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Type: Article
Published: 2023-02-02
Page range: 153–162
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Floral ontogeny of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) species provides insights into floral evolution but does not possess taxonomic value at the genus level

Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
Magnoliids Classification of Magnolia floral organogenesis floral evolutionary trends Magnolia subgenus Yulania Michelia Polycarpicae Yulania

Abstract

Floral ontogeny can assist in understanding formation of mature floral structure and provide taxonomic and evolutionary insights at the species and genus level. In this study, floral ontogeny of Magnolia liliiflora, M. maudiae and M. figo was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that tepal primordia of these species are initiated asynchronously in whorls, whereas stamen and carpel primordia are initiated spirally and centripetally. Variation in tepal number in M. maudiae was also observed at the early stage of differentiation. Our study demonstrates that floral ontogeny is remarkably homogenous in Magnoliaceae, and thus it cannot serve as a basis for classification at the genus or lower taxonomic levels. Nonetheless, the transition of floral development from typical spiral flowers to typical whorled flowers is of great significance for understanding evolution of angiosperm flowers.

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