Abstract
Aspidosperma is one of the most diverse and economically relevant taxa within Apocynaceae, leading to several taxonomic studies being carried out with the genus. However, since its species number varies widely depending on the treatment, questions regarding which species ought to be recognized in the genus are frequent. We addressed all names and designations in Aspidosperma and proposed 19 new synonyms, six neotypes, 59 lectotypes, and 15 second-step lectotypes. We also created an online interactive identification key for the 80 recognized species of Aspidosperma.
References
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Allemão, F.F.C. (1845) Apocynea. <em>Archivo medico brasileiro</em> 2: 73–79.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Allorge, L. & Poupat, C. (1991) Position systématique et révision du genre <em>Aspidosperma </em>(Apocynaceae) pour les trios Guyanes: le point sur leur étude chimique. <em>Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France</em>, <em>Lettres Botanique</em> 138: 267–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/01811797.1991.10824931 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Alves-Silva, J.W., Pereira, A.S. de S., Coutinho, T.S. & Castello, A.C.D. (2021) <em>Aspidosperma dardanoanum</em> (Apocynaceae), a new species spanning from the Atlantic Forest into the Caatinga (Northeast Region, Brazil). <em>Phytotaxa </em>491: 271–280. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.491.4.2</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Aquino, P.G.V., Aquino, T.M., Alexandre-Moreira, M.S., Santos, B.V.O., Santana, A.E.G. & Araújo-Júnior, J.X. (2014) <em>Aspidosperma</em> terpenoid alkaloids –Biosynthetic origin, chemical synthesis and importance. <em>In</em>: Rao, V. & Rao, L.G. (Eds.) <em>Phytochemicals – Isolation, characterisation and role in human health</em>. InTech, Rijeka, pp. 163–184. https://doi.org/10.5772/59758</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">de Araújo, D.P., Nogueira, P.C.N., Santos, A.D.C., Costa, R.O., de Lucena, J.D., Gadelha-Filho, J.C.V., Lima, F.A.V., Neves, K.R.T., Leal, L.K.A.M., Silveira, E.R. & Viana, G.S.B. (2018) <em>Aspidosperma pyrifolium</em> Mart: neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in a Parkinson’s disease model in rats. <em>Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology</em> 70: 787–796. https://doi.org/10.1111/jphp.12866</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Azambuja, D. (1946) Nova Apocynaceae do Brasil. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 10: 51–55.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Azambuja, D. (1948) Novas Apocynaceae encontradas no Brasil. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 10: 117–119.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Baillon, H.E. (1888) Types nouveaux d’Apocynacées. <em>Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Paris</em> 1: 747–752.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barbosa, C.V. de O., Pereira, A.S. de S., Viana, P.L. & Simões, A.O. (2019) A taxonomic revision of <em>Geissospermum </em>(Apocynaceae, rauvolfioid). <em>Phytotaxa </em>420: 157–178. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.420.2.3 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bentham, G. (1841) Contributions towards a flora of South America – Enumeration of plants collected by Mr. Schomburgk, in British Guiana. <em>Journal of Botany</em>,<em> being a second series of the Botanical Miscellany</em> 3: 212–250.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bentham, G. (1876) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Bentham, G. & Hooker, J.D. (Eds.) <em>Genera plantarum</em>, vol. 2, part. 2. Reeve & Co.-Williams & Norgate, London, pp. 681−728.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Brenan, J.P.M. (1981) <em>Index kewensis plantarum phanerogamarum</em>, suppl. 16. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 309 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">de Candolle, A.L.P.P. (1844) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Candolle, A.P. & Candolle, A.L.P.P. (Eds.) <em>Prodomus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis</em>, vol. 8. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, pp. 317−489.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">de Candolle, A.P. de (1824) <em>Prodomus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis</em>, vol. 1. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, 745 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Castello, A.C.D., Pereira, A.S. de S., Messias, P.A., Scudeler, A.L., Moura, Y.A. & Koch, I. (2018) Two new species of <em>Aspidosperma</em> (Apocynaceae) from Northeast Brazil and a monograph of the species from Ceará State. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 43: 1030–1045. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364418X697742</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Castello, A.C.D., Pereira, A.S. de S., Simões, A.O. & Koch, I. (2022) <em>Aspidosperma</em>. Flora e Funga do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB4520 (accessed 16 May 2022).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cremers, G. (2001) Transfer of holotypes from CAY in French Guiana to P in France. <em>Taxon</em> 50: 293–296. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1996-8175.2001.tb05619.x</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">van Dam, J.A.C. (2002) The Guyanan plant collections of Robert and Richard Schomburgk. <em>In</em>: Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. (Ed.) <em>Flora of the Guianas</em>, Supplementary series, fasc. 3. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp. 1–211.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dolabela, M.F., Póvoa, M.M., Brandão, G.C., Rocha, F.D., Soares, L.F., Paula, R.C. & Oliveira, A.B. (2015) <em>Aspidosperma</em> species as sources of anti-malarials: uleine is the major anti-malarial indole alkaloid from <em>Aspidosperma parvifolium</em> (Apocynaceae). <em>Malaria Journal </em>14: 498. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0997-4</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1968) Contribuição para o conhecimento de novas espécies do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>, dos estados de Minas, Goiás e Bahia. <em>Boletim do Museu de História Natural da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais</em>, <em>Botanica</em> 1: 1–23. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1970) Contribuição para uma revisão do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>. <em>Anais da Acadêmia Brasileira de Ciências </em>42: 289–327. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1972) Uma nova espécie de <em>Aspidosperma </em>da Amazônia. <em>Acta Amazonica </em>2: 29–31. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1973) Duas novas espécies da flora dos estudos do Espírito Santo e Goiás. <em>Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro</em> 19: 217–222.