de Puga”), Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias (CUCBA), Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla 2100, Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.
Independent Researcher, Militares 556, Jardines de Guadalupe, 45030, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.
Herbario IBUG (“Luz María Villarreal de Puga”), Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias (CUCBA), Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla 2100, Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, México. Laboratorio de Ecosistemática, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla 2100, Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.
Herbario AMO, Montañas Calizas 490, Lomas de Chapultepec, 11000, Ciudad de México, México.
Herbario CIIDIR (“Prof. Graciela Calderón Díaz-Barriga y Dr. Jerzy Rzedowski Rotter”), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR Unidad Durango, Sigma 119, Fracc. 20 de Noviembre II, Victoria de Durango, Durango, México.
Paisaje Biocultural Sierra Occidental de Jalisco, Abasolo No. 21, Mascota, Jalisco, México.
Monanthotaxis Magnoliids Annonaceae

Abstract

Triphora gallegosii, a new species of geophyte orchid known so far from central, western, and northwestern Mexico, is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically similar to T. gentianioides and T. wagneri, with whom it shares the presence of scale-like leaves, three longitudinal verrucose lines on the lip, and floral parts of similar sizes, but differs from both by its lip lines that vanish towards the middle of the central lobe, having 1–4 resupinate flowers, and flowering between August and September. It also differs from T. wagneri by having a constricted central lobe and lateral lobes with acute apex, and from T. gentianoides by having entire margins on the lateral lobes, column with a magenta apex and whitish towards the middle portion with a green base, magenta anther, smaller leaves, and solitary growth. A preliminary analysis of the conservation status and a dichotomous key to the species of the genus in Mexico are provided.

References

  1. Ackerman, J.D. (1995) An orchid flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 73: 1–203. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb17411.x
    Andrews, J. & Gutiérrez, E. (1988) Un listado preliminar y notas sobre La Historia Natural de las Orquídeas de la Península de Yucatán. Orquídea 11: 103–130.
    Ames, O. (1922) A discussion of Pogonia and its allies in the northeastern United States with reference to extra-limital genera and species. Orchidaceae 7: 1–174.
    Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., De La Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109
    Baker, J.G. (1877) The genus Agave (Continued from p. 137.). The Gardeners’ Chronicle ser. 2, 8: 200–202.
    Barbosa Rodrigues, J. (1882) Genera et Species Orchidearum Novarum, Vol. 2. Typographia Nacional, Sebastianopolis, 295 pp.
    Bentham, G. (1839) Plantas hartwegianas imprimis mexicanas. The Linnean Society of London, London, 393 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.437
    Bentham, G. (1875) VII. Revision of the Suborder Mimoseæ. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 30: 335–664. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1875.tb00005.x
    Brown, P.M. (2006) Wild Orchids of the Prairies of North America. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 342 pp.
    Cameron, D.D. & Leake, J.R. (2007) A different kind of parasitic plant: a brief history of mycoheterotrophy and parasitism. Haustorium 50: 4–6.
    Cameron, K.M., Chase, M.W., Whitten, W.M., Kores, P.J., Jarrell, D.C., Albert, V.A., Yukawa, T., Hills, H.G. & Goldman, D.H. (1999) A phylogenetic analysis of the Orchidaceae: evidence from rbcl nucleotide sequences. American Journal of Botany 86: 208–224. https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2656938
    Carlsward, B.S. & Stern, W.L. (2009) Vegetative anatomy and systematics of Triphorinae (Orchidaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 159: 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00930.x
    Carnevali, F.G., Tapia-Muñoz, J.L. Jiménez-Machorro, R., Sánchez-Saldaña, L., Ibarra-González, L. Ramírez, I.M. & Gómez, M.P. (2001) Notes on The Flora of The Yucatán Peninsula II: A Synopsis of the Orchid-Flora of the Mexican Yucatán Peninsula and a tentative checklist of the Orchidaceae of the Yucatán Península Biotic Province. Harvard Papers in Botany 5: 383–466.
    Carnevali, F.G. (2010) Triphora gentianoides o el misterio del Jardín. Desde el herbario CICY 3: 41–43.
    Carnevali, F.G. (2012) Triphora yucatanensis (Orchidaceae): Especie Bipeninsular. Desde el Herbario CICY 4: 3–5.
    Chase, M.W., Cameron, K.M., Freudenstein, J.V., Pridgeon, A.M., Salazar, G.A., van den Berg, C. & Schuiteman, A. (2015) An updated classification of Orchidaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 177: 151–174. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12234
    Cogniaux, C.A. (1906) Pogonia hassleriana. Bulletin de l’Herbier Boissier 2: 283.
    Don, G. (1832) A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants 2. J.G. and F. Rivington, London, 875 pp.
    Dressler, R.L. (1979) The subfamilies of Orchidaceae. Selbyana 5: 197–206.
    Endlicher, S.L. (1837) Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturalis disposita. Vindobonae, Vienna, 1427 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.728
    Espejo-Serna, A. & López-Ferrari, A.R. (1998) Las monocotiledóneas mexicanas, una sinopsis florística 1. Lista de referencia, parte VIII. Orchidaceae II. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana y Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad. México, D.F., México. 115 pp.
