Abstract
In this paper, Allium tianmuense is described as a new species based on morphological and molecular analyses, and its taxonomic relationships are discussed. It grows in the understorey of deciduous broad-leaved forests at 1000‒1500 m a.s.l. in Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang (southeast China). Morphological analysis indicates A. tianmuense should be classified into A. sect. Sacculiferum and is distinct from the common species A. thunbergii and A. chinense in the morphology of leaves, umbel, filaments and phenology. Nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) phylogenetic analysis further confirmed the inclusion of A. tianmuense within A. sect. Sacculiferum and revealed its distinction from all other species of this section representing a new species.
References
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Burland, T.G. (2000) DNASTAR’s Lasergene sequence analysis software. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Methods in Molecular Biology</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 132: 71–91. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-192-2:71</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Choi, H.J. & Oh, B.U. (2011) A partial revision of Allium (Amaryllidaceae) in Korea and north-eastern China. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 167: 153–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01166.x</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Don, G. (1827) A monograph of the genus </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Allium</em></span><span lang="en-GB">. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society</em></span><span lang="en-GB">, </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Edinburgh</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 6: 83–84. [1832].</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Fritsch, R. & Friesen, N. (2002) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Evolution, Domestication and Taxonomy</em></span><span lang="en-GB">. CABI International, pp. 5–30. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851995106.0005</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Gritzenko, P.P. (1979) Novye taksony v rode </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Allium</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> L. Nauchno-Tekhn. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Byull. Vsesoyusn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N.I. Vavilova</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 87: 22–24.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Hassler, M. (2022) World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 14.3; Last Update November 10th, 2022. Available from: http://www.worldplants.de (accessed: 30 Nov. 2022).</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Herden, T., Hanelt, P. & Friesen, N. (2016) Phylogeny of </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Allium</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> L. subgenus </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Anguinum</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (G. Don. ex W.D.J. Koch) N. Friesen (Amaryllidaceae). </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 95: 79–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.11.004</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Huang, D.Q., Zhen, A.G. & Zhu, X.X. (2021) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Allium yingshanense</em></span><span lang="en-GB">, a new species from the Dabie Mountains (east-central China), and taxonomic remarks on the related species. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Phytotaxa</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 498: 227–241. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.498.4.1</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Jeanmougin, F., Thompson, J.D., Gouy, M., Higgins, D.G. & Gibson, T.J. (1998) Multiple sequence alignment with Clustal X. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Trends in Biochemical Sciences</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 23: 403–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0968-0004(98)01285-7</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Jie, L.M., Liu, J.Q., Guo, X.L., Xiao, Q.Y. & Jin, H.X. (2019) Taxonomic revision of </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Allium cyathophorum</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Amaryllidaceae). </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Phytotaxa</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 415: 240–246. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.415.4.9</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Li, Q.Q., Zhou, S.D., He, X.J., Yu, Y., Zhang, Y.C. & Wei, X.Q. (2010) Phylogeny and biogeography of </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Allium</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Amaryllidaceae: Allieae) based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast rps16 sequences, focusing on the inclusion of species endemic to China. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Annals of Botany</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 106: 709–733. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcq177</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Linnaeus, C. (1753) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Species Plantarum</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 1. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae [Stockholm], 560 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Nei, M. & Kumar, S. (2000) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics</em></span><span lang="en-GB">. Oxford University Press, New York, 126 pp.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Seregin, A.P., Anačkov, G. & Friesen, N. (2015) Molecular and morphological revision of the </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Allium saxatile</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> group (Amaryllidaceae): geographical isolation as the driving force of underestimated speciation. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society </em></span><span lang="en-GB">178: 67–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12269</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Shukherdorj, B., Jang, J.E., Duchoslav, M. & Choi, H.J. (2018) Cytotype distribution and ecology of </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Allium thunbergii</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (= </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>A. sacculiferum</em></span><span lang="en-GB">) with a special reference to South Korean populations. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 48: 278–288. https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2018.48.4.278</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Tamura, K. & Nei, M. (1993) Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 10: 512–526. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040023</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Tamura, K., Stecher, G. & Kumar, S. (2021) MEGA11: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 38: 3022–3027. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab120</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>In: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications</em></span><span lang="en-GB">. pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Xie, D.F., Xie, F.M., Jia, S.B., Li, H., Yang, X., Zhang, X.Y., Zhou, S.D. & He, X.J. (2020) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Allium xinlongense</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (Amaryllidaceae, Allioideae), a new species from western Sichuan. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Phytotaxa</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 432: 274–282. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.432.3.4</span></span></span></span></p>