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1974–1976a) Da semente do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>. <em>Oréades </em>7–9: 34–35. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1974–1976b) Considerações sobre os frutos dos Aspidospermas. <em>Oréades </em>7–9: 36–38. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1978) Dando continuidade aos nossos estudos de revisão do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>, apresentaremos mais três espécies da série VI <em>Nitida</em>, que ocorrem na flora extra-amazônica. <em>Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro</em> 23: 135–143. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1980a) O problema da especiação no gênero <em>Aspidosperma </em>(Apocynaceae). <em>Rodriguésia </em>32: 5–8. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-78601980325301</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1980b) Série <em>Nobiles </em>Woodson (Apocynaceae). <em>Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro </em>24: 5–11. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ducke, A. (1922) Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la région amazoniénne: II partie. <em>Archivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro</em> 3: 3–272. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ducke, A. (1938) Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la région amazoniénne (X<sup>e</sup> série). <em>Archivos do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal</em> 4: 1–64.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Elsam, J.E., Mereles, F., Peña-Chocarro, M. & Céspedes, G. (2021) Restableciento de <em>Aspidosperma quirandy </em>(Apocynaceae) como especie diferente de <em>A</em>. <em>tomentosum </em>y notas sobre su presencia em Paraguay. <em>Bonplandia</em> 30: 27–35. https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.3014588</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Endlicher, S. (1840) <em>Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita</em>. Fr. Beck Universitatis Bibliopolam, Vienna, 1484 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Endress, M.E., Liede-Schumann, S. & Meve, U. (2014) An updated classification for Apocynaceae. <em>Phytotaxa </em>91: 175–194. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.159.3.2 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ezcurra, C. (1981) Revisión de las apocináceas de la Argentina. <em>Darwiniana</em> 23: 367–474. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fallen, M. (1981) (558) Proposal to add <em>Coutinia </em>Vell. (1799) as a <em>nomen rejiciendum</em> under <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. & Zucc. (1824), <em>nom. cons.</em> (Apocynaceae). <em>Taxon </em>30: 337–338. https://doi.org/10.2307/1219425 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ferrer-Gallego, P.P. & Laguna, E. (2018) Apuntes sobre la nomenclatura de <em>Centaurea prolongoi</em> Boiss. ex DC. (Asteraceae). <em>Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural</em> 112: 47–51. https://doi.org/10.29077/bol/112/ce05_ferrer</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gentry, A.H. (1984) New species and combinations in Apocynaceae from Peru and adjacent Amazonia. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 71: 1075–1081. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399244</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Handro, O. (1962) Notas sobre algumas espécies de <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. & Zucc. <em>Arquivos de Botanica do Estado de São Paulo </em>3: 279–285. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Harms, H. (1904) Vorschlag zur Ergänzung der “Lois de la nomenclature botanique de 1867”, dem in Wien 1905 tagenden nomenclatur-kongreß zur annahme empfohlen. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 4: 1–37. https://doi.org/10.2307/3993987 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hassler, E. (1913) Ex herbario Hassleriano: novitates paraguarienses XVIII. <em>Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis </em>12: 257–278. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19130121703</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Herter, W.G. (1945) Auf den spuren der naturforscher Sellow und Saint-Hilaire. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie </em>74: 119–149.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hind, D.J.N. (2012) <em>George Gardner’s catalogue of Brazilian plants: a transcription of George Gardner’s manuscript</em>. Available from: http://www.kew.org/science/tropamerica/gardner/catalogue.html (accessed 29 Mar 2021)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Huber, J.E. (1910) Mattas e madeiras amazonicas: III. <em>Boletim do Museu Goeldi (Museu Paraense) de Historia Natural e Ethnographia </em>6: 91–225. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">von Humboldt, F.W.H.A., Bonpland, A.J.A. & Kunth, K.S. (1825) <em>Nova genera et species plantarum</em>, vol. 7, ed. qu. Ex officina Christophori Plantini, Antwerp, 506 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuhlmann, J.G. (1935) Novas espécies botânicas da Hyléa (Amazonia) e do Rio Doce (Espírito Santo). <em>Archivos do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal</em> 2: 83–96.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuhlmann, J.G. (1940) Espécies novas equatoriais e tropocais orientais brasileiras. <em>Anais Reunião Sul-Americana de Botânica</em> 3: 75–92.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuhlmann, J.G. & Pirajá da Silva, M.A. (1925) Contribuição para melhor conhecimento de uma espécie Velloziana do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>, Apocynaceae. <em>Archivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro </em>4: 375–378. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuntze, O. (1891) <em>Revisio generum plantarum</em>, vol. 2. A. Felix, Leipzig, 1011 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lorenzi, H. (2009) <em>Árvores brasileiras: manual de identificação e cultivo de plantas arbóreas nativas do Brasil</em>, vol. 2, 3rd ed. Instituto Plantarum, Nova Odessa, 384 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Maguire, B. & Wurdack, J.J. (1958) The botany of the Guayana Highland – part III. <em>Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden</em> 10: 1–156.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Maguire, B. & Wurdack, J.J. (1961) The botany of the Guayana Highland – part IV. <em>Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden</em> 10: 1–87.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Malme, G.O.A. (1927) Die Apozynazeen der zweiten Regnellsehen. <em>Arkiv för Botanik</em> 21A: 1–11.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marcondes-Ferreira, W. (1988) Aspidosperma<em> Mart., nom. cons. (Apocynaceae): estudos taxonômicos</em>, PhD thesis. University of Campinas, Campinas, 453 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marcondes-Ferreira, W. (1991) Novos taxa para o gênero <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart., <em>nom. cons. </em>(Apocynaceae). <em>Revista Brasileira de Botânica </em>[= <em>Brazilian Journal of Botany</em>] 14: 127–132.