Abstract
As part of a review of the names applied to economically important species of Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), the nomenclature and typification of the name Kalanchoe blossfeldiana are reviewed. The type of this species name is clarified in a second-step lectotypification. The selection of desirable hybrids and cultivars based on K. blossfeldiana, and of hybrids and cultivars of which it is a parent, has developed into a global horticultural industry.
References
<p>Adanson, M. (1763) <em>Familles des Plantes</em>.<em> Seconde Partie. Etat actuel de la Botanike</em>. Chez Vincent, Imprimeur-Libraire de M<sup>gt</sup> le Comte de Provence, Paris, 640 pp. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6958#page/794/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Berger, A. (1930) Crassulaceae. Unterfam. II. Kalanchoideae [sic Kalanchooideae]. 6. <em>Kalanchoe</em>. <em>In</em>: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (Eds.) <em>Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien</em>. ed. 2, 18a. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 402–412.</p>
<p>Blossfeld, R. (1934 [December]) <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em> V. Poellnitz Sp.N. (<em>Kalanchoe globulifera</em> Perr. de la Bâthie var. <em>coccinea</em> Perr. de la Bâthie). <em>The Cactus Journal (Great Britain)</em> 3 (20): 36–37.</p>
<p>Boiteau, P. & Allorge-Boiteau, L. (1995) Kalanchoe <em>(Crassulacées) de Madagascar. Systématique, Ecophysiologie et Phytochimie</em>. ICSN, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, Éditions Karthala, Paris, 252 pp.</p>
<p>Brown, J.R., White, A., Sloane, B.L. & Reynolds, G.W. (1939) <em>Succulents for the amateur. Introducing the beginner to more than eight hundred fascinating succulent plants illustrating four hundred</em>. Haselton, S.E. (Ed.) Abbey Garden Press, Pasadena, 167 pp. + five unnumbered ‘Index’ pages.</p>
<p>Brown, N.E. (1913) 1436. <em>Kalanchoe sexangularis</em>, N. E. Brown [Crassulaceae]. <em>In</em>: Diagnoses Africanae LIII. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Kew</em> 1913 (3): 118–123. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/43726#page/125/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Carvalho, S.M.P., Eveleens-Clark, B., Bakker, M.J. & Heuvelink, E. (2006a) <em>Ontwikkelen en testen van een model voor vraaggestuurde productie in </em>Kalanchoë<em>: proeven in klimaatcellen en in de praktijk; ontwikkelen en testen van een model</em>. PPO Publicatienr. 41313016. Wageningen Universiteit Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving B.V., Wageningen & Naaldwijk, The Netherlands, 72 pp.</p>
<p>Carvalho, S.M.P., Eveleens-Clark, B., Bakker, M.J. & Heuvelink, E. (2006b) Improving product quality and timing of <em>Kalanchoë</em>: model development and validation. <em>Acta Horticulturae</em> 718: 655–662.</p>
<p>Christensen, B., Sriskandarajah, S., Serek, M. & Müller, R. (2008) Transformation of <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em> with <em>rol</em>-genes is useful in molecular breeding towards compact growth. <em>Plant Cell Reports</em> 27: 1485–1495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-008-0575-0</p>
<p>Descoings, B. (2003) <em>Kalanchoe</em>. <em>In</em>: U. Eggli (Ed.) <em>Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: Crassulaceae</em>. Springer-Verlag, Berlin & Heidelberg, pp. 143–181.</p>
<p>Eggli, U. (Ed.) (2003) <em>Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: Crassulaceae</em>. Springer-Verlag, Berlin & Heidelberg, 458 pp + plates I–XLVIII.</p>
<p>Figueiredo, E., Smith, G.F. & Crouch, N.R. (2016) The taxonomy and type of <em>Kalanchoe sexangularis</em> N.E.Br. (Crassulaceae). <em>Bradleya</em> 34: 92–99. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n34.2016.a24</p>
<p>Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2020) Friedrich Welwitsch and his overlooked contributions to the <em>Flora of Tropical Africa</em>, with a discussion of the names of <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) that should be ascribed to Welwitsch alone. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 458 (1): 83–100. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.458.1.5</p>
<p>Herrando-Moraira, S., Vitales, D., Nualart, N., Gómez-Bellver, C., Ibáñez, N., Massó, S., Cachón-Ferrero, P., González-Gutiérrez, P.A., Guillot, D., Herrera, I., Shaw, D., Stinca, A., Wang, Z. & López-Pujol, J. (2020 [21 February]) Global distribution patterns and niche modelling of the invasive <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>houghtonii</em> (Crassulaceae). <em>Scientific Reports [natureresearch]</em> 10 (1): a3143 [18 pp.]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60079-2</p>
<p>Izumikawa, Y., Nakamura, I. & Mii, M. (2007) Interspecific hybridization between <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em> and several wild <em>Kalanchoe</em> species with ornamental value. <em>Acta Horticulturae</em> 743: 59–65. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.743.7</p>
<p>Jacobsen, H. (1935) <em>Succulent plants. Description, cultivation and uses of succulent plants other than cacti</em>. Williams and Norgate Ltd, London, 293 pp.</p>
<p>Klein, D.-P., Shtein, R., Nusbaumer, L. & Callmander, M.W. (2021) <em>Kalanchoe darainensis</em> (Crassulaceae), a new species from northeastern Madagascar. <em>Candollea</em> 76: 117–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2021v761a12</p>
