Abstract
Begonia canarana was collected and described from Mangalore, Canara, South Western India in 1851. Critical field observations, literature survey and herbarium consultations revealed that Begonia canarana is conspecific to the earlier described B. crenata, and it is synonymised here. Lectotypes for all names in synonymy with B. crenata are provided.
References
<p>Aitawade, M.M. & Yadav, S.R. (2012) Taxonomic status of <em>Begonia aliciae </em>(Begoniaceae). <em>Rheedea</em> 22 (2): 111–115.</p>
<p>Aitawade, M.M., Bachulkar, M.Y. & Yadav, S.R. (2019a)<em> Begonia handibadaganathensis</em> (Begoniaceae), a new species from Western Ghats, India. <em>Phytotaxa </em>423 (3): 206–210. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.423.3.9</p>
<p>Aitawade, M.M., Kattukunnel, J.J. & Yadav, S.R. (2019b) <em>Begonia bachulkarii </em>(Begoniaceae, sect. <em>Reichenheimia</em>)<em>, </em>a new species from the southern Western Ghats with notes on sect. <em>Reichenheimia</em>in India. <em>Phytotaxa </em>423 (5): 277–283. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.423.5.1</p>
<p>Ahmedullah, M. & Nayar, M.P. (1987) <em>Endemic Plants of The Indian Region,</em> Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, India.</p>
<p>Beddome, R.H. (1864) Contributions to the Botany of Southern India. <em>Madras Journal of Literature & Science </em>31: 37–59, Pl. 15.</p>
<p>Clarke, C.B. (1879) Begoniaceae <em>In</em>: Hooker, J.D., <em>Flora of British India</em>, II, Reeve and Co. Ltd. Kent.</p>
<p>Cooke, T. (1903) <em>The Flora of Presidency of Bombay</em>, I, London, (B.S.I. Repr. ed., 1958.) Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.</p>
<p>Dryander, J. (1791) Observations on the genus <em>Begonia. Transaction of Linnean Society of London, Botany </em>I: 155–173.</p>
<p>Fischer, C.E.C. (1939) New or little known plants from southern India. X. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 5: 247–251.</p>
<p>Frodin, D.G. (2004) History and concepts of big plant genera. <em>Taxon </em>53: 753–776. https://doi.org/10.12705/672.3</p>
<p>Gamble<strong>, </strong>J.S. (1919) <em>Flora of the Presidency of Madras</em>. Vol. 1. Adlard and Son, Limited. London. pp. 545–546.</p>
<p>Hughes, M., Moonlight, P.W., Jara-muñoz, A., Tebbitt, M.C., Wilson, H.P. & Pullan, M. (2015–Present) Begonia Resource Centre. Online database available from: http://padme.rbge.org.uk/begonia/ (accessed 10 August 2022)</p>
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<p>Kumar, K.D. & Bhattacharya, U.C. (1990) <em>Begonia canarana</em>.<em> In: </em>Nayar, M.P. & Sastry, A.R.K. (Eds.) <em>Red Data Book of Indian Plants. </em>Vol. 3. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. pp. 66.</p>
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<p>Mathew, K.M. (1981) <em>The Flora of The Tamilnadu Carnatic</em>, I. The Rapinat Herbarium, St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirapalli, India.</p>
<p>Miquel, F.A.W. (1852) Novae Vel Rariores Species Dicotyledonae: <em>Begonia canarana</em>. <em>Analecta Botanica Indica</em> 3: 18.</p>
<p>Moonlight, P.W., Ardi, W.H., Arroyo Padilla, L., Chung, K.F., Fuller, D., Girmansyah, D., Hollands, R., Jara-muñoz, A., Kiew, R., Mahardika, A., Marasinghe, L.D.K., Leong, W.- C., Liu, Y., O’ Connor, M., Peng, C.I, Pérez, Á.J., PhutthaI, T., Pullan, M., Rajbhandary, S., Reynel, C., Rubite, R.R., Sang, J., Scherberich, D., Shui, Y.M., Tebbitt, M.C., Thomas, D.C., Wilson, H.P., Zaini, N.H. & Hughes, M. (2018) Dividing and conquering the fastest growing genus: Towards a natural sectional classification of the mega-diverse genus <em>Begonia</em> (Begoniaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 67 (2): 267–323. https://doi.org/10.12705/672.3</p>