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marcondes-Ferreira, W. (1999) A new species of <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. (Apocynaceae) from Bahia, Brazil. <em>Brittonia </em>51: 74–76. https://doi.org/10.2307/2666559 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marcondes-Ferreira, W. & Kinoshita, L.S. (1996) Uma nova divisão infragenérica para <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. (Apocynaceae). <em>Revista Brasileira de Botânica </em>[= <em>Brazilian Journal of Botany</em>] 19: 203–214.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1923) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Hassler, E. (Ed.) Plantae Lützelburgianae brasiliensis I. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 8: 427.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1924) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 9: 77–90. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994432</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1933) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Pilger, R.K.F. (Ed.) Neue arten aus dem tropischen Amerika. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 11: 787. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994688</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1935a) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika VI. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 12: 553–561. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994850</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1935b) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika V. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 12: 295–301. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994890</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1937) Die gattung <em>Paralyxia </em>Baill. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 13: 456–459. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994829 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1938) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika VII.<em> Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem </em>14: 128–132. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994936</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1940) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika VIII.<em> Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem </em>15: 131–136. https://doi.org/10.2307/3995102</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1971) New Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae from Venezuela.<em> Acta Botanica Venezuelica </em>6: 65–76. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martius, C.F.P. (1824) <em>Nova genera et species plantarum</em>, vol. 1. Typis Lindaueri, Munich, 158 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martius, C.F.P. (1838) Martii herbarium florae brasiliensis – Continuatio. <em>Flora</em> 21: 49–96.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martius, C.F.P. & Zuccarini, J.G. (1824) Ankündigung der fortsetzung eines werkes über brasilianische pflanzen. <em>Flora </em>7: 129–142.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Matuda, E. (1950) Studies on the flora of Chiapas, Mexico – VI. <em>Madroño</em> 10: 166–176.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Meyer, E. (1955) <em>The genus </em>Vallesia<em>, a systematic study</em>, M.S. thesis. University of Washington, St. Louis, 46 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Miers, J. (1878) <em>On the Apocynaceae of South America, with some preliminary remarks on the whole family</em>. Williams and Norgate, London, 291 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.164</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">de Moraes, P.L.R. (2008) The lauraceous collection of Friedrich Sellow. <em>Komarovia </em>6: 1–67.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Morales, J.F. (2010) La familia Apocynaceae <em>s. str.</em> (Apocynoideae, Rauvolfioideae) en Uruguay. <em>Darwiniana</em> 48: 68–86.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Morales, J.F. & Zamora, N.A. (2017) A synopsis of <em>Aspidosperma </em>(Apocynaceae) in Mexico and Central America with a taxonomic clarification of <em>Aspidosperma cruentum </em>and a new cryptic species. <em>Phytoneuron </em>2017–68: 1–13. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Müller-Argoviensis, J. (1860a) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Martius, C.F.P. (Ed.) <em>Flora brasiliensis</em>, vol. 6, part. 1. F. Fleischer, Leipzig, pp. 1−195.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Müller-Argoviensis, J. (1860b) Species novae nonnullae americanae ex ordine Apocynearum et observationes quaedam in species generis Echitis auctorum earumque distributio in genera emendata et nova. <em>Linnaea</em> 30: 387–454.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Müller-Argoviensis, J. (1869) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Warming, J.E.B. (Ed.) Symbolae ad floram brasiliae centralis cognoscendam. <em>Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjøbenhavn</em> 1869: 98–116.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pereira, A.S. de S., Castello, A.C.D., Simões, A.O. & Koch, I. (2019) Reestablishment, new records, and a key for the species of <em>Aspidosperma </em>(Apocynaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon. <em>Acta Botanica Brasilica </em>33: 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062018abb0168 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pereira, M.M., Jácome, R.L.R.P., Alcântara, A.F.C., Alves, R.B. & Raslan, D.S. (2007) Alcalóides indólicos isolados de espécies do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em> (Apocynaceae). <em>Química Nova </em>30: 970–983. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422007000400037</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pichon, M. (1947) Classification des Apocynacées: VII, genre <em>Aspidosperma</em>. <em>Bulletin du Museìum national d’histoire naturelle</em>,<em> sér. 2</em> 19: 362–369. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pichon, M. (1948) Classification des Apocynacées: IX, Rauvolfiées, Alstoniées, Allamandées et Tabernémontanoidées. <em>Mémoires du Museum national d’histoire</em> <em>naturelle</em>,<em> sér. Nouvelle </em>27: 153–251.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pignal, M., Romaniuc-Neto, S., de Souza, S., Chagnoux, S. & Lange Canhos, D.A. (2013) Saint-Hilaire virtual herbarium, a new upgradeable tool to study Brazilian botany. <em>Adansonia</em>, <em>sér. 3</em> 35: 7–18. https://doi.org/10.5252/a2013n1a1</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pittier, H.F. (1926) <em>Manual de las plantas usuales de Venezuela</em>. Litografía del Comerico, Caracas, 458 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Potgieter, K. (1999) <em>Phylogenetic study of Apocynaceae Juss. and </em>Aspidosperma<em> Mart. & Zucc.