Abstract
The genus Thyrsacanthus (Acanthaceae) was re-established to accommodate South American species of Anisacanthus recovered as phylogenetically distant from the main Anisacanthus lineage. However, some species of uncertain generic placement remained in Anisacanthus: Anisacanthus pohlii, known only from the type specimen destroyed during World War II; and A. trilobus, recently placed within the New World “justicioid” lineage. In this study, we show A. pohlii to be a later synonym for Thyrsacanthus ramosus and place A. trilobus in Justicia based on macromorphological, palynological, and molecular data. Additionally, lectotypes for the names Drejera ramosa and Anisacanthus pohlii were selected.
References
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<p>Chagas, E.C.O. & Costa-Lima, J.L. (2020b) <em>Justicia</em>. <em>In</em>: Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB4137 (accessed 22 May 2021)</p>
<p>Côrtes, A.L.A., Borges, R.L.B. & Rapini, A. (2010) Reinstatement of <em>Thyrsacanthus</em> Moric. (Acanthaceae) and taxonomic novelties in the genus. <em>Taxon</em> 59 (3): 965–972. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.593025</p>
<p>Côrtes, A.L.A., Rapini, A. & Daniel, T. (2015) The <em>Tetramerium</em> lineage (Acanthaceae: Justicieae) does not support the Pleistocene Arc hypothesis for South American seasonally dry forests. <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 102 (6): 992–1007. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1400558</p>
<p>Daniel, T.F., McDade, L.A., Manktelow, M. & Kiel, C.A. (2008) The “Tetramerium Lineage” (Acanthaceae: Acanthoideae: Justicieae): delimitation and intra-lineage relationships based on cp and nrITS sequence data. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 33 (2): 416–436. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364408784571581</p>
<p>Hagen, S.H. (1941) A revision of the North American species of the genus <em>Anisacanthus</em>. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 28 (4): 38–408. https://doi.org/10.2307/2394360</p>
<p>Lindau, G. (1897) Acanthaceӕ Americanӕ et Asiaticӕ. Novӕ vel minus cognitӕ. <em>Bulletin de l’Herbier Boissier</em> 5 (8): 643–681.</p>
<p>Lindau, G. (1914) Acanthaceae. <em>In</em>: Pilger, R (Ed.) Plantae Uleanae novae vel minus cognitae [Heft 3]. <em>Notizblatt des Königlichen Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin</em> 6 (56): 192–200. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994404</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em> [...], vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiӕ [Stockholm], pp. 1–560. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669</p>
<p>Moricand, M.E. (1847) <em>Plantes Nouvelles d’Amérique</em>, livr. 9. Imprimerie de Jules-Gme Fick, Genève [Geneva], pp. 141–176, tab. 85–100. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.106626</p>
<p>Nees von Esenbeck, C.G.D. (1842) Observationes in Acanthaceas Horti Vratislaviensis. <em>Linnaea</em> 16 (3): 289–308.</p>
<p>Nees von Esenbeck, C.G.D. (1847a) Acanthaceae. <em>In</em>: von Martius, C.F.P. (Ed.) <em>Flora Brasiliensis</em> [...], vol. 9. Typographia Regia C. Wolf et fil. & Offic. Lithograph. S. Minsinger, Monachii [Munich] & Frid. Fleischer in Comm., Lipsiӕ [Leipzig], pp. 1–164, tab. 1–31. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.454</p>
<p>Nees von Esenbeck, C.G.D. (1847b) Acanthaceae. <em>In</em>: De Candolle, A. (Ed.) <em>Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis</em> [...], vol. 11. Victoris Masson, Parisiis [Paris], pp. 46–519, 720–732 (Appendix). https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.286</p>
<p>Rizzini, C.T. (1948) Disquisito circa Acanthacearum Aliquot genera Brasiliensia. <em>Archivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro</em> 8: 295–372.</p>
<p>Stafleu, F.A. & Cowan, R.S. (1976) <em>Taxonomic literature: A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types</em>, ed. 2, vol. 1, A–G, Regnum Vegetabile 94. Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht, pp. 1–1136. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.48631</p>
<p>Stafleu, F.A. & Cowan, R.S. (1981) <em>Taxonomic literature: A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types</em>, ed. 2, vol. 3, Lh–O, Regnum Vegetabile 105. Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht, pp. 1–980. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.48631</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>, Regnum Vegetabile vol. 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Wasshausen, D.C. (1973) New combinations in cultivated <em>Justicia</em> (Acanthaceae). <em>Baileya</em> 19 (1): 1–3.</p>