    ESRI (2014) ArcGIS Desktop (Release 10.2). Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.
    Feng, Y., Wicke, S., Li, J., Han, Y., Lin, C., Li, D., Zhou, T., Huang, W., Huang, L. & Jin, X. (2016) Lineage-Specific Reductions of Plastid Genomes in an Orchid Tribe with Partially and Fully Mycoheterotrophic Species. Genome Biology and Evolution 8: 2164–2175. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evw144
    Ferreira, A.W.C., Baptista, D.H. & Pansarin, E.R. (2010) Triphora uniflora A. C. Ferreira, Baptista & Pansarin (Orchidaceae: Triphoreae): uma nova espécie e primeiro registro do gênero Triphora Nutt. para o estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Acta Botanica Brasilica 24: 288–291. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062010000100031.
    Freudenstein, J.V. & Chase, M.W. (2015) Phylogenetic relationships in Epidendroideae (Orchidaceae), one of the great flowering plant radiations: progressive specialization and diversification. Annals of Botany 115: 665–681. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcu253
    Fritsch, K. (1894) Gesneriaceae. In: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (eds.) Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 4 (3B). W. Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 133–185.
    García-Martínez, M.A. & Rodríguez, A. (2018) Calochortus occidentalis (Liliaceae), a new species from western Mexico. Phytotaxa 373: 131–138. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.3
    Hemsley, W.B. (1885) Enumeration of the Incompletæ, Monocotyledones, and Cryptogamic Vasculares, with descriptions of new species. In: Godman, F.D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.) Biologia Centrali-Americana, Botany, vol. 3. R. H. Porter and Dulau & Co., London, pp. 1–711.
    INEGI (2017) Continuo de Elevaciones Mexicano 3.0 (CEM 3.0). México: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. Available from: https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/geo2/elevacionesmex/ (accessed 10 February 2023)
    IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed: 13 December 2022).
    Johnson, A.E. (2001) Las Orquídeas del Parque Nacional Iguazú. Fundación de Vida Silvestre Argentina, Literatura of Latin América (L.O.L.A.), Los Talleres Gráficos LUX S.A., Buenos Aires, 282 pp.
    Kunth, C.S. (1824) Nova Genera et Species Plantarum (quarto ed.) vol. 6. Lutetiae Parisiorum apud Gide Filium, Bibliopolam. Paris, 542 pp.
    Liebmann, F.M. (1854) Mödet den 19 de mai. Oversigt over det kongelige danske videnskabernes selskabs forhandlinger og dets medlemmers arbeider 5: 159–191.
    Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 1200 pp.
    Martínez, M. (1943) Una nueva especie de Pinus mexicano. Madroño 7: 4–8.
    McVaugh, R. (1985) Flora Novo-Galiciana Vol. 16. Orchidaceae. University of Michigan Press, Michigan, 363 pp.
    Medley, M.E. (1991) Notes on Cleistes and Triphora. Selbyana 12: 102–103.
    Medley, M.E. (1996) Notes on Collections of Triphora (Orchidaceae) from the American Tropics. Selbyana 17: 83–87.
    Medley, M.E. (2003) Triphora. In: Flora of North America Editorial Comittee (eds.) Flora of North America North of Mexico Online Vol 26. New York and Oxford. Available from: http://beta.floranorthamerica.org/Triphora (accessed 28 march 2023).
    Merckx, V.S., Freudenstein, J.V., Kissling, J., Christenhusz, M.J., Stotler, R.E., Crandall-Stotler, B., Eickett, N., Rudall, P.J., Mass-van de Kamer, H. & Maas, P.J. (2013) Taxonomy and classification. In: Merckx, V. (Ed.) Mycoheterotrophy: the biology of plants living on fungi. Springer, Basel, pp. 19–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5209-6_2
    Morrone, J.J., Escalante, T. & Rodríguez-Tapia, G. (2017) Mexican Biogeographic Provinces: Map and shapefiles. Zootaxa 4277: 277–279. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4277.2.8
    Nees, C.G. (1829) Agrostologia brasiliensis. Flora Brasiliensis seu enumeratio plantarum. 2: 1–608.
    Nuttall, T. (1818) The genera of North American Plants, and a Catalogue of the species to the year 1817. D. Heart, Philadelphia. 312 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.290
    POWO (2023) Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed: 14 January 2023).
    Presl, J. (1830) Berchtoldia bromoides. Reliquiae Haenkeanae 1: 324.
    Reichenbach, H.G. (1877) Orchidaceae roezliana novae seu criticae. Linnaea 41: 1–16.
    Rose, J.N. (1903) Studies of Mexican and Central American plants—No. 3. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 8: 1–55.
    Rothacker, E.P. (2005) Tribe Triphoreae. In: Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) Genera Orchidacearum. vol. 4: Epidendroideae part 1. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 607–618.