</em>, PhD thesis. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 530 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rizzini, C.T. & Mattos Filho, A. (1986–1987) In Memoriam – Apparício Pereira Duarte. <em>Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro </em>28: 189–192. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rojas-Acosta, N. (1913) <em>Essai d’une thérapeutique végétale de Corrientes</em>. Estanislao Dupuis, Resistencia, 53 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ruiz, H.L. & Pavón, J.A. (1794) <em>Florae peruvianae, et chilensis prodromus, sive, novorum generum plantarum peruvianarum et chilensium descriptiones, et icones</em>. Imprenta de Sancha, Madrid, 154 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rusby, H.H. (1912) New species from Bolivia, collected by R. S. Williams – 2. <em>Bulletin of The New York Botanical Garden</em> 8: 89–135.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rusby, H.H. (1920) <em>Descriptions of three hundred new species of South American plants</em>. Henry Hurd Rusby, New York, 170 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Saldanha da Gama, J. (1874) Notes sur quelques arbres employés dans l’industrie brésilienne. <em>Annales des Sciences Naturelles</em>,<em> Botanique</em>,<em> sér. 5 </em>19: 210–218. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Saldanha da Gama, J. (1874) Notes sur quelques arbres employés dans l’industrie brésilienne. <em>Annales des Sciences Naturelles</em>,<em> Botanique</em>,<em> sér. 5 </em>19: 210–218. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Saldanha da Gama, J. (1875) Biographia e apreciação dos trabalhos do botanico brasileiro Francisco Freire Allemão. <em>Revista Trimestral IHGEB</em> 38: 51–126.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schumann, K.M. (1895) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (Eds.) <em>Die natürlichen pflanzenfamilien</em>, vol. 4. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 109−189.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schumann, K.M. (1901) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Urban, I. (Ed.) Plantae novae americanae imprimis Glaziovianae. III. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> 30: 30−31.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Silveira, A.A. (1921) Especies novae civitatis Minas Gerais. <em>Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro</em> 23: 159–171. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Simões, A.O., Kinoshita, L.S., Koch, I., Silva, J.S. & Endress, M.E. (2016) Systematics and character evolution of Vinceae (Apocynaceae, Rauvolfioideae). <em>Taxon </em>65: 99–122. https://doi.org/10.12705/651.7 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Simões, A.O., Livshultz, T., Conti, E. & Endress, M.E. (2007) Phylogeny and systematics of the Rauvolfioideae (Apocynaceae) based on molecular and morphological evidence. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 94: 268–297. https://doi.org/10.3417/0026-6493(2007)94[268:PASOTR]2.0.CO;2</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Spegazzini, C.L. (1917) Ramillete de plantas argentinas nuevas o interesantes (Conclusion). <em>Physis </em>3: 325–351.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Spegazzini, C.L. & Girola, C.D. (1910) <em>Cataìlogo descriptivo de las maderas: que se exhibieron en la Exposicioìn Internacional de Agricultura de 1910</em>. Sociedad Rural Argentina, Buenos Aires, 413 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Standley, P.C. (1933) The colombian species of <em>Aspidosperma</em> and <em>Tabebuia</em>. <em>Tropical Woods</em> 36: 13–20.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stafleu, F.A. & Cowan, R.S. (1981) <em>Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types</em>, vol. 3, 2nd ed. Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht, 980 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tanaka, J.C.A., da Silva, C.C., Ferreira, I.C., Machado, G.M., Leon, L.L. & de Oliveira, A.J. (2007) Antileishmanial activity of indole alkaloids from <em>Aspidosperma</em> <em>ramiflorum</em>. <em>Phytomedicine</em> 14: 377–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2006.09.002</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Thiers, B. (2022+) [continuously updated] <em>Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. New York Botanical Garden’s virtual herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 29 Mar 2021). </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code)</em> <em>adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em> [= <em>Regnum Vegetabile 159</em>]. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Urban, I. (1906) Vitae itineraque collectorum botanicorum. <em>In</em>: Martius, C.F.P., Eichler, A.G. & Urban, I. (Eds.) <em>Flora brasiliensis</em>, vol. 1, part. 1. R. Oldenbourg, Munich, pp. 105–111. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vahl, J.L.M. (1810) Beskrivelse over nye planteslægter. <em>Skrifter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet</em> 6: 84–128. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vellozo, J.M.C. (1799) <em>Quinografia portugueza</em>. Impressor da Santa Igreja Patriarcal, Lisbon, 191 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vignes-Lebbe, R., Bouquin, S., Kerner, A. & Bourdon, E. (2017) Desktop or remote knowledge base management systems for taxonomic data and identification keys: Xper2 and Xper3. <em>Proceedings of TDWG</em> 1: e19911. https://doi.org/10.3897/tdwgproceedings.1.19911</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wiersema, J.H., Turland, N.J., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017 </em>[= <em>Regnum Vegetabile 159</em>], apps. I–VII. Available from: https://naturalhistory2.si.edu/botany/codes-proposals/ (accessed 29 Mar 2021). https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Williams, J.K, (1995) Miscellaneous notes on <em>Haplophyton</em> (Apocynaceae: Plumerieae: Haplophytinae). <em>Sida</em> 16: 469–475.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Williams, L.O. (1967) Tropical American plants, VIII. <em>Fieldiana</em>,<em> Botany</em> 31: 247–269. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2439</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Woodson, R.E. (1934) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Cufodontis, G. (Ed.) Risultati della spedizione biologica Austriaca in Costarica nel 1930. <em>Archivio Botanico per la Sistematica, Fitogeografia e Genetica e Bulletino dell’ Istituto Botanico della r. Universita de Modena </em>10: 38–41.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Woodson, R.E. (1951) Studies in the Apocynaceae VIII: an interim revision of the genus <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. & Zucc. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 38: 119–204. https://doi.org/10.2307/2394433 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Zarucchi, J.L. (1995) <em>Microplumeria </em>Baill. <em>In</em>: Berry, P.E., Holst, B.K. & Yatskievych, K. (Eds.) <em>Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana</em>, vol. 2. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 531−532.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Allorge, L. & Poupat, C. (1991) Position systématique et révision du genre <em>Aspidosperma </em>(Apocynaceae) pour les trios Guyanes: le point sur leur étude chimique. <em>Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France</em>, <em>Lettres Botanique</em> 138: 267–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/01811797.1991.10824931 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Alves-Silva, J.W., Pereira, A.S. de S., Coutinho, T.S. & Castello, A.C.D. (2021) <em>Aspidosperma dardanoanum</em> (Apocynaceae), a new species spanning from the Atlantic Forest into the Caatinga (Northeast Region, Brazil). <em>Phytotaxa </em>491: 271–280. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.491.4.2</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Aquino, P.G.V., Aquino, T.M., Alexandre-Moreira, M.S., Santos, B.V.O., Santana, A.E.G. & Araújo-Júnior, J.X. (2014) <em>Aspidosperma</em> terpenoid alkaloids –Biosynthetic origin, chemical synthesis and importance. <em>In</em>: Rao, V. & Rao, L.G. (Eds.) <em>Phytochemicals – Isolation, characterisation and role in human health</em>. InTech, Rijeka, pp. 163–184. https://doi.org/10.5772/59758</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">de Araújo, D.P., Nogueira, P.C.N., Santos, A.D.C., Costa, R.O., de Lucena, J.D., Gadelha-Filho, J.C.V., Lima, F.A.V., Neves, K.R.T., Leal, L.K.A.M., Silveira, E.R. & Viana, G.S.B. (2018) <em>Aspidosperma pyrifolium</em> Mart: neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in a Parkinson’s disease model in rats. <em>Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology</em> 70: 787–796. https://doi.org/10.1111/jphp.12866</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Azambuja, D. (1946) Nova Apocynaceae do Brasil. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 10: 51–55.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Azambuja, D. (1948) Novas Apocynaceae encontradas no Brasil. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 10: 117–119.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Baillon, H.E. (1888) Types nouveaux d’Apocynacées. <em>Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Paris</em> 1: 747–752.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barbosa, C.V. de O., Pereira, A.S. de S., Viana, P.L. & Simões, A.O. (2019) A taxonomic revision of <em>Geissospermum </em>(Apocynaceae, rauvolfioid). <em>Phytotaxa </em>420: 157–178. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.420.2.3 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bentham, G. (1841) Contributions towards a flora of South America – Enumeration of plants collected by Mr. Schomburgk, in British Guiana. <em>Journal of Botany</em>,<em> being a second series of the Botanical Miscellany</em> 3: 212–250.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bentham, G. (1876) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Bentham, G. & Hooker, J.D. (Eds.) <em>Genera plantarum</em>, vol. 2, part. 2. Reeve & Co.-Williams & Norgate, London, pp. 681−728.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Brenan, J.P.M. (1981) <em>Index kewensis plantarum phanerogamarum</em>, suppl. 16. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 309 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">de Candolle, A.L.P.P. (1844) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Candolle, A.P. & Candolle, A.L.P.P. (Eds.) <em>Prodomus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis</em>, vol. 8. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, pp. 317−489.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">de Candolle, A.P. de (1824) <em>Prodomus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis</em>, vol. 1. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, 745 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Castello, A.C.D., Pereira, A.S. de S., Messias, P.A., Scudeler, A.L., Moura, Y.A. & Koch, I. (2018) Two new species of <em>Aspidosperma</em> (Apocynaceae) from Northeast Brazil and a monograph of the species from Ceará State. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 43: 1030–1045. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364418X697742</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Castello, A.C.D., Pereira, A.S. de S., Simões, A.O. & Koch, I. (2022) <em>Aspidosperma</em>. Flora e Funga do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB4520 (accessed 16 May 2022).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cremers, G. (2001) Transfer of holotypes from CAY in French Guiana to P in France. <em>Taxon</em> 50: 293–296. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1996-8175.2001.tb05619.x</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">van Dam, J.A.C. (2002) The Guyanan plant collections of Robert and Richard Schomburgk. <em>In</em>: Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. (Ed.) <em>Flora of the Guianas</em>, Supplementary series, fasc. 3. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp. 1–211.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dolabela, M.F., Póvoa, M.M., Brandão, G.C., Rocha, F.D., Soares, L.F., Paula, R.C. & Oliveira, A.B. (2015) <em>Aspidosperma</em> species as sources of anti-malarials: uleine is the major anti-malarial indole alkaloid from <em>Aspidosperma parvifolium</em> (Apocynaceae). <em>Malaria Journal </em>14: 498. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0997-4</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1968) Contribuição para o conhecimento de novas espécies do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>, dos estados de Minas, Goiás e Bahia. <em>Boletim do Museu de História Natural da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais</em>, <em>Botanica</em> 1: 1–23. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1970) Contribuição para uma revisão do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>. <em>Anais da Acadêmia Brasileira de Ciências </em>42: 289–327. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1972) Uma nova espécie de <em>Aspidosperma </em>da Amazônia. <em>Acta Amazonica </em>2: 29–31. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1973) Duas novas espécies da flora dos estudos do Espírito Santo e Goiás. <em>Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro</em> 19: 217–222.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1974–1976a) Da semente do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>. <em>Oréades </em>7–9: 34–35. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1974–1976b) Considerações sobre os frutos dos Aspidospermas. <em>Oréades </em>7–9: 36–38. