Abstract
Eulophia myanmarica, a species new to science is herein described from Monywa District, Sagaing Region, Myanmar. The species superficially resembles E. andamanensis but differs significantly in having 5-veined petals and sepals, narrowly oblong dorsal sepal with acute, slightly cucullate apex, obliquely narrowly oblong-elliptic lateral sepals and obliquely triangular sidelobes of the labellum. Detailed morphological description, a colour plate, notes on phenology, distribution, and a provisional conservation assessment are provided below. With this discovery, Myanmar now holds a total number of 19 Eulophia species. Additionally, after merging the genus Geodorum under Eulophia, a new name is needed for Geodorum densiflorum, for which taxonomic notes have been provided.
References
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<p>Ormerod, P. (2017) <em>Checklist of Papuasian orchids</em>. Nature & Travel Books Australia, Lismore, 494 pp.</p>
<p>Ormerod, P., Kurzweil, H. & Watthana, S. (2021) Annotated List of Orchidaceae for Myanmar. <em>Phytotaxa </em>481: 1–262. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.481.1.1</p>
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<p>Schlechter, F.R. (1919) Orcheologiae Sino-Japonicae Prodromus. <em>Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis Beihefte</em> 4: 1–318.</p>
<p>Swartz, O. (1799) Dianome Epidendri Generis Linn. <em>Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis</em> 6: 61–87.</p>
<p>Thiers, B.M. (2021) <em>Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff.</em> <em>New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium</em>. Available at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 6 May 2021)</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (eds.) (2018)<em> International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159</em>. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
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<p>Yonzone, R., Lama, D., Bhujel, R.B. & Rai, S. (2012) A new variety of <em>Geodorum</em> <em>densiflorum</em> (Lamarck) Schltr. Var. <em>kalimponsense</em> (Orchidaceae) from the Darjeeling Himalaya of West Bengal, India. <em>The MIOS Journal</em> 13 (2): 5–10.</p>
<p>Andrews, H.C. (1811) Botanists’ repository. By the author, London, 144 pl.</p>
<p>Beentje, H. (2016) <em>The Kew plant glossary: an illustrated dictionary of plant terms</em>. Royal Botanical Garden, Kew, 192 pp.</p>
<p>Blanco, F.M. (1837) <em>Flora de Filipinas</em>. Tomás por D. Candido Lopez, En la imprenta de Sto, Manila, 887 pp.</p>
<p>Blume, C.L. (1825) <em>Bijdragen tot de Flora van Nederlandsch Indie. Vol. 7</em>. Ter Lands Drukkerij, Batavia, pp. 284–636. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.115427</p>
<p>Bone, R.E., Cribb, P.J. & Buerki, S. (2015) Phylogenetics of Eulophiinae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae): evolutionary patterns and implications for generic delimitation. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 179: 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12299</p>
<p>Brown, R. (1810) <em>Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae van-Diemen</em>. Taylor, London, 590 pp.</p>
<p>Brown, R. (1821) <em>Eulophus</em>. <em>Botanical Register</em> 7: t 573 (578).</p>
<p>Chase, M.W., Christenhusz, M.J.M., Kumar, P. & Schuiteman, A. (2021a) (2805) Proposal to conserve <em>Eulophia</em>, nom. cons., against the additional name <em>Geodorum</em> (Orchidaceae: Eulophiinae). <em>Taxon</em> 70: 432–433. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12480</p>
<p>Chase, M.W., Schuiteman, A. & Kumar, P. (2021b) Expansion of the orchid genus <em>Eulophia </em>(Eulophiinae; Epidendroideae) to include <em>Acrolophia</em>, <em>Cymbidiella</em>, <em>Eulophiella</em>, <em>Geodorum</em>, <em>Oeceoclades</em> and <em>Paralophia</em>. <em>Phytotaxa </em>491: 47–56. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.491.1.5</p>
<p>Chen, S.C., Liu, Z.J., Zhu, G.H., Lang, K.Y., Tsi, Z.H., Luo, Y.B., Jin, X.H., Cribb, P.J., Wood, J.J., Gale, S.W., Ormerod, P., Vermeulen, J.J., Wood, H.P., Clayton, D. and Bell, A. (2009) <em>Orchidaceae</em>. <em>In</em>: Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & D.Y. Hong (Eds.) <em>Flora of China, </em>vol. 25. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. 570 pp.</p>
<p>Don, D. (1825) <em>Prodromus Florae Nepalensis</em>. J. Gale, London. 256 pp.</p>
<p>Govaerts, R., Bernet, P., Kratochvil, K., Gerlach, G., Carr, G., Alrich, P., Pridgeon, A.M., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Baptista, D.H., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P.J., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J.J. (2021) <em>World Checklist of Orchidaceae</em>. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at: www.kew.org/wcsp/monocots/ (Accessed 13 October 2021)</p>
<p>Griffith, W. (1845) On some plants in the H.C.Botanic Gardens. <em>Calcutta Journal of Natural</em> <em>History</em> 5: 355 – 373.</p>