<p>Kroon, G.H., De Jong, J. & Van Raamsdonk, L.W.D. (1989) Evaluation of the genus <em>Kalanchoe</em> for breeding of new cutflowers and potplants. <em>Acta Horticulturae</em> (International Symposium on the Development of New Floricultural Crops) 252: 111–116. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.252.14</p>
<p>Kuang, Y., Lu, C.-H. & Hsu, F.-C. (2021) Restoring fertility for novel interspecific hybrids between <em>Kalanchoe garambiensis</em> and <em>K. nyikae</em> using colchicine treatment. <em>Plants</em> 10: a209 [16 pp]. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020209</p>
<p>Perrier de la Bâthie, [J.M.]H.[A.] (1928 [Février]) Observations nouvelles sur le genre <em>Kalanchoe</em>. <em>Archives de Botanique II, Bulletin Mensuel. Caen</em> 2 (2): 17–31.</p>
<p>Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie, J.M.H.A. (1914) Nouvelle contribution à l’étude des Crassulacées malgaches. <em>Annales du Musée Colonial de Marseille</em>, sér. 3, 2: 113–207. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/23004#page/551/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie, [J.M.]H.[A.]. (1915) Troisième contribution a l’étude des Crassulacées Malgaches. <em>Annales du Musée Colonial de Marseille</em>, sér. 3, 3: 63–117. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/22992#page/85/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Schweickerdt, H.G.[W.J.]. (1936) <em>Kalanchoë blossfeldiana</em>. Crassulaceae. <em>Curtis’s Botanical Magazine</em> 159: t. 9440.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2019) Notes on <em>Kalanchoe ×houghtonii</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), an early hybrid between two species of <em>K</em>. subg. <em>Bryophyllum</em>. <em>Haseltonia</em> 26: 78–85. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.026.0111</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2020) Typification of the infrageneric names published in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) by Alwin Berger. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 453 (1): 52–54. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.453.1.6</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2022) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>trageri</em>, at last a name for <em>K. blossfeldiana</em> × <em>K. pumila</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a horticulturally successful nothospecies. <em>Phytotaxa</em>. [In press]</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2021) <em>Kalanchoe pumila</em>. Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae. Madagascar. <em>Flowering Plants of Africa</em> 67: 92–102, plate 2369.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Van Wyk, A.E. (2019) Kalanchoe <em>(Crassulaceae) in southern Africa. Classification, biology, and cultivation</em>. Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London, San Diego, Cambridge (USA), and Oxford, 328 pp. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2017-0-00602-X</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022) (0000) Proposal to reject the name Crassulaceae subfam. Cotyledonoideae (Crassulaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 71. [In press]</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021a) A review of horticulturally desirable characters in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): variable and deviating vegetative and reproductive morphologies useful in breeding programmes. <em>Haseltonia</em> 28: 106–119. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0110</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021b) Typification of the name <em>Kalanchoe daigremontiana</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 494 (2): 244–249. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.494.2.8</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021c) Clarifying the typification of the names <em>Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi</em> and <em>K. waldheimii</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), two leaf-succulent shrubs indigenous to Madagascar. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 509 (1): 131–134. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.1.9</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Shtein, R., Klein, D.-P., Parihar, B., Almeida, A., Rodewald, S. & Kadereit, G. (2021) Special review. Sexual and asexual reproduction in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae): a review of known and newly recorded strategies. <em>Haseltonia</em> 28: 2–20. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0101</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter,W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. [Regnum Vegetabile 159], 254 pp. [https://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php]</p>
<p>Van Voorst, A. & Arends, J.C. (1982) The origin and chromosome numbers of cultivars of <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em> Von Poelln.: their history and evolution. <em>Euphytica</em> 31 (3): 573–584.</p>
<p>Von Poellnitz, [J.]K.[L.A.]. (1934) XV. <em>Kalanchoe Blossfeldiana</em>. <em>Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Centralblatt für Sammlung und Veröffentlichung von Einzeldiagnosen neuer Pflanzen</em> 35: 159–160. [https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/Libro.php?Libro=6015]</p>