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1978) Dando continuidade aos nossos estudos de revisão do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>, apresentaremos mais três espécies da série VI <em>Nitida</em>, que ocorrem na flora extra-amazônica. <em>Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro</em> 23: 135–143. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1980a) O problema da especiação no gênero <em>Aspidosperma </em>(Apocynaceae). <em>Rodriguésia </em>32: 5–8. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-78601980325301</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duarte, A.P. (1980b) Série <em>Nobiles </em>Woodson (Apocynaceae). <em>Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro </em>24: 5–11. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ducke, A. (1922) Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la région amazoniénne: II partie. <em>Archivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro</em> 3: 3–272. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ducke, A. (1938) Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la région amazoniénne (X<sup>e</sup> série). <em>Archivos do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal</em> 4: 1–64.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Elsam, J.E., Mereles, F., Peña-Chocarro, M. & Céspedes, G. (2021) Restableciento de <em>Aspidosperma quirandy </em>(Apocynaceae) como especie diferente de <em>A</em>. <em>tomentosum </em>y notas sobre su presencia em Paraguay. <em>Bonplandia</em> 30: 27–35. https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.3014588</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Endlicher, S. (1840) <em>Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita</em>. Fr. Beck Universitatis Bibliopolam, Vienna, 1484 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Endress, M.E., Liede-Schumann, S. & Meve, U. (2014) An updated classification for Apocynaceae. <em>Phytotaxa </em>91: 175–194. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.159.3.2 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ezcurra, C. (1981) Revisión de las apocináceas de la Argentina. <em>Darwiniana</em> 23: 367–474. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fallen, M. (1981) (558) Proposal to add <em>Coutinia </em>Vell. (1799) as a <em>nomen rejiciendum</em> under <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. & Zucc. (1824), <em>nom. cons.</em> (Apocynaceae). <em>Taxon </em>30: 337–338. https://doi.org/10.2307/1219425 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ferrer-Gallego, P.P. & Laguna, E. (2018) Apuntes sobre la nomenclatura de <em>Centaurea prolongoi</em> Boiss. ex DC. (Asteraceae). <em>Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural</em> 112: 47–51. https://doi.org/10.29077/bol/112/ce05_ferrer</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gentry, A.H. (1984) New species and combinations in Apocynaceae from Peru and adjacent Amazonia. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 71: 1075–1081. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399244</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Handro, O. (1962) Notas sobre algumas espécies de <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. & Zucc. <em>Arquivos de Botanica do Estado de São Paulo </em>3: 279–285. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Harms, H. (1904) Vorschlag zur Ergänzung der “Lois de la nomenclature botanique de 1867”, dem in Wien 1905 tagenden nomenclatur-kongreß zur annahme empfohlen. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 4: 1–37. https://doi.org/10.2307/3993987 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hassler, E. (1913) Ex herbario Hassleriano: novitates paraguarienses XVIII. <em>Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis </em>12: 257–278. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19130121703</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Herter, W.G. (1945) Auf den spuren der naturforscher Sellow und Saint-Hilaire. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie </em>74: 119–149.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hind, D.J.N. (2012) <em>George Gardner’s catalogue of Brazilian plants: a transcription of George Gardner’s manuscript</em>. Available from: http://www.kew.org/science/tropamerica/gardner/catalogue.html (accessed 29 Mar 2021)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Huber, J.E. (1910) Mattas e madeiras amazonicas: III. <em>Boletim do Museu Goeldi (Museu Paraense) de Historia Natural e Ethnographia </em>6: 91–225. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">von Humboldt, F.W.H.A., Bonpland, A.J.A. & Kunth, K.S. (1825) <em>Nova genera et species plantarum</em>, vol. 7, ed. qu. Ex officina Christophori Plantini, Antwerp, 506 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuhlmann, J.G. (1935) Novas espécies botânicas da Hyléa (Amazonia) e do Rio Doce (Espírito Santo). <em>Archivos do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal</em> 2: 83–96.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuhlmann, J.G. (1940) Espécies novas equatoriais e tropocais orientais brasileiras. <em>Anais Reunião Sul-Americana de Botânica</em> 3: 75–92.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuhlmann, J.G. & Pirajá da Silva, M.A. (1925) Contribuição para melhor conhecimento de uma espécie Velloziana do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em>, Apocynaceae. <em>Archivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro </em>4: 375–378. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuntze, O. (1891) <em>Revisio generum plantarum</em>, vol. 2. A. Felix, Leipzig, 1011 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lorenzi, H. (2009) <em>Árvores brasileiras: manual de identificação e cultivo de plantas arbóreas nativas do Brasil</em>, vol. 2, 3rd ed. Instituto Plantarum, Nova Odessa, 384 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Maguire, B. & Wurdack, J.J. (1958) The botany of the Guayana Highland – part III. <em>Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden</em> 10: 1–156.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Maguire, B. & Wurdack, J.J. (1961) The botany of the Guayana Highland – part IV. <em>Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden</em> 10: 1–87.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Malme, G.O.A. (1927) Die Apozynazeen der zweiten Regnellsehen. <em>Arkiv för Botanik</em> 21A: 1–11.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marcondes-Ferreira, W. (1988) Aspidosperma<em> Mart., nom. cons. (Apocynaceae): estudos taxonômicos</em>, PhD thesis. University of Campinas, Campinas, 453 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marcondes-Ferreira, W. (1991) Novos taxa para o gênero <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart., <em>nom. cons. </em>(Apocynaceae). <em>Revista Brasileira de Botânica </em>[= <em>Brazilian Journal of Botany</em>] 14: 127–132.