<p>Hance, H.F. (1873) Flora Hongkongensis Supplementum. <em>Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany</em> 13: 95 – 144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1872.tb00090.x</p>
<p>Hemsley, W.B. (1895) Descriptions of some new plants from Eastern Asia, chiefly from the Island of Formosa presented by Dr. Augustine Henry, F.L.S., to the Herbarium, Royal Gardens, Kew. <em>Annals of Botany</em> 9: 143–160. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090727</p>
<p>Hermans, J. & Cribb, P. (2005) 519. <em>Paralophia epiphytica</em>: Orchidaceae. <em>Curtis’s Botanical</em> <em>Magazine</em> 22: 47–52. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1355-4905.2005.00462.x</p>
<p>Hsu, T.C. & Chung, S.W. (2016) <em>The Illustrated Flora of Taiwan Volume 2</em>. Owl Publishing House, Taipei. 408 pp.</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria ver. 14. Available at: https://cmsdocs.s3.amazonaws.com/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed on 18 May 2021)</p>
<p>Kraenzlin, F.W.L. (1929) Neu-Caledonische Orchidaceen. <em>Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich</em> 74: 62–98.</p>
<p>Kurzweil, H. & Ormerod, P. (2018) Precursory studies on the orchid flora of Myanmar with one new species and thirty-eight new distribution records. <em>Rheedea</em> 28: 2–15. https://doi.org/10.22244/rheedea.2018.28.1.01</p>
<p>Lamarck, J.B.P.A. (1792) <em>Encyclopédie méthodique, botanique, troisieme tome</em>. Panckoucke, Paris. 759 pp.</p>
<p>Lindley, J. (1832) <em>Angraecum eburneum</em>, ivory angraecum. <em>Edwards’s Botanical Register</em> 18: sub t. 1522.</p>
<p>Lindley, J. (1835) <em>Geodorum fucatum</em>. <em>Edward’s Botanical Register</em> 20: t. 1687.</p>
<p>Lindley, J. (1855) <em>Geodorum</em>. <em>Folia Orchidacea</em> 6: 1–3.</p>
<p>Martos, F., Johnson, S.D., Peter, C.I. & Bytebier, B. (2014) A molecular phylogeny reveals paraphyly of the large genus Eulophia (Orchidaceae): a case for the reinstatement of Orthochilus. <em>TAXON</em> 63 (1): 9–23. https://doi.org/10.12705/631.6</p>
<p>Opiz, P.M. (1834) Botanische Bemerkungen. <em>Flora oder Botanische Zeitung</em> 17 (2): 590 – 592.</p>
<p>Ormerod, P. (2017) <em>Checklist of Papuasian orchids</em>. Nature & Travel Books Australia, Lismore, 494 pp.</p>
<p>Ormerod, P., Kurzweil, H. & Watthana, S. (2021) Annotated List of Orchidaceae for Myanmar. <em>Phytotaxa </em>481: 1–262. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.481.1.1</p>
<p>Pfitzer, E. (1887) Entwurf einer naturlichen Anordnung der Orchideen. Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchh, Heidelberg, 108 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.166408</p>
<p>Presl, C.B. (1827) <em>Reliquiae Haenkeanae 1</em>. Apud J.G. Calve, Pragae. 356 pp.</p>
<p>Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (Eds.) (2009) <em>Genera Orchidacearum</em>, <em>vol. 5, Epidendroideae, pt. 2.</em> Oxford University Press, Oxford, 584 pp.</p>
<p>Rolfe, R.A. (1908) New Orchids, Decade 31. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew</em> 1908: 68–72. https://doi.org/10.2307/4111834</p>
<p>Rolfe, R.A. (1918) <em>Cymbidiella rhodochila</em>. <em>The Orchid Review</em> 26: 57–59.</p>
<p>Rolfe, R.A. (1891) <em>Eulophiella</em>. <em>In</em>: Linden, J.J. (Ed.)<em> Lindenia</em>, vol. 7. Vanderhaeghen, Ghent, 238 pp.</p>
<p>Reichenbach, H.G. (1872) Neue Orchideen gesammelt von G.Mann. <em>Flora oder Botanische Zeitung</em> 55 (18): 273–278.</p>
<p>Roxburgh, W. (1795) <em>Plants of Coromandel 1</em>. W. Bulmer and Co., London. 67 pp.</p>
<p>Roxburgh, W. (1832) <em>Flora Indica Vol. 3</em>. W. Thacker, Serampore. 875 pp.</p>
<p>Salisbury, R.A. (1812) On the cultivation of rare plants, especially such as have been introduced since the death of Mr. Phillip Miller. <em>Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London</em> 1: 261–366.</p>
<p>Schlechter, F.R. (1911) Revision der Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Samoa. <em>Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis</em> 9: 98–112. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19110090704</p>
<p>Schlechter, F.R. (1919) Orcheologiae Sino-Japonicae Prodromus. <em>Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis Beihefte</em> 4: 1–318.</p>
<p>Swartz, O. (1799) Dianome Epidendri Generis Linn. <em>Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis</em> 6: 61–87.</p>
<p>Thiers, B.M. (2021) <em>Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff.</em> <em>New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium</em>. Available at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 6 May 2021)</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (eds.) (2018)<em> International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159</em>. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Willdenow, C.L. (1805) <em>Species Plantarum. Edition 4</em>. Impensis G.C. Nauk, Berolini. 629 pp.</p>
<p>Yonzone, R., Lama, D., Bhujel, R.B. & Rai, S. (2012) A new variety of <em>Geodorum</em> <em>densiflorum</em> (Lamarck) Schltr. Var. <em>kalimponsense</em> (Orchidaceae) from the Darjeeling Himalaya of West Bengal, India. <em>The MIOS Journal</em> 13 (2): 5–10.</p>