<p>Welwitsch, F.M.J. (1871 [August]) 13. <em>Kalanchoe coccinea </em>Welw., in J. Britten, 4. <em>Kalanchoe </em>Linn., Order L. Crassulaceae. <em>In</em>: Oliver, D. (Ed.) <em>Flora of Tropical Africa (Leguminosae to Ficoideae) </em>2. L. Reeve & Co., London, pp. 395. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124#page/401/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Berger, A. (1930) Crassulaceae. Unterfam. II. Kalanchoideae [sic Kalanchooideae]. 6. <em>Kalanchoe</em>. <em>In</em>: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (Eds.) <em>Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien</em>. ed. 2, 18a. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 402–412.</p>
<p>Blossfeld, R. (1934 [December]) <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em> V. Poellnitz Sp.N. (<em>Kalanchoe globulifera</em> Perr. de la Bâthie var. <em>coccinea</em> Perr. de la Bâthie). <em>The Cactus Journal (Great Britain)</em> 3 (20): 36–37.</p>
<p>Boiteau, P. & Allorge-Boiteau, L. (1995) Kalanchoe <em>(Crassulacées) de Madagascar. Systématique, Ecophysiologie et Phytochimie</em>. ICSN, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, Éditions Karthala, Paris, 252 pp.</p>
<p>Brown, J.R., White, A., Sloane, B.L. & Reynolds, G.W. (1939) <em>Succulents for the amateur. Introducing the beginner to more than eight hundred fascinating succulent plants illustrating four hundred</em>. Haselton, S.E. (Ed.) Abbey Garden Press, Pasadena, 167 pp. + five unnumbered ‘Index’ pages.</p>
<p>Brown, N.E. (1913) 1436. <em>Kalanchoe sexangularis</em>, N. E. Brown [Crassulaceae]. <em>In</em>: Diagnoses Africanae LIII. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Kew</em> 1913 (3): 118–123. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/43726#page/125/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Carvalho, S.M.P., Eveleens-Clark, B., Bakker, M.J. & Heuvelink, E. (2006a) <em>Ontwikkelen en testen van een model voor vraaggestuurde productie in </em>Kalanchoë<em>: proeven in klimaatcellen en in de praktijk; ontwikkelen en testen van een model</em>. PPO Publicatienr. 41313016. Wageningen Universiteit Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving B.V., Wageningen & Naaldwijk, The Netherlands, 72 pp.</p>
<p>Carvalho, S.M.P., Eveleens-Clark, B., Bakker, M.J. & Heuvelink, E. (2006b) Improving product quality and timing of <em>Kalanchoë</em>: model development and validation. <em>Acta Horticulturae</em> 718: 655–662.</p>
<p>Christensen, B., Sriskandarajah, S., Serek, M. & Müller, R. (2008) Transformation of <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em> with <em>rol</em>-genes is useful in molecular breeding towards compact growth. <em>Plant Cell Reports</em> 27: 1485–1495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-008-0575-0</p>
<p>Descoings, B. (2003) <em>Kalanchoe</em>. <em>In</em>: U. Eggli (Ed.) <em>Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: Crassulaceae</em>. Springer-Verlag, Berlin & Heidelberg, pp. 143–181.</p>
<p>Eggli, U. (Ed.) (2003) <em>Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: Crassulaceae</em>. Springer-Verlag, Berlin & Heidelberg, 458 pp + plates I–XLVIII.</p>
<p>Figueiredo, E., Smith, G.F. & Crouch, N.R. (2016) The taxonomy and type of <em>Kalanchoe sexangularis</em> N.E.Br. (Crassulaceae). <em>Bradleya</em> 34: 92–99. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n34.2016.a24</p>
<p>Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2020) Friedrich Welwitsch and his overlooked contributions to the <em>Flora of Tropical Africa</em>, with a discussion of the names of <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) that should be ascribed to Welwitsch alone. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 458 (1): 83–100. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.458.1.5</p>
<p>Herrando-Moraira, S., Vitales, D., Nualart, N., Gómez-Bellver, C., Ibáñez, N., Massó, S., Cachón-Ferrero, P., González-Gutiérrez, P.A., Guillot, D., Herrera, I., Shaw, D., Stinca, A., Wang, Z. & López-Pujol, J. (2020 [21 February]) Global distribution patterns and niche modelling of the invasive <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>houghtonii</em> (Crassulaceae). <em>Scientific Reports [natureresearch]</em> 10 (1): a3143 [18 pp.]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60079-2</p>
<p>Izumikawa, Y., Nakamura, I. & Mii, M. (2007) Interspecific hybridization between <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em> and several wild <em>Kalanchoe</em> species with ornamental value. <em>Acta Horticulturae</em> 743: 59–65. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.743.7</p>
<p>Jacobsen, H. (1935) <em>Succulent plants. Description, cultivation and uses of succulent plants other than cacti</em>. Williams and Norgate Ltd, London, 293 pp.</p>
<p>Klein, D.-P., Shtein, R., Nusbaumer, L. & Callmander, M.W. (2021) <em>Kalanchoe darainensis</em> (Crassulaceae), a new species from northeastern Madagascar. <em>Candollea</em> 76: 117–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2021v761a12</p>
<p>Kroon, G.H., De Jong, J. & Van Raamsdonk, L.W.D. (1989) Evaluation of the genus <em>Kalanchoe</em> for breeding of new cutflowers and potplants. <em>Acta Horticulturae</em> (International Symposium on the Development of New Floricultural Crops) 252: 111–116. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.252.14</p>