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marcondes-Ferreira, W. (1999) A new species of <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. (Apocynaceae) from Bahia, Brazil. <em>Brittonia </em>51: 74–76. https://doi.org/10.2307/2666559 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marcondes-Ferreira, W. & Kinoshita, L.S. (1996) Uma nova divisão infragenérica para <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. (Apocynaceae). <em>Revista Brasileira de Botânica </em>[= <em>Brazilian Journal of Botany</em>] 19: 203–214.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1923) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Hassler, E. (Ed.) Plantae Lützelburgianae brasiliensis I. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 8: 427.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1924) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 9: 77–90. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994432</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1933) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Pilger, R.K.F. (Ed.) Neue arten aus dem tropischen Amerika. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 11: 787. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994688</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1935a) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika VI. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 12: 553–561. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994850</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1935b) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika V. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 12: 295–301. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994890</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1937) Die gattung <em>Paralyxia </em>Baill. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 13: 456–459. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994829 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1938) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika VII.<em> Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem </em>14: 128–132. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994936</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1940) Neue Apocynaceen aus Südamerika VIII.<em> Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem </em>15: 131–136. https://doi.org/10.2307/3995102</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Markgraf, F. (1971) New Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae from Venezuela.<em> Acta Botanica Venezuelica </em>6: 65–76. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martius, C.F.P. (1824) <em>Nova genera et species plantarum</em>, vol. 1. Typis Lindaueri, Munich, 158 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martius, C.F.P. (1838) Martii herbarium florae brasiliensis – Continuatio. <em>Flora</em> 21: 49–96.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martius, C.F.P. & Zuccarini, J.G. (1824) Ankündigung der fortsetzung eines werkes über brasilianische pflanzen. <em>Flora </em>7: 129–142.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Matuda, E. (1950) Studies on the flora of Chiapas, Mexico – VI. <em>Madroño</em> 10: 166–176.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Meyer, E. (1955) <em>The genus </em>Vallesia<em>, a systematic study</em>, M.S. thesis. University of Washington, St. Louis, 46 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Miers, J. (1878) <em>On the Apocynaceae of South America, with some preliminary remarks on the whole family</em>. Williams and Norgate, London, 291 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.164</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">de Moraes, P.L.R. (2008) The lauraceous collection of Friedrich Sellow. <em>Komarovia </em>6: 1–67.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Morales, J.F. (2010) La familia Apocynaceae <em>s. str.</em> (Apocynoideae, Rauvolfioideae) en Uruguay. <em>Darwiniana</em> 48: 68–86.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Morales, J.F. & Zamora, N.A. (2017) A synopsis of <em>Aspidosperma </em>(Apocynaceae) in Mexico and Central America with a taxonomic clarification of <em>Aspidosperma cruentum </em>and a new cryptic species. <em>Phytoneuron </em>2017–68: 1–13. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Müller-Argoviensis, J. (1860a) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Martius, C.F.P. (Ed.) <em>Flora brasiliensis</em>, vol. 6, part. 1. F. Fleischer, Leipzig, pp. 1−195.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Müller-Argoviensis, J. (1860b) Species novae nonnullae americanae ex ordine Apocynearum et observationes quaedam in species generis Echitis auctorum earumque distributio in genera emendata et nova. <em>Linnaea</em> 30: 387–454.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Müller-Argoviensis, J. (1869) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Warming, J.E.B. (Ed.) Symbolae ad floram brasiliae centralis cognoscendam. <em>Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjøbenhavn</em> 1869: 98–116.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pereira, A.S. de S., Castello, A.C.D., Simões, A.O. & Koch, I. (2019) Reestablishment, new records, and a key for the species of <em>Aspidosperma </em>(Apocynaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon. <em>Acta Botanica Brasilica </em>33: 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062018abb0168 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pereira, M.M., Jácome, R.L.R.P., Alcântara, A.F.C., Alves, R.B. & Raslan, D.S. (2007) Alcalóides indólicos isolados de espécies do gênero <em>Aspidosperma</em> (Apocynaceae). <em>Química Nova </em>30: 970–983. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422007000400037</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pichon, M. (1947) Classification des Apocynacées: VII, genre <em>Aspidosperma</em>. <em>Bulletin du Museìum national d’histoire naturelle</em>,<em> sér. 2</em> 19: 362–369. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pichon, M. (1948) Classification des Apocynacées: IX, Rauvolfiées, Alstoniées, Allamandées et Tabernémontanoidées. <em>Mémoires du Museum national d’histoire</em> <em>naturelle</em>,<em> sér. Nouvelle </em>27: 153–251.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pignal, M., Romaniuc-Neto, S., de Souza, S., Chagnoux, S. & Lange Canhos, D.A. (2013) Saint-Hilaire virtual herbarium, a new upgradeable tool to study Brazilian botany. <em>Adansonia</em>, <em>sér. 3</em> 35: 7–18. https://doi.org/10.5252/a2013n1a1</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pittier, H.F. (1926) <em>Manual de las plantas usuales de Venezuela</em>. Litografía del Comerico, Caracas, 458 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Potgieter, K. (1999) <em>Phylogenetic study of Apocynaceae Juss. and </em>Aspidosperma<em> Mart. & Zucc.</em>, PhD thesis. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 530 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rizzini, C.T. & Mattos Filho, A. (1986–1987) In Memoriam – Apparício Pereira Duarte. <em>Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro </em>28: 189–192. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rojas-Acosta, N. (1913) <em>Essai d’une thérapeutique végétale de Corrientes</em>. Estanislao Dupuis, Resistencia, 53 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ruiz, H.L. & Pavón, J.A. (1794) <em>Florae peruvianae, et chilensis prodromus, sive, novorum generum plantarum peruvianarum et chilensium descriptiones, et icones</em>. Imprenta de Sancha, Madrid, 154 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rusby, H.H. (1912) New species from Bolivia, collected by R. S. Williams – 2. <em>Bulletin of The New York Botanical Garden</em> 8: 89–135.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rusby, H.H. (1920) <em>Descriptions of three hundred new species of South American plants</em>. Henry Hurd Rusby, New York, 170 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Saldanha da Gama, J. (1874) Notes sur quelques arbres employés dans l’industrie brésilienne. <em>Annales des Sciences Naturelles</em>,<em> Botanique</em>,<em> sér. 5 </em>19: 210–218. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Saldanha da Gama, J. (1874) Notes sur quelques arbres employés dans l’industrie brésilienne. <em>Annales des Sciences Naturelles</em>,<em> Botanique</em>,<em> sér. 5 </em>19: 210–218. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Saldanha da Gama, J. (1875) Biographia e apreciação dos trabalhos do botanico brasileiro Francisco Freire Allemão. <em>Revista Trimestral IHGEB</em> 38: 51–126.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schumann, K.M. (1895) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (Eds.) <em>Die natürlichen pflanzenfamilien</em>, vol. 4. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 109−189.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schumann, K.M. (1901) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Urban, I. (Ed.) Plantae novae americanae imprimis Glaziovianae. III. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> 30: 30−31.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Silveira, A.A. (1921) Especies novae civitatis Minas Gerais. <em>Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro</em> 23: 159–171. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Simões, A.O., Kinoshita, L.S., Koch, I., Silva, J.S. & Endress, M.E. (2016) Systematics and character evolution of Vinceae (Apocynaceae, Rauvolfioideae). <em>Taxon </em>65: 99–122. https://doi.org/10.12705/651.7 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Simões, A.O., Livshultz, T., Conti, E. & Endress, M.E. (2007) Phylogeny and systematics of the Rauvolfioideae (Apocynaceae) based on molecular and morphological evidence. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 94: 268–297. https://doi.org/10.3417/0026-6493(2007)94[268:PASOTR]2.0.CO;2</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Spegazzini, C.L. (1917) Ramillete de plantas argentinas nuevas o interesantes (Conclusion). <em>Physis </em>3: 325–351.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Spegazzini, C.L. & Girola, C.D. (1910) <em>Cataìlogo descriptivo de las maderas: que se exhibieron en la Exposicioìn Internacional de Agricultura de 1910</em>. Sociedad Rural Argentina, Buenos Aires, 413 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Standley, P.C. (1933) The colombian species of <em>Aspidosperma</em> and <em>Tabebuia</em>. <em>Tropical Woods</em> 36: 13–20.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stafleu, F.A. & Cowan, R.S. (1981) <em>Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types</em>, vol. 3, 2nd ed. Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht, 980 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tanaka, J.C.A., da Silva, C.C., Ferreira, I.C., Machado, G.M., Leon, L.L. & de Oliveira, A.J. (2007) Antileishmanial activity of indole alkaloids from <em>Aspidosperma</em> <em>ramiflorum</em>. <em>Phytomedicine</em> 14: 377–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2006.09.002</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Thiers, B. (2022+) [continuously updated] <em>Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. New York Botanical Garden’s virtual herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 29 Mar 2021). </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code)</em> <em>adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em> [= <em>Regnum Vegetabile 159</em>]. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Urban, I. (1906) Vitae itineraque collectorum botanicorum. <em>In</em>: Martius, C.F.P., Eichler, A.G. & Urban, I. (Eds.) <em>Flora brasiliensis</em>, vol. 1, part. 1. R. Oldenbourg, Munich, pp. 105–111. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vahl, J.L.M. (1810) Beskrivelse over nye planteslægter. <em>Skrifter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet</em> 6: 84–128. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vellozo, J.M.C. (1799) <em>Quinografia portugueza</em>. Impressor da Santa Igreja Patriarcal, Lisbon, 191 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vignes-Lebbe, R., Bouquin, S., Kerner, A. & Bourdon, E. (2017) Desktop or remote knowledge base management systems for taxonomic data and identification keys: Xper2 and Xper3. <em>Proceedings of TDWG</em> 1: e19911. https://doi.org/10.3897/tdwgproceedings.1.19911</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wiersema, J.H., Turland, N.J., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017 </em>[= <em>Regnum Vegetabile 159</em>], apps. I–VII. Available from: https://naturalhistory2.si.edu/botany/codes-proposals/ (accessed 29 Mar 2021). https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Williams, J.K, (1995) Miscellaneous notes on <em>Haplophyton</em> (Apocynaceae: Plumerieae: Haplophytinae). <em>Sida</em> 16: 469–475.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Williams, L.O. (1967) Tropical American plants, VIII. <em>Fieldiana</em>,<em> Botany</em> 31: 247–269. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2439</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Woodson, R.E. (1934) Apocynaceae. <em>In</em>: Cufodontis, G. (Ed.) Risultati della spedizione biologica Austriaca in Costarica nel 1930. <em>Archivio Botanico per la Sistematica, Fitogeografia e Genetica e Bulletino dell’ Istituto Botanico della r. Universita de Modena </em>10: 38–41.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Woodson, R.E. (1951) Studies in the Apocynaceae VIII: an interim revision of the genus <em>Aspidosperma </em>Mart. & Zucc. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 38: 119–204. https://doi.org/10.2307/2394433 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Zarucchi, J.L. (1995) <em>Microplumeria </em>Baill. <em>In</em>: Berry, P.E., Holst, B.K. & Yatskievych, K. (Eds.) <em>Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana</em>, vol. 2. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 531−532.</span></span></span></p>