<p>Nayar, M.P. & Sastry, A.R.K. (Eds.) (1990) <em>Red Data Book of Indian Plants. </em>Vol. 2 and 3. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.</p>
<p>Nayar, T.S., Beegam, A.R., Mohanan, N. & Rajkumar, G. (2006) <em>Flowering Plants of Kerala: A handbook</em>. Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Kerala.</p>
<p>Rao, C.K., Geetha, B.L. & Geetha, S. (2003) <em>Red List of Threatened Vascular Plant Species in India</em>. Botanical Survey of India, New Delhi.</p>
<p>Rao, K.M.<strong> (</strong>2001) Begoniaceae<em> In: </em>Singh, N.P., Laxminarasimhan, P., Karthikeyan, S. & Prasanna, P.V. (Eds.) <em>Flora of Maharashtra State,</em> II, Dicotyledons. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. pp. 75–82.</p>
<p>Saldanha, C.J. (1984) <em>Flora of Karnataka</em> Vol. 1. Oxford and IBH publishing Co., New Delhi.</p>
<p>Sands, M.J. (2009) The Begonias of New Guinea—an overview. <em>Blumea </em>54: 272–277.</p>
<p>Sharma, B.D., Singh, N.P., Raghavan, R.S. & Deshpande, U.R. (1984) <em>Flora of Karnataka</em>, Botanical Survey of India, New Delhi.</p>
<p>Stults, D.Z. & Axsmith, B.J. (2011) First Macrofossil Record of <em>Begonia</em> (Begoniaceae). <em>American Journal of Botany </em>98 (1): 150–153. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000331</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Hereunder, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & G.F. Smith (2018). <em>International code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Shenzhen code)</em>. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Uddin, A. (2007) Distribution and status of Indian <em>Begonia</em> L. species. <em>Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany </em>31: 591–597.</p>
<p>Walter, K.S. & Gillett, H.J. (Eds.) (1998) <em>1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants.</em> Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. IUCN - The world conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. pp. 72–74.</p>
<p>Aitawade, M.M., Bachulkar, M.Y. & Yadav, S.R. (2019a)<em> Begonia handibadaganathensis</em> (Begoniaceae), a new species from Western Ghats, India. <em>Phytotaxa </em>423 (3): 206–210. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.423.3.9</p>
<p>Aitawade, M.M., Kattukunnel, J.J. & Yadav, S.R. (2019b) <em>Begonia bachulkarii </em>(Begoniaceae, sect. <em>Reichenheimia</em>)<em>, </em>a new species from the southern Western Ghats with notes on sect. <em>Reichenheimia</em>in India. <em>Phytotaxa </em>423 (5): 277–283. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.423.5.1</p>
<p>Ahmedullah, M. & Nayar, M.P. (1987) <em>Endemic Plants of The Indian Region,</em> Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, India.</p>
<p>Beddome, R.H. (1864) Contributions to the Botany of Southern India. <em>Madras Journal of Literature & Science </em>31: 37–59, Pl. 15.</p>
<p>Clarke, C.B. (1879) Begoniaceae <em>In</em>: Hooker, J.D., <em>Flora of British India</em>, II, Reeve and Co. Ltd. Kent.</p>
<p>Cooke, T. (1903) <em>The Flora of Presidency of Bombay</em>, I, London, (B.S.I. Repr. ed., 1958.) Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.</p>
<p>Dryander, J. (1791) Observations on the genus <em>Begonia. Transaction of Linnean Society of London, Botany </em>I: 155–173.</p>
<p>Fischer, C.E.C. (1939) New or little known plants from southern India. X. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 5: 247–251.</p>
<p>Frodin, D.G. (2004) History and concepts of big plant genera. <em>Taxon </em>53: 753–776. https://doi.org/10.12705/672.3</p>
<p>Gamble<strong>, </strong>J.S. (1919) <em>Flora of the Presidency of Madras</em>. Vol. 1. Adlard and Son, Limited. London. pp. 545–546.</p>
<p>Hughes, M., Moonlight, P.W., Jara-muñoz, A., Tebbitt, M.C., Wilson, H.P. & Pullan, M. (2015–Present) Begonia Resource Centre. Online database available from: http://padme.rbge.org.uk/begonia/ (accessed 10 August 2022)</p>