<p>Kuang, Y., Lu, C.-H. & Hsu, F.-C. (2021) Restoring fertility for novel interspecific hybrids between <em>Kalanchoe garambiensis</em> and <em>K. nyikae</em> using colchicine treatment. <em>Plants</em> 10: a209 [16 pp]. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020209</p>
<p>Perrier de la Bâthie, [J.M.]H.[A.] (1928 [Février]) Observations nouvelles sur le genre <em>Kalanchoe</em>. <em>Archives de Botanique II, Bulletin Mensuel. Caen</em> 2 (2): 17–31.</p>
<p>Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie, J.M.H.A. (1914) Nouvelle contribution à l’étude des Crassulacées malgaches. <em>Annales du Musée Colonial de Marseille</em>, sér. 3, 2: 113–207. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/23004#page/551/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie, [J.M.]H.[A.]. (1915) Troisième contribution a l’étude des Crassulacées Malgaches. <em>Annales du Musée Colonial de Marseille</em>, sér. 3, 3: 63–117. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/22992#page/85/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Schweickerdt, H.G.[W.J.]. (1936) <em>Kalanchoë blossfeldiana</em>. Crassulaceae. <em>Curtis’s Botanical Magazine</em> 159: t. 9440.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2019) Notes on <em>Kalanchoe ×houghtonii</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), an early hybrid between two species of <em>K</em>. subg. <em>Bryophyllum</em>. <em>Haseltonia</em> 26: 78–85. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.026.0111</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2020) Typification of the infrageneric names published in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) by Alwin Berger. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 453 (1): 52–54. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.453.1.6</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2022) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>trageri</em>, at last a name for <em>K. blossfeldiana</em> × <em>K. pumila</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a horticulturally successful nothospecies. <em>Phytotaxa</em>. [In press]</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2021) <em>Kalanchoe pumila</em>. Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae. Madagascar. <em>Flowering Plants of Africa</em> 67: 92–102, plate 2369.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Van Wyk, A.E. (2019) Kalanchoe <em>(Crassulaceae) in southern Africa. Classification, biology, and cultivation</em>. Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London, San Diego, Cambridge (USA), and Oxford, 328 pp. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2017-0-00602-X</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022) (0000) Proposal to reject the name Crassulaceae subfam. Cotyledonoideae (Crassulaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 71. [In press]</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021a) A review of horticulturally desirable characters in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): variable and deviating vegetative and reproductive morphologies useful in breeding programmes. <em>Haseltonia</em> 28: 106–119. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0110</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021b) Typification of the name <em>Kalanchoe daigremontiana</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 494 (2): 244–249. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.494.2.8</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021c) Clarifying the typification of the names <em>Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi</em> and <em>K. waldheimii</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), two leaf-succulent shrubs indigenous to Madagascar. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 509 (1): 131–134. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.1.9</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Shtein, R., Klein, D.-P., Parihar, B., Almeida, A., Rodewald, S. & Kadereit, G. (2021) Special review. Sexual and asexual reproduction in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae): a review of known and newly recorded strategies. <em>Haseltonia</em> 28: 2–20. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0101</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter,W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. [Regnum Vegetabile 159], 254 pp. [https://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php]</p>
<p>Van Voorst, A. & Arends, J.C. (1982) The origin and chromosome numbers of cultivars of <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em> Von Poelln.: their history and evolution. <em>Euphytica</em> 31 (3): 573–584.</p>
<p>Von Poellnitz, [J.]K.[L.A.]. (1934) XV. <em>Kalanchoe Blossfeldiana</em>. <em>Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Centralblatt für Sammlung und Veröffentlichung von Einzeldiagnosen neuer Pflanzen</em> 35: 159–160. [https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/Libro.php?Libro=6015]</p>
<p>Welwitsch, F.M.J. (1871 [August]) 13. <em>Kalanchoe coccinea </em>Welw., in J. Britten, 4. <em>Kalanchoe </em>Linn., Order L. Crassulaceae. <em>In</em>: Oliver, D. (Ed.) <em>Flora of Tropical Africa (Leguminosae to Ficoideae) </em>2. L. Reeve & Co., London, pp. 395. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124#page/401/mode/1up]</p>