    Rydberg, P.A. (1901) Orchidaceae. In: Britton, N. L (Ed.) Manual of the Flora of the Northern States and Canada. Henry Holt and Company, New York. pp. 289–306.
    Schlechtendal, D.F.L. von (1838) Vorläufige Nachricht über die mexicanischen Coniferen. Linnaea 12: 486–496.
    Salinas-Rodríguez, M.M., Hernández-Sandoval, L., Carrillo-Reyes, P., Castillo-Gómez, H.A., Castro-Castro, A., Estrada-Castillón, E., Figueroa-Martínez, D.S., Gómez-Escamilla, I.N., González-Elizondo, M., Gutiérrez-Ortega, J.S., Hernández-Rendón, J., Munguía-Lino, G., De-Nova, J.A., Ortíz-Brunel, J.P., Rubio-Méndez, G., Ruíz-Sánchez, E., Sánchez-Sánchez, C., Sandoval-Mata, T.N., Soltero-Quintana, R., Steinmann, V., Valencia-A, S. & Zamudio-Ruíz, S. (2022) Diversidad de plantas vasculares de la provincia fisiográfica de la Sierra Madre Oriental, México. Botanical Sciences 100: 469–492. https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2864
    Schlechter, R. (1918) Orchidaceae novae et criticae. Repertorium novarum specixerum regni vegetabilis 15: 193–302. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19180151302
    Schlechter, R. (1920) Die orchideenfloren der südamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten, II. Colombia. Repertorium Specierum novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 7: 1–301.
    Schlechter, R. (1921) Orchidaceae novae et criticae. Repertorium novarum specixerum regni vegetabilis 17: 138–382. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19210170813
    Schlechter, R. (1925) Triphora hassleriana. Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt. Zweite Abteilung, Systematik, Pflanzengeographie, angewandte Botanik 42: 76.
    Solano-Gómez, R., Salazar-Chávez, G.A., Jiménez-Machorro, R., Hágsater, G.E. & Cruz-García, G. (2020) Actualización del catálogo de autoridades taxonómicas de Orchidaceae de México. Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Ciudad de México, 119 pp. Available from: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/institucion/proyectos/resultados/KT005_Anexo_listado_taxonomico.pdf (accessed 10 January 2023).
    Soto-Arenas, M.A. (1988) Listado actualizado de las orquídeas de Mexico. Orquídea 11: 233–272.
    Soto-Arenas, M.A., Hágsater, E., Jiménez-Machorro, R., Salazar, G.A., Solano, R., Flores, R. & Ruiz, I. (2007) Las Orquídeas de México-Catálogo Digital, CD-ROM. Herbario AMO, Mexico City.
    Soto-Calvo, M.A., Esperon, P. & Sauleda, R.P. (2021) A new species of Triphora Nuttall is described from Isla de La Juventud, Cuba. New World Orchidaceae—Nomenclatural Notes 96: 1–10.
    Szeszko, F.D.R. (2011) La Orquideoflora Mexiquense. Colección Mayor Estado de México: Patrimonio de Un Pueblo. Biblioteca Mexiquense del Bicentenario, Secretaría de Educación del Gobierno del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, 362 pp.
    Szlachetko, D.L. (1991) New taxa within the order Orchidales. Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica 26: 315–329. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02912751
    Szlachetko, D.L., Baranow, P. & Mytnik-Ejsmont, J. (2014) The genus Triphora (Triphoreae, Orchidaceae) in Colombia. Biodiversity Research and Conservation 34: 1–5. https://doi.org/10.2478/biorc-2014-0006
    Swartz, O. (1788) Nova Genera et Species Plantarum seu Prodromus. Holmiae, Upsaliae & Aboae, 150 pp.
    Swartz, O. (1800) Orchidernes. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar 21: 202–254.
    Thiers, B. (2023) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed: 14 January 2023).
    Trelease, W. (1924) The American Oaks. Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences 20: 1–255. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.142965
    Vieira, T.L, Hall, C.F. & de Barros, F. (2017) First record of Triphora Nutt. (Orchidaceae) for Northeastern Brazil. Hoehnea 44: 246–250. https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-108/2016
    Villaseñor, J.L. (2016) Checklist of the native vascular plants of México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559–902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.06.017
    Watson, S. (1890) Descriptions of new species of plants, from Northern Mexico, collected chiefly by Mr. C. G. Pringle, in 1888 and 1889. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 25: 141–163.
    Watson, S. (1891) A contribution to American botany. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 26: 124–176. https://doi.org/10.2307/20013481
    Willdenow, C.L. (1805) Species plantarum. Tomus IV, pars I. G.C. Nauk, Berlin, 629 pp. https://doi.org/10.2307/2394519
    Williams, L.O. (1946) Flora of Panama. Part III. Fascicle 2 (Orchidaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 33: 1–140. https://doi.org/10.2307/2394519
    Zuccarini, J.G. (1832) Beiblatter zur Flora. Flora 15: 1–104.
    Zuccarini, J.G. (1837) Plantarum novarum vel minus cognitarum, quae in horto botanico herbarioque region Monacensi servantur, II. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 2: 309–380.