<p>Krishna, N., Britto, S., Thomas, S., Mani, B., Pradeep, A., & Jithin, K. (2019) A new section (<em>Begonia</em> sect. <em>Flocciferae</em> sect. Nov.) and two new species in Begoniaceae from the Western Ghats of India. <em>Edinburgh Journal of Botany</em> 77 (2): 251–268. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428619000349</p>
<p>Kumar, K.D. & Bhattacharya, U.C. (1990) <em>Begonia canarana</em>.<em> In: </em>Nayar, M.P. & Sastry, A.R.K. (Eds.) <em>Red Data Book of Indian Plants. </em>Vol. 3. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. pp. 66.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum,</em>Vol. 2, Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 1056 pp. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/359077 #page/498/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Mathew, K.M. (1981) <em>The Flora of The Tamilnadu Carnatic</em>, I. The Rapinat Herbarium, St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirapalli, India.</p>
<p>Miquel, F.A.W. (1852) Novae Vel Rariores Species Dicotyledonae: <em>Begonia canarana</em>. <em>Analecta Botanica Indica</em> 3: 18.</p>
<p>Moonlight, P.W., Ardi, W.H., Arroyo Padilla, L., Chung, K.F., Fuller, D., Girmansyah, D., Hollands, R., Jara-muñoz, A., Kiew, R., Mahardika, A., Marasinghe, L.D.K., Leong, W.- C., Liu, Y., O’ Connor, M., Peng, C.I, Pérez, Á.J., PhutthaI, T., Pullan, M., Rajbhandary, S., Reynel, C., Rubite, R.R., Sang, J., Scherberich, D., Shui, Y.M., Tebbitt, M.C., Thomas, D.C., Wilson, H.P., Zaini, N.H. & Hughes, M. (2018) Dividing and conquering the fastest growing genus: Towards a natural sectional classification of the mega-diverse genus <em>Begonia</em> (Begoniaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 67 (2): 267–323. https://doi.org/10.12705/672.3</p>
<p>Nayar, M.P. & Sastry, A.R.K. (Eds.) (1990) <em>Red Data Book of Indian Plants. </em>Vol. 2 and 3. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.</p>
<p>Nayar, T.S., Beegam, A.R., Mohanan, N. & Rajkumar, G. (2006) <em>Flowering Plants of Kerala: A handbook</em>. Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Kerala.</p>
<p>Rao, C.K., Geetha, B.L. & Geetha, S. (2003) <em>Red List of Threatened Vascular Plant Species in India</em>. Botanical Survey of India, New Delhi.</p>
<p>Rao, K.M.<strong> (</strong>2001) Begoniaceae<em> In: </em>Singh, N.P., Laxminarasimhan, P., Karthikeyan, S. & Prasanna, P.V. (Eds.) <em>Flora of Maharashtra State,</em> II, Dicotyledons. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. pp. 75–82.</p>
<p>Saldanha, C.J. (1984) <em>Flora of Karnataka</em> Vol. 1. Oxford and IBH publishing Co., New Delhi.</p>
<p>Sands, M.J. (2009) The Begonias of New Guinea—an overview. <em>Blumea </em>54: 272–277.</p>
<p>Sharma, B.D., Singh, N.P., Raghavan, R.S. & Deshpande, U.R. (1984) <em>Flora of Karnataka</em>, Botanical Survey of India, New Delhi.</p>
<p>Stults, D.Z. & Axsmith, B.J. (2011) First Macrofossil Record of <em>Begonia</em> (Begoniaceae). <em>American Journal of Botany </em>98 (1): 150–153. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000331</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Hereunder, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & G.F. Smith (2018). <em>International code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Shenzhen code)</em>. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Uddin, A. (2007) Distribution and status of Indian <em>Begonia</em> L. species. <em>Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany </em>31: 591–597.</p>
<p>Walter, K.S. & Gillett, H.J. (Eds.) (1998) <em>1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants.</em> Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. IUCN - The world conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. pp. 72–74.</p>